TypeBuilder.CreateType Method

Definition

Namespace:

System.Reflection.Emit

Assembly:

System.Reflection.Emit.dll

Source:

TypeBuilder.cs

Creates a Type object for the class. After defining fields and methods on the class, CreateType is called in order to load its Type object.

public:
 Type ^ CreateType();

public Type CreateType ();

member this.CreateType : unit -> Type

Public Function CreateType () As Type

Returns

Type

Returns the new Type object for this class.

Exceptions

InvalidOperationException

The enclosing type has not been created.

-or-

This type is non-abstract and contains an abstract method.

-or-

This type is not an abstract class or an interface and has a method without a method body.

ArgumentException

Bad label content in ILGenerator: You have defined a label without calling MarkLabel(Label).

NotSupportedException

The type contains invalid Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) code.

-or-

The branch target is specified using a 1-byte offset, but the target is at a distance greater than 127 bytes from the branch.

TypeLoadException

The type cannot be loaded. For example, it contains a static method that has the calling convention HasThis.

Examples

The following code example shows how to define an event handler for the AppDomain.TypeResolve event, in order to call the CreateType method on a nested type during a CreateType call on the enclosing type.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;
using namespace System::Reflection::Emit;
using namespace System::Threading;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Resources;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::IO;

// Helper class called when a resolve type event is raised.
ref class TypeResolveHandler
{
private:
   Module^ m_Module;

public:
   TypeResolveHandler( Module^ mod )
   {
      m_Module = mod;
   }

   Assembly^ ResolveEvent( Object^ sender, ResolveEventArgs^ args );
};

ref class NestedEnum
{
internal:
   static TypeBuilder^ enumType = nullptr;
   static Type^ tNested = nullptr;
   static Type^ tNesting = nullptr;

public:
   static void Main()
   {
      AssemblyName^ asmName = gcnew AssemblyName;
      asmName->Name = "NestedEnum";
      AssemblyBuilder^ asmBuild = Thread::GetDomain()->DefineDynamicAssembly( asmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess::RunAndSave );
      ModuleBuilder^ modBuild = asmBuild->DefineDynamicModule( "ModuleOne", "NestedEnum.dll" );
      
      // Hook up the event listening.
      TypeResolveHandler^ typeResolveHandler = gcnew TypeResolveHandler( modBuild );
      
      // Add a listener for the type resolve events.
      AppDomain^ currentDomain = Thread::GetDomain();
      ResolveEventHandler^ resolveHandler = gcnew ResolveEventHandler( typeResolveHandler, &TypeResolveHandler::ResolveEvent );
      currentDomain->TypeResolve += resolveHandler;
      TypeBuilder^ tb = modBuild->DefineType( "AType", TypeAttributes::Public );
      TypeBuilder^ eb = tb->DefineNestedType( "AnEnum", static_cast<TypeAttributes>(TypeAttributes::NestedPublic | TypeAttributes::Sealed), Enum::typeid, 0 );
      eb->DefineField( "value__", int::typeid, static_cast<FieldAttributes>(FieldAttributes::Private | FieldAttributes::SpecialName) );
      FieldBuilder^ fb = eb->DefineField( "Field1", eb, static_cast<FieldAttributes>(FieldAttributes::Public | FieldAttributes::Literal | FieldAttributes::Static) );
      fb->SetConstant( 1 );
      enumType = eb;
      
      // Comment out this field.
      // When this field is defined, the loader cannot determine the size
      // of the type. Therefore, a TypeResolve event is generated when the
      // nested type is completed.
      tb->DefineField( "Field2", eb, FieldAttributes::Public );
      tNesting = tb->CreateType();
      if ( tNesting == nullptr )
            Console::WriteLine( "NestingType CreateType failed but didn't throw!" );

      try
      {
         tNested = eb->CreateType();
         if ( tNested == nullptr )
                  Console::WriteLine( "NestedType CreateType failed but didn't throw!" );
      }
      catch ( Exception^ ) 
      {
         
         // This is needed because you might have already completed the type in the TypeResolve event.
      }

      if ( tNested != nullptr )
      {
         Type^ x = tNested->DeclaringType;
         if ( x == nullptr )
                  Console::WriteLine( "Declaring type is null." );
         else
                  Console::WriteLine( x->Name );
      }

      asmBuild->Save( "NestedEnum.dll" );
      
      // Remove the listener for the type resolve events.
      currentDomain->TypeResolve -= resolveHandler;
   }

};

Assembly^ TypeResolveHandler::ResolveEvent( Object^ sender, ResolveEventArgs^ args )
{
   Console::WriteLine( args->Name );
   
   // Use args.Name to look up the type name. In this case, you are getting AnEnum.
   try
   {
      NestedEnum::tNested = NestedEnum::enumType->CreateType();
   }
   catch ( Exception^ ) 
   {
      
      // This is needed to throw away InvalidOperationException.
      // Loader might send the TypeResolve event more than once
      // and the type might be complete already.
   }

   
   // Complete the type.
   return m_Module->Assembly;
}

int main()
{
   NestedEnum::Main();
}

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
using System.Resources;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;

internal class NestedEnum {
    internal static TypeBuilder enumType = null;
    internal static Type tNested = null;
    internal static Type tNesting = null;

    public static void Main(String[] args) {
    AssemblyName asmName = new AssemblyName();
    asmName.Name = "NestedEnum";
    AssemblyBuilder asmBuild = Thread.GetDomain().DefineDynamicAssembly(asmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave);
    ModuleBuilder modBuild = asmBuild.DefineDynamicModule("ModuleOne", "NestedEnum.dll");

    // Hook up the event listening.
    TypeResolveHandler typeResolveHandler = new TypeResolveHandler(modBuild);
    // Add a listener for the type resolve events.
    AppDomain currentDomain = Thread.GetDomain();
    ResolveEventHandler resolveHandler = new ResolveEventHandler(typeResolveHandler.ResolveEvent);
    currentDomain.TypeResolve += resolveHandler;

    TypeBuilder tb = modBuild.DefineType("AType", TypeAttributes.Public);
    TypeBuilder eb = tb.DefineNestedType("AnEnum", TypeAttributes.NestedPublic | TypeAttributes.Sealed, typeof(Enum), null);
    eb.DefineField("value__", typeof(int), FieldAttributes.Private | FieldAttributes.SpecialName);
    FieldBuilder fb = eb.DefineField("Field1", eb, FieldAttributes.Public | FieldAttributes.Literal | FieldAttributes.Static);
    fb.SetConstant(1);

    enumType = eb;

    // Comment out this field.
    // When this field is defined, the loader cannot determine the size
    // of the type. Therefore, a TypeResolve event is generated when the
    // nested type is completed.
    tb.DefineField("Field2", eb, FieldAttributes.Public);

    tNesting = tb.CreateType();
    if (tNesting == null)
        Console.WriteLine("NestingType CreateType failed but didn't throw!");	

    try {
        tNested = eb.CreateType();
        if (tNested == null)
        Console.WriteLine("NestedType CreateType failed but didn't throw!");	
    }
    catch {
        // This is needed because you might have already completed the type in the TypeResolve event.
    }

    if (tNested != null) {
        Type x = tNested.DeclaringType;
        if (x == null)
        Console.WriteLine("Declaring type was null.");
        else
        Console.WriteLine(x.Name);
    }

    asmBuild.Save( "NestedEnum.dll" );

    // Remove the listener for the type resolve events.
    currentDomain.TypeResolve -= resolveHandler;
    }
}

// Helper class called when a resolve type event is raised.
internal class TypeResolveHandler
{
    private Module m_Module;

    public TypeResolveHandler(Module mod)
    {
    m_Module = mod;
    }

    public Assembly ResolveEvent(Object sender, ResolveEventArgs args)
    {
    Console.WriteLine(args.Name);
    // Use args.Name to look up the type name. In this case, you are getting AnEnum.
    try {
        NestedEnum.tNested = NestedEnum.enumType.CreateType();
    }
    catch {
        // This is needed to throw away InvalidOperationException.
        // Loader might send the TypeResolve event more than once
        // and the type might be complete already.
    }

    // Complete the type.		
    return m_Module.Assembly;
    }
}

Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Reflection.Emit
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Resources
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.IO

Friend Class NestedEnum
   Friend Shared enumType As TypeBuilder = Nothing
   Friend Shared tNested As Type = Nothing
   Friend Shared tNesting As Type = Nothing
   
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim asmName As New AssemblyName()
      asmName.Name = "NestedEnum"
      Dim asmBuild As AssemblyBuilder = Thread.GetDomain().DefineDynamicAssembly(asmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave)
      Dim modBuild As ModuleBuilder = asmBuild.DefineDynamicModule("ModuleOne", "NestedEnum.dll")
      
      ' Hook up the event listening.
      Dim typeResolveHandler As New TypeResolveHandler(modBuild)
      ' Add a listener for the type resolve events.
      Dim currentDomain As AppDomain = Thread.GetDomain()
      Dim resolveHandler As ResolveEventHandler = AddressOf typeResolveHandler.ResolveEvent
      AddHandler currentDomain.TypeResolve, resolveHandler 
      
      Dim tb As TypeBuilder = modBuild.DefineType("AType", TypeAttributes.Public)
      Dim eb As TypeBuilder = tb.DefineNestedType("AnEnum", TypeAttributes.NestedPublic Or TypeAttributes.Sealed, GetType([Enum]))
      eb.DefineField("value__", GetType(Integer), FieldAttributes.Private Or FieldAttributes.SpecialName)
      Dim fb As FieldBuilder = eb.DefineField("Field1", eb, FieldAttributes.Public Or FieldAttributes.Literal Or FieldAttributes.Static)
      fb.SetConstant(1)
      
      enumType = eb
      
      ' Comment out this field.
      ' When this field is defined, the loader cannot determine the size
      ' of the type. Therefore, a TypeResolve event is generated when the
      ' nested type is completed.
      tb.DefineField("Field2", eb, FieldAttributes.Public)
      
      tNesting = tb.CreateType()
      If tNesting Is Nothing Then
         Console.WriteLine("NestingType CreateType failed but didn't throw!")
      End If 
      Try
         tNested = eb.CreateType()
         If tNested Is Nothing Then
            Console.WriteLine("NestedType CreateType failed but didn't throw!")
         End If
      Catch
      End Try ' This is needed because you might have already completed the type in the TypeResolve event.
      
      If Not (tNested Is Nothing) Then
         Dim x As Type = tNested.DeclaringType
         If x Is Nothing Then
            Console.WriteLine("Declaring type is Nothing.")
         Else
            Console.WriteLine(x.Name)
         End If
      End If 
      asmBuild.Save("NestedEnum.dll")
      
      ' Remove the listener for the type resolve events.
      RemoveHandler currentDomain.TypeResolve, resolveHandler 
   End Sub
End Class


' Helper class called when a resolve type event is raised.
Friend Class TypeResolveHandler
   Private m_Module As [Module]
   
   
   Public Sub New([mod] As [Module])
      m_Module = [mod]
   End Sub
   
   
   Public Function ResolveEvent(sender As [Object], args As ResolveEventArgs) As [Assembly]
      Console.WriteLine(args.Name)
      ' Use args.Name to look up the type name. In this case, you are getting AnEnum.
      Try
         NestedEnum.tNested = NestedEnum.enumType.CreateType()
      Catch
      End Try ' This is needed to throw away InvalidOperationException.
      ' Loader might send the TypeResolve event more than once
      ' and the type might be complete already.
      
      ' Complete the type.		    
      Return m_Module.Assembly
   End Function 'ResolveEvent
End Class

Remarks

If this type is a nested type, the CreateType method must be called on the enclosing type before it is called on the nested type.

If the current type derives from an incomplete type or implements incomplete interfaces, call the CreateType method on the parent type and the interface types before calling it on the current type.

If the enclosing type contains a field that is a value type defined as a nested type (for example, a field that is an enumeration defined as a nested type), calling the CreateType method on the enclosing type will generate a AppDomain.TypeResolve event. This is because the loader cannot determine the size of the enclosing type until the nested type has been completed. The caller should define a handler for the TypeResolve event to complete the definition of the nested type by calling CreateType on the TypeBuilder object that represents the nested type. The code example for this topic shows how to define such an event handler.

A type is created only once, no matter how many times the CreateType method is called. All calls return the same Type object.