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Quickstart: Connect and query an Azure SQL Database or an Azure SQL Managed Instance using SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

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Applies to: Azure SQL Database

Get started using SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) to connect to your Azure SQL Database and run some Transact-SQL (T-SQL) commands.

Note

While Microsoft Entra ID is the new name for Azure Active Directory (Azure AD), to prevent disrupting existing environments, Azure AD still remains in some hardcoded elements such as UI fields, connection providers, error codes, and cmdlets. In this article, the two names are interchangeable.

The article demonstrates the following steps:

  • Connect to an Azure SQL database
  • Create a database
  • Create a table in your new database
  • Insert rows into your new table
  • Query the new table and view the results
  • Use the query window table to verify your connection properties

Prerequisites

Connect to an Azure SQL Database or Azure SQL Managed Instance

Note

In December 2021, releases of SSMS prior to 18.6 will no longer authenticate to Database Engines through Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication (MFA). To continue utilizing MFA, you need SSMS 18.6 or later.

Connectivity to Azure Analysis Services through Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication requires SSMS 18.5.1 or later.

  1. Start SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS). The first time you run SSMS, the Connect to Server window opens. If it doesn't open, you can open it manually by selecting Object Explorer > Connect > Database Engine.

    Screenshot of the Connect link in Object Explorer.

  2. The Connect to Server dialog box appears. Enter the following information:

    Setting Suggested value Details
    Server type Database Engine Select Database Engine (usually the default option).
    Server name The fully qualified server name Enter the name of your Azure SQL Database or Azure SQL Managed Instance name.
    Authentication
    Microsoft Entra ID 1
    - Universal with MFA See Using Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication.
    - Password
    - Integrated
    - Service Principal    		 See Microsoft Entra service principal with Azure SQL.
    - Managed Identity See Managed identities in Microsoft Entra for Azure SQL.

    Connecting to a SQL instance with SSMS using a managed identity requires an Azure VM. See Use a Windows VM system-assigned managed identity to access Azure SQL
    - Default The default option can be used when connecting using any Microsoft Entra authentication mode that's passwordless and noninteractive.
    SQL Server Authentication Use SQL Server Authentication for Azure SQL to connect.
    Login Server account user ID The user ID from the server account used to create the server.
    Password Server account password The password from the server account used to create the server.
    Encryption 2 Encryption method Select the encryption level for the connection. The default value is Mandatory.
    Trust server certificate Trust Server Certificate Check this option to bypass server certificate validation. The default value is False (unchecked), which promotes better security using trusted certificates.
    Host Name in Certificate Host name of the server The value provided in this option is used to specify a different, but expected, CN or SAN in the server certificate.

    1 The Windows Authentication method isn't supported for Azure SQL. For more information, see Azure SQL authentication.

    2 The default value is Mandatory in SSMS 20. Strict (SQL Server 2022 and Azure SQL) encryption should be used for Azure SQL Database and Azure SQL Managed Instance. Strict (SQL Server 2022 and Azure SQL) encryption can be used for SQL Server when the instance has Force Strict Encryption enabled.

    You can also modify additional connection options by selecting Options. Examples of connection options are the database you're connecting to, the connection timeout value, and the network protocol. This article uses the default values for all the options.

    Screenshot of connection dialog for Azure SQL.

  3. After you complete all the fields, select Connect.

    If your firewall isn't set up, a prompt appears to configure the firewall. Once you sign in, fill in your Azure account sign in information and continue to set the firewall rule. Then select OK. This prompt is a one time action. Once you configure the firewall, the firewall prompt shouldn't appear.

    Screenshot of Azure SQL New Firewall Rule.

  4. To verify that your Azure SQL Database or Azure SQL Managed Instance connection succeeded, expand and explore the objects within Object Explorer where the server name, the SQL Server version, and the username are displayed. These objects are different depending on the server type.

    Screenshot of connecting to an Azure SQL database.

Troubleshoot connectivity issues

If your browser fails to connect to SQL Database when using Microsoft Entra with MFA, you can navigate to Tools > Options > Azure Cloud, and change the value for either Use system default web browser or Use Web Account Manager. For more information, see Options (Azure Services).

You can experience connection problems with Azure SQL Database. For more information on troubleshooting connection problems, visit Troubleshooting connectivity issues.

You can prevent, troubleshoot, diagnose, and mitigate connection and transient errors that you encounter when interacting with Azure SQL Database or Azure SQL Managed Instance. For more information, visit Troubleshoot transient connection errors.

Create a database

Now let's create a database named TutorialDB by following the below steps:

  1. Right-click your server instance in Object Explorer, and then select New Query:

    Screenshot showing the New Query link.

  2. Paste the following T-SQL code snippet into the query window:

    IF NOT EXISTS (
   SELECT name
   FROM sys.databases
   WHERE name = N'TutorialDB'
)
CREATE DATABASE [TutorialDB];
GO

ALTER DATABASE [TutorialDB]
SET QUERY_STORE = ON;
GO

  3. Execute the query by selecting Execute or selecting F5 on your keyboard.

    Screenshot showing the Execute command.

    After the query is complete, the new TutorialDB database appears in the list of databases in Object Explorer. If it isn't displayed, right-click the Databases node, and then select Refresh.

Create a table in the new database

In this section, you create a table in the newly created TutorialDB database. Because the query editor is still in the context of the master database, switch the connection context to the TutorialDB database by doing the following steps:

  1. In the database dropdown list, select the database that you want, as shown here:

    Screenshot showing how to Change database.

  2. Paste the following T-SQL code snippet into the query window:

    USE [TutorialDB];
GO

-- Create a new table called 'Customers' in schema 'dbo'
-- Drop the table if it already exists
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.Customers', 'U') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE dbo.Customers;
GO

-- Create the table in the specified schema
CREATE TABLE dbo.Customers (
    CustomerId INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, -- primary key column
    Name NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    Location NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    Email NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);
GO

  3. Execute the query by selecting Execute or selecting F5 on your keyboard.

After the query is complete, the new Customers table is displayed in the list of tables in Object Explorer. If the table isn't displayed, right-click the TutorialDB > Tables node in Object Explorer, and then select Refresh.

Screenshot showing New table.

Insert rows into the new table

Now let's insert some rows into the Customers table that you created. Paste the following T-SQL code snippet into the query window, and then select Execute:

-- Insert rows into table 'Customers'
INSERT INTO dbo.Customers (
    [CustomerId],
    [Name],
    [Location],
    [Email]
)
VALUES
   (1, N'Orlando', N'Australia', N''),
   (2, N'Keith', N'India', N'keith0@adventure-works.com'),
   (3, N'Donna', N'Germany', N'donna0@adventure-works.com'),
   (4, N'Janet', N'United States', N'janet1@adventure-works.com');
GO

Query the table and view the results

The results of a query are visible beneath the query text window. To query the Customers table and view the rows that were inserted, follow these steps:

  1. Paste the following T-SQL code snippet into the query window, and then select Execute:

    -- Select rows from table 'Customers'
SELECT * FROM dbo.Customers;

    The query results are displayed under the area where the text was entered.

    Screenshot showing the Results list.

    You can also modify the way results are presented by selecting one of the following options:

    Screenshot of three options for displaying query results.

    • The first button displays the results in Text View, as shown in the image in the next section.
    • The middle button displays the results in Grid View, which is the default option.
    • The third button lets you save the results to a file whose extension is .rpt by default.

Verify your connection properties by using the query window table

You can find information about the connection properties under the results of your query. After you run the previously mentioned query in the preceding step, review the connection properties at the bottom of the query window.

  • You can determine which server and database you're connected to, and your username.

  • You can also view the query duration and the number of rows returned by the previously executed query.

    Screenshot of the connection properties.

Additional tools

You can also use Azure Data Studio to connect and query SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, and Azure Synapse Analytics.

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