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Scrittura di codice per diversi tipi di elementi di lavoro tramite il modello a oggetti del client per Team Foundation

Quando si scrive codice per i progetti team diversi, è possibile eseguire la stessa funzione con diversi tipi di elementi di lavoro che hanno scopi analoghi. Questi tipi possono essere differenti perché sono derivati dai modelli di processo diverso, o un team può personalizzarli per un progetto team specifico. Ad esempio, è possibile eseguire la stessa funzione storie utente e i requisiti, costituiti entrambi devono rappresentare che richiedono clienti e valore. Anziché scrivere codice separato per ogni tipo di elemento di lavoro, è possibile generalizzare il codice per l'utilizzo di entrambi. Inoltre, un team può personalizzare la definizione dell'elemento di lavoro per le storie utente in modo da poter stimare i membri del team il lavoro in ore nei punti della storia. È possibile evitare di duplicare il proprio operazione regolando il codice per gestire sia quello predefinito che le strategie personalizzate.

In questo argomento, è disponibile un esempio di codice che esegue un'attività in un tipo di elemento di lavoro specifico non personalizzato e quindi viene illustrato come eseguire il refactoring del codice per supportare determinati tipi di personalizzazioni. Per ulteriori informazioni su come personalizzare i tipi di elementi di lavoro, vedere Visualizzazione end-to-end di ciò che è possibile configurare e personalizzare in Visual Studio TFS.

In questo argomento

  • Stampare le strutture ad albero di storie utente con le stime in punti della storia

  • Stampare le strutture ad albero di storie utente con le stime dei punti della storia o in Lavoro previsto

  • Stampare le strutture ad albero di elementi di lavoro utilizzati come requisiti con le stime

Stampare le strutture ad albero di storie utente con le stime in punti della storia

Questo esempio di codice viene visualizzato in strutture ad albero di tutte le storie utente in ogni progetto team in un server e include le stime per ogni storia che non ha figli. Per utilizzare questo esempio, si crea un'applicazione console, aggiungere riferimenti ai seguenti assembly e quindi sostituire il contenuto Program.cs o Module1.vb) con il codice seguente.

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client;
using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Client;
using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Common;
using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client;

namespace Microsoft.TeamFoundation.SDK
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                // Connect to Team Foundation Server. The form of the url is http://server:port/vpath.
                //     Server - the name of the server that is running the application tier for Team Foundation.
                //     port - the port that Team Foundation uses. The default port is 8080.
                //     vpath - the virtual path to the Team Foundation application. The default path is tfs.
                TfsConfigurationServer configurationServer =
                    TfsConfigurationServerFactory.GetConfigurationServer(new Uri("https://Server:8080/tfs"));
               
                // Get the catalog of team project collections
                CatalogNode catalogNode = configurationServer.CatalogNode;
                ReadOnlyCollection<CatalogNode> tpcNodes = catalogNode.QueryChildren(
                    new Guid[] { CatalogResourceTypes.ProjectCollection }, false, CatalogQueryOptions.None);

                // Process each team project collection
                foreach (CatalogNode tpcNode in tpcNodes)
                {
                    // Use the InstanceId property to get the team project collection
                    Guid tpcId = new Guid(tpcNode.Resource.Properties["InstanceId"]);
                    TfsTeamProjectCollection tpc = configurationServer.GetTeamProjectCollection(tpcId);

                    // Get the work item store
                    WorkItemStore wiStore = tpc.GetService<WorkItemStore>();

                    // Query for the trees of active user stories in the team project collection
                    StringBuilder queryString = new StringBuilder("SELECT [System.Id] FROM WorkItemLinks WHERE ");
                    queryString.Append("([Source].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story' AND [Source].[System.State] = 'Active') AND ");
                    queryString.Append("([System.Links.LinkType] = 'System.LinkTypes.Hierarchy-Forward') And ");
                    queryString.Append("([Target].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story' AND [Target].[System.State] = 'Active') ORDER BY [System.Id] mode(Recursive)");
                    Query wiQuery = new Query(wiStore, queryString.ToString());
                    WorkItemLinkInfo[] wiTrees = wiQuery.RunLinkQuery();

                    // Print the trees of user stories, with the estimated sizes of each leaf
                    PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, "    ", 0, 0);
                }
            }

            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
        }

        // Each WorkItemLinkInfo structure in the collection contains the IDs of the linked work items.
        // In this case, the sourceId is the ID of the user story that is on the parent side of the link, and
        // the targetId is the ID of the user story that is on the child side of the link. The links
        // are returned in depth-first order. This function recursively traverses the collection
        // and the title of each user story. If the user story has no children, its estimation is also printed.
        static int PrintTrees(WorkItemStore wiStore, WorkItemLinkInfo[] wiTrees, string prefix, int sourceId, int iThis)
        {
            int iNext = 0;

            // Get the parent of this user story, if it has one
            WorkItem source = null;
            if (sourceId != 0)
            {
                source = wiStore.GetWorkItem(wiTrees[iThis].SourceId);
            }

            // Process the items in the list that have the same parent as this user story
            while (iThis < wiTrees.Length && wiTrees[iThis].SourceId == sourceId)
            {
                // Get this user story
                WorkItem target = wiStore.GetWorkItem(wiTrees[iThis].TargetId);
                Console.Write(prefix);
                Console.Write(target.Type.Name);
                Console.Write(": ");
                Console.Write(target.Fields["Title"].Value);
                if (iThis < wiTrees.Length - 1)
                {
                    if (wiTrees[iThis].TargetId == wiTrees[iThis + 1].SourceId)
                    {
                        // The next item is this user story's child. Process the children
                        Console.WriteLine();
                        iNext = PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, prefix + "    ", wiTrees[iThis + 1].SourceId, iThis + 1);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // The next item is not this user story's child.
                        Console.Write("; estimate = ");
                        Console.WriteLine(target.Fields["Story Points"].Value);
                        iNext = iThis + 1;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // This user story is the last one.
                    iNext = iThis + 1;
                }

                iThis = iNext;
            }

            return iNext;
        }
    }
}
Imports System
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Collections.ObjectModel
Imports Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Client
Imports Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Client
Imports Microsoft.TeamFoundation.Framework.Common
Imports Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WorkItemTracking.Client

Module Module1
    Sub Main(ByVal sArgs() As String)

        Try
            ' Connect to the Team Foundation Server. The form of the url is http://server:port/vpath.
            ' Server - the name of the server that is running the application tier for Team Foundation
            ' Port - the port that Team Foundation uses. The default port is 8080.
            ' Vpath - the virtual path to the Team Foundation application. The default is tfs.

            Dim tfsUri As New Uri("https://Server:8080/tfs")
            Dim configurationServer As TfsConfigurationServer
            configurationServer = TfsConfigurationServerFactory.GetConfigurationServer(tfsUri)

            ' Get the catalog of team project collections
            Dim catalogNode As CatalogNode
            catalogNode = configurationServer.CatalogNode
            Dim tpcNodes As ReadOnlyCollection(Of CatalogNode)
            Dim gVar As Guid() = New Guid() {CatalogResourceTypes.ProjectCollection}
            tpcNodes = catalogNode.QueryChildren(gVar, False, CatalogQueryOptions.None)
            ' Process each team project collection
            For Each tpcNode In tpcNodes
                Dim tpcGuid As Guid = New Guid(tpcNode.Resource.Properties("InstanceID"))
                Dim tpc As New TfsTeamProjectCollection(tfsUri)
                tpc = configurationServer.GetTeamProjectCollection(tpcGuid)
                ' Get the work item store
                Dim wiStore As WorkItemStore
                wiStore = tpc.GetService(Of WorkItemStore)()
                ' Query for the trees of active user stories in the team project collection
                Dim queryString As New StringBuilder("SELECT [System.ID] FROM WorkItemLinks WHERE ")
                queryString.Append("([Source].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story' AND [Source].[System.State] = 'Active') AND ")
                queryString.Append("([System.Links.LinkType] = 'System.LinkTypes.Hierarchy-Forward') And ")
                queryString.Append("([Target].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story' AND [Target].[System.State] = 'Active') ORDER BY [System.Id] mode(Recursive)")
                Dim wiQuery As New Query(wiStore, queryString.ToString())
                Dim wiTrees() As WorkItemLinkInfo
                wiTrees = wiQuery.RunLinkQuery()

                ' Print the trees of user stories with the estimated size of each leaf.
                PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, "   ", 0, 0)
            Next

        Catch ex As Exception
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)

        End Try
        


    End Sub

    ' Each WorkItemLinkInfo structure in the collection contains the IDs of the linked work items.
    ' In this case, the sourceId is the ID of the user story that is on the parent side of the link, and
    ' the targetId is the ID of the user story that is on the child side of the link. The links
    ' are returned in depth-first order. This function recursively traverses the collection
    ' and the title of each user story. If the user story has no children, its estimation is also printed.

    Function PrintTrees(ByVal wiStore As WorkItemStore, ByVal wiTrees As WorkItemLinkInfo(), ByVal prefix As String, ByVal sourceId As Integer, ByVal iThis As Integer) As Integer

        Dim iNext As Integer = 0

        ' Get the parent of this user story, if it has one
        Dim source As WorkItem = Nothing

        If sourceId <> 0 Then
            source = wiStore.GetWorkItem(wiTrees(iThis).SourceId)
        End If

        ' Process the items in the list that have the same parent as this user story
        While (iThis < wiTrees.Length AndAlso wiTrees(iThis).SourceId = sourceId)
            ' Get this user story

            Dim target As WorkItem
            target = wiStore.GetWorkItem(wiTrees(iThis).TargetId)
            Console.Write(prefix)
            Console.Write(target.Type.Name)
            Console.Write(":  ")
            Console.Write(target.Fields("Title").Value)
            If iThis < (wiTrees.Length - 1) Then
                If wiTrees(iThis).TargetId = wiTrees(iThis + 1).SourceId Then

                    ' The next item is the user story's child.
                    Console.WriteLine()
                    iNext = PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, prefix + "   ", wiTrees(iThis + 1).SourceId, iThis + 1)
                Else

                    ' The next item is not the user story's child
                    Console.Write("; estimate = ")
                    Console.WriteLine(target.Fields("Story Points").Value)
                    iNext = iThis + 1
                End If
            Else
                ' This user story is the last one.
                iNext = iThis + 1
            End If
            iThis = iNext
        End While
        Return iNext
    End Function

End Module

Stampare le strutture ad albero di storie utente con le stime dei punti della storia o in Lavoro previsto

In questo esempio viene modificato il metodo di PrintTrees per determinare se ogni elemento di lavoro utilizza i punti della storia sistema o il campo di base di lavoro e per stampare la stima del campo. Per utilizzare questo esempio, sostituire la riga Console.WriteLine(target.Fields["Story Points"].Value); nel metodo di PrintTrees con il codice seguente.

// Determine which estimation field is present
string fieldName = "Story Points";
if (target.Type.FieldDefinitions.TryGetByName(fieldName) == null) 
{
    fieldName = "Baseline Work";
}
Console.WriteLine(target.Fields[fieldName].Value); 
Dim fieldName As String
fieldName = "Story Points"
If (target.Type.FieldDefinitions.TryGetByName(fieldName) Is Nothing) Then
    fieldName = "Baseline Work"
End If
Console.WriteLine(target.Fields(fieldName).Value)

Strutture ad albero di stampa di tutti gli elementi di lavoro in una categoria

È possibile raggruppare categorie di diversi tipi di elementi di lavoro che hanno lo stesso o simili scopi in progetti team diversi. È possibile scrivere codice per eseguire la stessa funzione su tutti gli elementi di lavoro che appartengono a una categoria. L'esempio visualizza le stime per qualsiasi tipo di elemento di lavoro nella categoria di requisiti, quali storie utente, i requisiti e elementi di backlog del prodotto.

Per utilizzare questo esempio, sostituire la funzione principale dell'esempio precedente con il codice seguente.

static void Main(string[] args) 
{
    try
    {
        // Connect to Team Foundation Server. The form of the url is http://server:port/vpath.
        //     server - the name of the server that is running the application tier for Team Foundation.
        //     port - the port that Team Foundation uses. The default ort is 8080.
        //     vpath - the virtual path to the Team Foundation application. The default path is tfs. 
        TfsConfigurationServer configurationServer =
            TfsConfigurationServerFactory.GetConfigurationServer(new Uri("https://server:8080/tfs"));

        // Get the catalog of team project collections
        CatalogNode catalogNode = configurationServer.CatalogNode; 
        ReadOnlyCollection<CatalogNode> tpcNodes = catalogNode.QueryChildren(
            new Guid[] { CatalogResourceTypes.ProjectCollection }, false, CatalogQueryOptions.None); 

        // Process each team project collection
        foreach (CatalogNode tpcNode in tpcNodes) 
        {
            // Use the InstanceId property to get the team project collection
            Guid tpcId = new Guid(tpcNode.Resource.Properties["InstanceId"]);
            TfsTeamProjectCollection tpc = configurationServer.GetTeamProjectCollection(tpcId); 

            // Get the work item store
            WorkItemStore wiStore = tpc.GetService<WorkItemStore>();
            foreach (Project project in wiStore.Projects)
            {
                Console.Write("Project: ");
                Console.WriteLine(project.Name); 

                // Get the type of work item to use 
                CategoryCollection categories = wiStore.Projects[project.Name].Categories; 
                string wiType = categories["Requirement Category"].DefaultWorkItemType.Name;

                // Query for the trees of active user stories in the team project collection
                StringBuilder queryString = new StringBuilder("SELECT [System.Id] FROM WorkItemLinks WHERE ");
                queryString.Append("([Source].[System.WorkItemType] = '"); 
                queryString.Append(wiType); 
                queryString.Append("' AND [Source].[System.TeamProject] = '"); 
                queryString.Append(project.Name);
                queryString.Append("') AND ");
                queryString.Append("([System.Links.LinkType] = 'System.LinkTypes.Hierarchy-Forward') And ");
                queryString.Append("([Target].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story'  AND  ");
                queryString.Append("[Target].[System.State] = 'Active') ORDER BY [System.Id] mode(Recursive)"); 
                Query wiQuery = new Query(wiStore, queryString.ToString());
                WorkItemLinkInfo[] wiTrees = wiQuery.RunLinkQuery();

                // Print the trees of user stories and requirements, with the estimated size of each leaf

                PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, "    ", 0, 0); 
            }
        }
    }

    catch (Exception e) 
    {
        Console.WriteLine(e.Message); 
    }
}
Sub Main(ByVal sArgs() As String)

        Try
            ' Connect to the Team Foundation Server. The form of the url is http://server:port/vpath.
            ' Server - the name of the server that is running the application tier for Team Foundation
            ' Port - the port that Team Foundation uses. The default port is 8080.
            ' Vpath - the virtual path to the Team Foundation application. The default is tfs.

            Dim tfsUri As New Uri("https://server:8080/tfs")
            Dim configurationServer As TfsConfigurationServer
            configurationServer = TfsConfigurationServerFactory.GetConfigurationServer(tfsUri)

            ' Get the catalog of team project collections
            Dim catalogNode As CatalogNode
            catalogNode = configurationServer.CatalogNode
            Dim tpcNodes As ReadOnlyCollection(Of CatalogNode)
            Dim gVar As Guid() = New Guid() {CatalogResourceTypes.ProjectCollection}
            tpcNodes = catalogNode.QueryChildren(gVar, False, CatalogQueryOptions.None)
            ' Process each team project collection
            For Each tpcNode In tpcNodes
                Dim tpcGuid As Guid = New Guid(tpcNode.Resource.Properties("InstanceID"))
                Dim tpc As New TfsTeamProjectCollection(tfsUri)
                tpc = configurationServer.GetTeamProjectCollection(tpcGuid)
                ' Get the work item store

                Dim wiStore As WorkItemStore
                wiStore = tpc.GetService(Of WorkItemStore)()
                ' Query for the trees of active user stories in the team project collection
                Dim project As Project
                For Each project In wiStore.Projects
                    Console.Write("Project: ")
                    Console.WriteLine(project.Name)

                    ' Get the type of work item to use
                    Dim categories As CategoryCollection
                    categories = wiStore.Projects(project.Name).Categories
                    Dim wiType As String
                    wiType = categories("Requirement Category").DefaultWorkItemType.Name
                    ' Query for the trees of active user stories in the team project collection
                    Dim queryString As New StringBuilder("SELECT [System.Id] FROM WorkItemLinks WHERE ")
                    queryString.Append("([Source].[System.WorkItemType] = '") 
                    queryString.Append(wiType) 
                    queryString.Append("' AND [Source].[System.TeamProject] = '") 
                    queryString.Append(project.Name)
                    queryString.Append("') AND ")
                    queryString.Append("([System.Links.LinkType] = 'System.LinkTypes.Hierarchy-Forward') And ")
                    queryString.Append("([Target].[System.WorkItemType] = 'User Story' AND [Target].[System.State] = 'Active') ORDER BY [System.Id] mode(Recursive)")
                    Dim wiQuery As New Query(wiStore, queryString.ToString())
                    Dim wiTrees() As WorkItemLinkInfo
                    wiTrees = wiQuery.RunLinkQuery()

                    ' Print the trees of user stories with the estimated size of each leaf.
                    PrintTrees(wiStore, wiTrees, "   ", 0, 0)
                Next
                
            Next

        Catch ex As Exception
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)

        End Try
    End Sub