Procedura: Sincronizzazione asincrona dei dati (a livello di programmazione)
In questo argomento verrà illustrato come sincronizzare una sottoscrizione in modo asincrono utilizzando la classe SqlCeReplication. La sincronizzazione asincrona dei dati consente all'applicazione di eseguire altre operazioni durante la sincronizzazione. Per ulteriori informazioni sull'utilizzo dello spazio dei nomi SqlServerCe, vedere la documentazione di riferimento dello spazio dei nomi SqlServerCe.
Per avviare la sincronizzazione asincrona dei dati
Inizializzare un oggetto SqlCeReplication. Per accedere all'oggetto, è necessario dichiararlo fuori da qualsiasi metodo.
private SqlCeReplication repl;All'interno del metodo che avvia la sincronizzazione, creare un'istanza dell'oggetto SqlCeReplication e quindi impostare le proprietà necessarie per la sincronizzazione con un server di pubblicazione.
this.repl = new SqlCeReplication(); repl.InternetUrl = "https://www.adventure-works.com/sqlmobile/sqlcesa30.dll"; repl.InternetLogin = "MyInternetLogin"; repl.InternetPassword = "<password>"; repl.Publisher = "MyPublisher"; repl.PublisherDatabase = "MyPublisherDatabase"; repl.PublisherLogin = "MyPublisherLogin"; repl.PublisherPassword = "<password>"; repl.Publication = "MyPublication"; repl.Subscriber = "MySubscriber"; repl.SubscriberConnectionString = "Data Source=MyDatabase.sdf";Chiamare il metodo BeginSynchronize. Verrà restituito un oggetto IAsyncResult. Quando si chiama il metodo BeginSynchronize, è necessario passare un gestore dell'evento AsyncCallback e l'oggetto SqlCeReplication. L'evento AsyncCallback viene generato al termine della sincronizzazione. È inoltre possibile passare i gestori degli eventi OnStartTableUpload, OnStartTableDownload e OnSynchronization.
IAsyncResult ar = repl.BeginSynchronize(new AsyncCallback(this.SyncCompletedCallback), new OnStartTableUpload(this.OnStartTableUploadCallback), new OnStartTableDownload(this.OnStartTableDownloadCallback), new OnSynchronization(this.OnSynchronizationCallback), repl);
Per gestire eventi di sincronizzazione
L'unico evento obbligatorio è AsyncCallback, il cui unico parametro è IAsyncResult.
public void SyncCompletedCallback(IAsyncResult ar) { ... }I gestori degli eventi OnStartTableUpload e OnStartTableDownload accettano entrambi come parametri IAsyncResult e il nome della tabella (come stringa).
public void OnStartTableUploadCallback(IAsyncResult ar, string tableName) { ... } public void OnStartTableDownloadCallback(IAsyncResult ar, string tableName) { ... }Il gestore dell'evento OnSynchronization accetta come parametri IAsyncResult e un integer che rappresenta la percentuale di sincronizzazione completata.
public void OnSynchronizationCallback(IAsyncResult ar, int percentComplete) { ... }
Per completare la sincronizzazione asincrona dei dati
All'interno del gestore dell'evento AsyncCallback, utilizzare gli oggetti SqlCeReplication e IAsyncResult passati per chiamare il metodo EndSynchronize.
SqlCeReplication repl = (SqlCeReplication)ar.AsyncState; repl.EndSynchronize(ar);
Esempio
Nell'esempio seguente viene illustrato come implementare la sincronizzazione asincrona dei dati. Nell'esempio, l'applicazione utilizza SyncStatus per aggiornare l'interfaccia utente durante la sincronizzazione in modo che l'utente sia informato dello stato dell'operazione. L'interfaccia utente viene aggiornata al momento della generazione di un evento di sincronizzazione e ogni volta che viene caricata o scaricata una tabella. Al termine della sincronizzazione, l'applicazione ottiene i dati temporali relativi all'ultima sincronizzazione corretta dalla tabella __sysMergeSubscriptions e visualizza i risultati.
public class MyForm : Form
{
private string tableName;
private int percentage;
private SyncStatus eventStatus;
private SqlCeReplication repl;
private EventHandler myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent;
internal enum SyncStatus
{
PercentComplete,
BeginUpload,
BeginDownload,
SyncComplete
}
public MyForm()
{
// InitializeComponent();
this.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent = new EventHandler(MyUserInterfaceUpdateEvent);
}
public void MyUserInterfaceUpdateEvent(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
switch (this.eventStatus)
{
case SyncStatus.BeginUpload:
//this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Began uploading table : " + tableName;
break;
case SyncStatus.PercentComplete:
//this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Sync with SQL Server is " + percentage.ToString() + "% complete.";
break;
case SyncStatus.BeginDownload:
//this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Began downloading table : " + tableName;
break;
case SyncStatus.SyncComplete:
//this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Synchronization has completed successfully";
//this.labelLastSyncValue.Text = GetLastSuccessfulSyncTime().ToString();
break;
}
}
public void SyncCompletedCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
SqlCeReplication repl = (SqlCeReplication)ar.AsyncState;
repl.EndSynchronize(ar);
repl.SaveProperties();
this.eventStatus = SyncStatus.SyncComplete;
}
catch (SqlCeException e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
}
finally
{
// NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
// method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
// the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
// application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
//
this.Invoke(this.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent);
}
}
public void OnStartTableUploadCallback(IAsyncResult ar, string tableName)
{
this.tableName = tableName;
this.eventStatus = SyncStatus.BeginUpload;
// NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
// method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
// the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
// application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
//
this.Invoke(this.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent);
}
public void OnSynchronizationCallback(IAsyncResult ar, int percentComplete)
{
this.percentage = percentComplete;
this.eventStatus = SyncStatus.PercentComplete;
// NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
// method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
// the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
// application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
//
this.Invoke(this.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent);
}
public void OnStartTableDownloadCallback(IAsyncResult ar, string tableName)
{
this.tableName = tableName;
this.eventStatus = SyncStatus.BeginDownload;
// NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
// method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
// the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
// application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
//
this.Invoke(this.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent);
}
private void ButtonSynchronize_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
try
{
this.repl = new SqlCeReplication();
repl.SubscriberConnectionString = "Data Source=Test.sdf";
if (false == File.Exists("Test.sdf"))
{
repl.AddSubscription(AddOption.CreateDatabase);
repl.PublisherSecurityMode = SecurityType.DBAuthentication;
repl.Publisher = "MyPublisher";
repl.PublisherLogin = "PublisherLogin";
repl.PublisherPassword = "<Password>";
repl.PublisherDatabase = "AdventureWorksDW";
repl.Publication = "AdventureWorksDW";
repl.InternetUrl = "https://www.adventure-works.com/sqlmobile/sqlcesa30.dll";
repl.InternetLogin = "MyInternetLogin";
repl.InternetPassword = "<Password";
repl.Subscriber = "MySubscriber";
}
else
{
repl.LoadProperties();
}
IAsyncResult ar = repl.BeginSynchronize(
new AsyncCallback(this.SyncCompletedCallback),
new OnStartTableUpload(this.OnStartTableUploadCallback),
new OnStartTableDownload(this.OnStartTableDownloadCallback),
new OnSynchronization(this.OnSynchronizationCallback),
repl);
}
catch (SqlCeException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
public DateTime GetLastSuccessfulSyncTime()
{
DateTime localDateTime;
SqlCeConnection conn = null;
SqlCeCommand cmd = null;
try
{
conn = new SqlCeConnection("Data Source = Test.sdf");
conn.Open();
cmd = conn.CreateCommand();
cmd.CommandText = "SELECT LastSuccessfulSync FROM __sysMergeSubscriptions " +
"WHERE Publication=@publication";
cmd.Parameters.Add("@publication", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 4000);
cmd.Parameters["@publication"].Value = "AdventureWorksDW";
//Note: LastSuccessfulSync is stored in local time, not UTC time
localDateTime = (DateTime)cmd.ExecuteScalar();
return localDateTime;
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}
}
}
Public Class MyForm
Inherits Form
Private myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent As EventHandler
Private tableName As String
Private percentage As Integer
Private eventStatus As SyncStatus
Private repl As SqlCeReplication
Friend Enum SyncStatus
PercentComplete
BeginUpload
BeginDownload
SyncComplete
End Enum 'SyncStatus
Public Sub New()
' InitializeComponent();
Me.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent = New EventHandler(AddressOf UserInterfaceUpdateEvent)
End Sub 'New
Public Sub UserInterfaceUpdateEvent(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
Select Case Me.eventStatus
Case SyncStatus.BeginUpload
'this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Began uploading table : " & tableName;
Case SyncStatus.PercentComplete
'this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Sync with SQL Server is " & percentage.ToString() & "% complete.";
Case SyncStatus.BeginDownload
'this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Began downloading table : " & tableName;
Case SyncStatus.SyncComplete
'this.labelStatusValue.Text = "Synchronization has completed successfully";
'this.labelLastSyncValue.Text = GetLastSuccessfulSyncTime().ToString();
End Select
End Sub 'UserInterfaceUpdateEvent
Public Sub SyncCompletedCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
Try
Dim repl As SqlCeReplication = CType(ar.AsyncState, SqlCeReplication)
repl.EndSynchronize(ar)
repl.SaveProperties()
Me.eventStatus = SyncStatus.SyncComplete
Catch e As SqlCeException
MessageBox.Show(e.Message)
Finally
' NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
' method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
' the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
' application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
'
Me.Invoke(Me.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent)
End Try
End Sub 'SyncCompletedCallback
Public Sub OnStartTableUploadCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult, ByVal tableName As String)
Me.tableName = tableName
Me.eventStatus = SyncStatus.BeginUpload
' NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
' method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
' the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
' application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
'
Me.Invoke(Me.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent)
End Sub 'OnStartTableUploadCallback
Public Sub OnSynchronizationCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult, ByVal percentComplete As Integer)
Me.percentage = percentComplete
Me.eventStatus = SyncStatus.PercentComplete
' NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
' method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
' the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
' application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
'
Me.Invoke(Me.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent)
End Sub 'OnSynchronizationCallback
Public Sub OnStartTableDownloadCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult, ByVal tableName As String)
Me.tableName = tableName
Me.eventStatus = SyncStatus.BeginDownload
' NOTE: If you want to set Control properties from within this
' method, you must use Control.Invoke method to marshal
' the call to the UI thread; otherwise you might deadlock your
' application; See Control.Invoke documentation for more information
'
Me.Invoke(Me.myUserInterfaceUpdateEvent)
End Sub 'OnStartTableDownloadCallback
Private Sub ButtonSynchronize_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
Try
Me.repl = New SqlCeReplication()
repl.SubscriberConnectionString = "Data Source=Test.sdf"
If False = File.Exists("Test.sdf") Then
repl.AddSubscription(AddOption.CreateDatabase)
repl.PublisherSecurityMode = SecurityType.DBAuthentication
repl.Publisher = "MyPublisher"
repl.PublisherLogin = "PublisherLogin"
repl.PublisherPassword = "<Password>"
repl.PublisherDatabase = "AdventureWorksDW"
repl.Publication = "AdventureWorksDW"
repl.InternetUrl = "https://www.adventure-works.com/sqlmobile/sqlcesa30.dll"
repl.InternetLogin = "InternetLogin"
repl.InternetPassword = "<Password>"
repl.Subscriber = "MySubscriber"
Else
repl.LoadProperties()
End If
Dim ar As IAsyncResult = repl.BeginSynchronize( _
New AsyncCallback(AddressOf Me.SyncCompletedCallback), _
New OnStartTableUpload(AddressOf Me.OnStartTableUploadCallback), _
New OnStartTableDownload(AddressOf Me.OnStartTableDownloadCallback), _
New OnSynchronization(AddressOf Me.OnSynchronizationCallback), repl)
Catch ex As SqlCeException
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
End Try
End Sub 'ButtonSynchronize_Click
Public Function GetLastSuccessfulSyncTime() As DateTime
Dim localDateTime As DateTime
Dim conn As SqlCeConnection = Nothing
Dim cmd As SqlCeCommand = Nothing
Try
conn = New SqlCeConnection("Data Source = Test.sdf")
conn.Open()
cmd = conn.CreateCommand()
cmd.CommandText = "SELECT LastSuccessfulSync FROM __sysMergeSubscriptions " & _
"WHERE Publication=@publication"
cmd.Parameters.Add("@publication", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 4000)
cmd.Parameters("@publication").Value = "AdventureWorksDW"
'Note: LastSuccessfulSync is stored in local time, not UTC time
localDateTime = CType(cmd.ExecuteScalar(), DateTime)
Return localDateTime
Finally
conn.Close()
End Try
End Function 'GetLastSuccessfulSyncTime
End Class 'MyForm
Vedere anche
Concetti
Sincronizzazione di dati asincroni
Utilizzo della replica di tipo merge