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Reserved Keywords (Setup)

SQL Server uses reserved keywords to define, manipulate, and add databases. Reserved keywords are part of the Transact-SQL grammar that is used by SQL Server to parse and understand Transact-SQL statements and batches.

SQL Server instance names cannot match a reserved keyword. Use the following table to ensure that reserved keywords are not used in SQL Server instance names.

ADD

EXCEPT

PERCENT

ALL

EXEC

PLAN

ALTER

EXECUTE

PRECISION

AND

EXISTS

PRIMARY

ANY

EXIT

PRINT

AS

FETCH

PROC

ASC

FILE

PROCEDURE

AUTHORIZATION

FILLFACTOR

PUBLIC

BACKUP

FOR

RAISERROR

BEGIN

FOREIGN

READ

BETWEEN

FREETEXT

READTEXT

BREAK

FREETEXTTABLE

RECONFIGURE

BROWSE

FROM

REFERENCES

BULK

FULL

REPLICATION

BY

FUNCTION

RESTORE

CASCADE

GOTO

RESTRICT

CASE

GRANT

RETURN

CHECK

GROUP

REVOKE

CHECKPOINT

HAVING

RIGHT

CLOSE

HOLDLOCK

ROLLBACK

CLUSTERED

IDENTITY

ROWCOUNT

COALESCE

IDENTITY_INSERT

ROWGUIDCOL

COLLATE

IDENTITYCOL

RULE

COLUMN

IF

SAVE

COMMIT

IN

SCHEMA

COMPUTE

INDEX

SELECT

CONSTRAINT

INNER

SESSION_USER

CONTAINS

INSERT

SET

CONTAINSTABLE

INTERSECT

SETUSER

CONTINUE

INTO

SHUTDOWN

CONVERT

IS

SOME

CREATE

JOIN

STATISTICS

CROSS

KEY

SYSTEM_USER

CURRENT

KILL

TABLE

CURRENT_DATE

LEFT

TEXTSIZE

CURRENT_TIME

LIKE

THEN

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

LINENO

TO

CURRENT_USER

LOAD

TOP

CURSOR

NATIONAL

TRAN

DATABASE

NOCHECK

TRANSACTION

DBCC

NONCLUSTERED

TRIGGER

DEALLOCATE

NOT

TRUNCATE

DECLARE

NULL

TSEQUAL

DEFAULT

NULLIF

UNION

DELETE

OF

UNIQUE

DENY

OFF

UPDATE

DESC

OFFSETS

UPDATETEXT

DISK

ON

USE

DISTINCT

OPEN

USER

DISTRIBUTED

OPENDATASOURCE

VALUES

DOUBLE

OPENQUERY

VARYING

DROP

OPENROWSET

VIEW

DUMMY

OPENXML

WAITFOR

DUMP

OPTION

WHEN

ELSE

OR

WHERE

END

ORDER

WHILE

ERRLVL

OUTER

WITH

ESCAPE

OVER

WRITETEXT

Additionally, the ISO standard defines a list of reserved keywords. Avoid using ISO reserved keywords for object names and identifiers. The ODBC reserved keyword list, shown in the following table, is the same as the ISO reserved keyword list.

Nota

The ISO reserved keywords list sometimes can be more restrictive than SQL Server and at other times less restrictive. For example, the ISO reserved keywords list contains INT. SQL Server does not treat INT as a reserved keyword.

ODBC Reserved Keywords

The following words are reserved for use in ODBC function calls. These words do not constrain the minimum SQL grammar. However, to ensure compatibility with drivers that support the core SQL grammar, avoid using these keywords in SQL Server instance names.

ABSOLUTE

EXEC

OVERLAPS

ACTION

EXECUTE

PAD

ADA

EXISTS

PARTIAL

ADD

EXTERNAL

PASCAL

ALL

EXTRACT

POSITION

ALLOCATE

FALSE

PRECISION

ALTER

FETCH

PREPARE

AND

FIRST

PRESERVE

ANY

FLOAT

PRIMARY

ARE

FOR

PRIOR

AS

FOREIGN

PRIVILEGES

ASC

FORTRAN

PROCEDURE

ASSERTION

FOUND

PUBLIC

AT

FROM

READ

AUTHORIZATION

FULL

REAL

AVG

GET

REFERENCES

BEGIN

GLOBAL

RELATIVE

BETWEEN

GO

RESTRICT

BIT

GOTO

REVOKE

BIT_LENGTH

GRANT

RIGHT

BOTH

GROUP

ROLLBACK

BY

HAVING

ROWS

CASCADE

HOUR

SCHEMA

CASCADED

IDENTITY

SCROLL

CASE

IMMEDIATE

SECOND

CAST

IN

SECTION

CATALOG

INCLUDE

SELECT

CHAR

INDEX

SESSION

CHAR_LENGTH

INDICATOR

SESSION_USER

CHARACTER

INITIALLY

SET

CHARACTER_LENGTH

INNER

SIZE

CHECK

INPUT

SMALLINT

CLOSE

INSENSITIVE

SOME

COALESCE

INSERT

SPACE

COLLATE

INT

SQL

COLLATION

INTEGER

SQLCA

COLUMN

INTERSECT

SQLCODE

COMMIT

INTERVAL

SQLERROR

CONNECT

INTO

SQLSTATE

CONNECTION

IS

SQLWARNING

CONSTRAINT

ISOLATION

SUBSTRING

CONSTRAINTS

JOIN

SUM

CONTINUE

KEY

SYSTEM_USER

CONVERT

LANGUAGE

TABLE

CORRESPONDING

LAST

TEMPORARY

COUNT

LEADING

THEN

CREATE

LEFT

TIME

CROSS

LEVEL

TIMESTAMP

CURRENT

LIKE

TIMEZONE_HOUR

CURRENT_DATE

LOCAL

TIMEZONE_MINUTE

CURRENT_TIME

LOWER

TO

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

MATCH

TRAILING

CURRENT_USER

MAX

TRANSACTION

CURSOR

MIN

TRANSLATE

DATE

MINUTE

TRANSLATION

DAY

MODULE

TRIM

DEALLOCATE

MONTH

TRUE

DEC

NAMES

UNION

DECIMAL

NATIONAL

UNIQUE

DECLARE

NATURAL

UNKNOWN

DEFAULT

NCHAR

UPDATE

DEFERRABLE

NEXT

UPPER

DEFERRED

NO

USAGE

DELETE

NONE

USER

DESC

NOT

USING

DESCRIBE

NULL

VALUE

DESCRIPTOR

NULLIF

VALUES

DIAGNOSTICS

NUMERIC

VARCHAR

DISCONNECT

OCTET_LENGTH

VARYING

DISTINCT

OF

VIEW

DOMAIN

ON

WHEN

DOUBLE

ONLY

WHENEVER

DROP

OPEN

WHERE

ELSE

OPTION

WITH

END

OR

WORK

END-EXEC

ORDER

WRITE

ESCAPE

OUTER

YEAR

EXCEPT

OUTPUT

ZONE

EXCEPTION