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Chiamare SQLColumns su un tabella con colonne di tipo sparse

Si applica a: SQL Server database SQL di Azure Istanza gestita di SQL di Azure azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)

Questo esempio illustra come chiamare SQLColumns in una tabella con colonne di tipo sparse definite tramite ODBC in SQL Server Native Client.

Questo esempio non funziona con alcuna versione di SQL Server precedente a SQL Server 2008 (10.0.x).

Per altre informazioni sulla funzionalità colonne di tipo sparse, vedere Supporto colonne di tipo sparse in SQL Server Native Client.

Esempio

Il primo listato di codice rappresenta il codice sorgente C++. Modificare "MyServer" impostando un nome di server valido. Verificare che nella variabile di ambiente INCLUDE sia presente la directory che contiene sqlncli.h. Se questo esempio viene compilato ed eseguito come applicazione a 32 bit in un sistema operativo a 64 bit, è necessario creare l'origine dati ODBC con Amministratore ODBC in %windir%\SysWOW64\odbcad32.exe.

Questo esempio si connette all'istanza predefinita di SQL Server del computer. Per connettersi a un'istanza denominata, modificare la definizione dell'origine dati ODBC per specificare l'istanza in base al formato: server\istanzadenominata. Per impostazione predefinita, SQL Server Express viene installato in un'istanza denominata.

Eseguire la compilazione con /EHsc /D, "UNICODE" e odbc32.lib.

Il secondo listato di codice ( Transact-SQL) elimina la tabella creata da questo esempio.

// compile with: /EHsc /D "UNICODE" odbc32.lib  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <sqlext.h>  
  
#include <sqlncli.h>  
  
#define SUCCESS(x) (!((x) & 0xFFFE))  
  
#define CHKRC(stmt) rc = (stmt); \  
   if (!SUCCESS(rc)) \  
   throw (RETCODE) rc;  
  
void PrintError(SQLSMALLINT HandleType, SQLHANDLE Handle) {  
   RETCODE rc = SQL_SUCCESS;  
   SQLTCHAR szSqlState[6], szMessage[1024];  
   SQLSMALLINT i = 1, msgLen = 0;  
   SQLINTEGER NativeError;  
  
   do {  
      i = 1;  
      while (SQL_NO_DATA != (rc = SQLGetDiagRec(HandleType, Handle, i, szSqlState, &NativeError,   
         szMessage, sizeof(szMessage)/sizeof(SQLTCHAR), &msgLen)) && SUCCESS(rc)) {  
            wprintf(L"SQLState=%s, NativeError=%ld, Message=%s\r\n", szSqlState, NativeError, szMessage);  
            i++;  
      }  
   }   
   while (SQL_NO_DATA != (rc = SQLMoreResults(Handle)) && SUCCESS(rc));  
}  
  
#define STR_LEN 128 + 1  
#define REM_LEN 254 + 1  
  
void ProcessSQLColumnsResult(SQLHSTMT hstmt) {  
   SQLCHAR szSchema[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szCatalog[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szColumnName[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szTableName[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szTypeName[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szRemarks[REM_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szColumnDefault[STR_LEN];  
   SQLCHAR szIsNullable[STR_LEN];  
  
   SQLINTEGER ColumnSize;  
   SQLINTEGER BufferLength;  
   SQLINTEGER CharOctetLength;  
   SQLINTEGER OrdinalPosition;  
  
   SQLSMALLINT DataType;  
   SQLSMALLINT DecimalDigits;  
   SQLSMALLINT NumPrecRadix;  
   SQLSMALLINT Nullable;  
   SQLSMALLINT SQLDataType;  
   SQLSMALLINT DatetimeSubtypeCode;  
   SQLLEN cbCatalog;  
   SQLLEN cbSchema;  
   SQLLEN cbTableName;  
   SQLLEN cbColumnName;  
   SQLLEN cbDataType;  
   SQLLEN cbTypeName;  
   SQLLEN cbColumnSize;  
   SQLLEN cbBufferLength;  
   SQLLEN cbDecimalDigits;  
   SQLLEN cbNumPrecRadix;  
   SQLLEN cbNullable;  
   SQLLEN cbRemarks;  
   SQLLEN cbColumnDefault;  
   SQLLEN cbSQLDataType;  
   SQLLEN cbDatetimeSubtypeCode;  
   SQLLEN cbCharOctetLength;  
   SQLLEN cbOrdinalPosition;  
   SQLLEN cbIsNullable;  
  
   SQLRETURN rc = SQL_SUCCESS;  
  
   CHKRC(SQLColumns(hstmt, L"tempdb", SQL_NTS, L"dbo", SQL_NTS, L"tbl_sparse_test", SQL_NTS, NULL, 0 ));  
  
   // Bind columns in result set to buffers  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 1,  SQL_C_CHAR,   szCatalog,              STR_LEN,    &cbCatalog);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 2,  SQL_C_CHAR,   szSchema,               STR_LEN,    &cbSchema);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 3,  SQL_C_CHAR,   szTableName,            STR_LEN,    &cbTableName);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 4,  SQL_C_CHAR,   szColumnName,           STR_LEN,    &cbColumnName);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 5,  SQL_C_SSHORT, &DataType,              0,          &cbDataType);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 6,  SQL_C_CHAR,   szTypeName,             STR_LEN,    &cbTypeName);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 7,  SQL_C_SLONG,  &ColumnSize,            0,          &cbColumnSize);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 8,  SQL_C_SLONG,  &BufferLength,          0,          &cbBufferLength);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 9,  SQL_C_SSHORT, &DecimalDigits,         0,          &cbDecimalDigits);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 10, SQL_C_SSHORT, &NumPrecRadix,          0,          &cbNumPrecRadix);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 11, SQL_C_SSHORT, &Nullable,              0,          &cbNullable);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 12, SQL_C_CHAR,   szRemarks,              REM_LEN,    &cbRemarks);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 13, SQL_C_CHAR,   szColumnDefault,        STR_LEN,    &cbColumnDefault);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 14, SQL_C_SSHORT, &SQLDataType,           0,          &cbSQLDataType);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 15, SQL_C_SSHORT, &DatetimeSubtypeCode,   0,          &cbDatetimeSubtypeCode);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 16, SQL_C_SLONG,  &CharOctetLength,       0,          &cbCharOctetLength);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 17, SQL_C_SLONG,  &OrdinalPosition,       0,          &cbOrdinalPosition);  
   SQLBindCol(hstmt, 18, SQL_C_CHAR,   szIsNullable,           STR_LEN,    &cbIsNullable);  
  
   try {  
      while (SQL_SUCCESS == rc) {  
         CHKRC(SQLFetch(hstmt));  
         wprintf(L"Column name: %hs\tIsNullable: %hs\tType: %hs\n", szColumnName, szIsNullable, szTypeName);  
      }  
   }  
   catch (RETCODE retcode) {  
      if (SQL_NO_DATA != retcode)  
         throw retcode;  
   }  
   SQLFreeStmt(hstmt, SQL_CLOSE);  
}  
  
int main() {  
   RETCODE rc = SQL_SUCCESS;  
   HENV henv = SQL_NULL_HENV;  
   HDBC hdbc = SQL_NULL_HDBC;  
   SQLHSTMT hstmt = SQL_NULL_HSTMT;  
   SQLTCHAR * pszConnection = L"DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 10.0}; Server=MyServer; Trusted_Connection=Yes;";  
  
   try {  
      CHKRC(SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, SQL_NULL_HENV, &henv));  
      CHKRC(SQLSetEnvAttr(henv, SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_OV_ODBC3, 0));  
      CHKRC(SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, henv, &hdbc));  
      CHKRC(SQLDriverConnect( hdbc, NULL, pszConnection, SQL_NTS, NULL, 0, NULL, SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT));  
      CHKRC(SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hdbc, &hstmt));  
      CHKRC(SQLExecDirect(hstmt,  
         L"if object_id('tempdb.dbo.tbl_sparse_test','U') is not null drop table tempdb.dbo.tbl_sparse_test",  
         SQL_NTS));  
  
      // Create a new table  
      CHKRC(SQLExecDirect(hstmt,  
         L"create table tempdb.dbo.tbl_sparse_test (col1 int SPARSE, col2 int, col3 XML column_set for all_sparse_columns)",  
         SQL_NTS));  
  
      // Insert a row into the table  
      CHKRC(SQLExecDirect(hstmt,  
         L"insert tempdb.dbo.tbl_sparse_test (col1, col2) values (1,2)",  
         SQL_NTS));  
  
      wprintf(L"Checking default SQLColumns behavior.\nYou should not see the first sparse column.\n");  
  
      ProcessSQLColumnsResult(hstmt);  
  
      wprintf(L"\nChecking SQLColumns with the statement attribute SQL_SS_NAME_SCOPE_EXTENDED.\nYou should see all the columns\n");  
      CHKRC(SQLSetStmtAttr(hstmt, SQL_SOPT_SS_NAME_SCOPE, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_SS_NAME_SCOPE_EXTENDED, SQL_IS_SMALLINT));  
  
      ProcessSQLColumnsResult(hstmt);  
  
      wprintf(L"\nChecking SQLColumns with the statement attribute SQL_SS_NAME_SCOPE_SPARSE_COLUMN_SET.\nYou should see only the sparse columns\n");  
      CHKRC(SQLSetStmtAttr(hstmt, SQL_SOPT_SS_NAME_SCOPE, (SQLPOINTER)SQL_SS_NAME_SCOPE_SPARSE_COLUMN_SET, SQL_IS_SMALLINT));  
  
      ProcessSQLColumnsResult(hstmt);  
  
   }  
   catch (RETCODE retcode) {  
      rc = retcode;  
   }  
  
   if (!SUCCESS(rc)) {  
      if (hstmt)  
         PrintError(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);  
      else if (hdbc)  
         PrintError(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);  
      else if(henv)  
         PrintError(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);  
   }  
  
   if (hstmt)  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, hstmt);  
   if (hdbc) {  
      SQLDisconnect(hdbc);  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_DBC, hdbc);  
   }  
   if (henv)  
      SQLFreeHandle(SQL_HANDLE_ENV, henv);  
}  
use tempdb  
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'tbl_sparse_test')  
     DROP TABLE tbl_sparse_test  
GO