4 - .NET 検索コードを調べる

前のレッスンでは、静的 Web アプリに検索を追加しました。 このレッスンでは、統合を確立するための基本的な手順について説明します。 この記事では、検索を Web アプリに統合する方法に関するチート シートをお探しの場合に知っておく必要があることについて説明します。

アプリケーションは利用可能です。

• サンプル
• デモ Web サイト - aka.ms/azs-good-books

Azure SDK Azure.Search.Documents

関数アプリでは、Azure SDK for Azure AI Search を使用します。

• NuGet: Azure.Search.Documents
• リファレンス ドキュメント: クライアント ライブラリ

関数アプリは、リソース名、リソース キー、およびインデックス名を使用して、SDK を通じてクラウドベースの Azure AI Search API に対して認証を行います。 シークレットは静的 Web アプリの設定に格納されており、環境変数として関数に取り込まれます。

local.settings.json ファイルでシークレットを構成する

{
  "IsEncrypted": false,
  "Values": {
    "AzureWebJobsStorage": "",
    "FUNCTIONS_WORKER_RUNTIME": "dotnet-isolated",
    "SearchApiKey": "",
    "SearchServiceName": "",
    "SearchIndexName": "good-books"
  },
  "Host": {
    "CORS": "*"
  }
}

Azure 関数: カタログを検索する

SearchAPI は検索語句を受け取り、検索インデックス内のドキュメントで検索して、一致項目の一覧を返します。

Azure 関数は、検索の構成情報を取り込んで、クエリを実行します。

using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using WebSearch.Models;
using SearchFilter = WebSearch.Models.SearchFilter;

namespace WebSearch.Function
{
    public class Search
    {
        private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";

        private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;

        public Search(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [Function("search")]
        public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post")] HttpRequestData req, 
            FunctionContext executionContext)
        {
            string requestBody = await new StreamReader(req.Body).ReadToEndAsync();
            var data = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RequestBodySearch>(requestBody);

            // Azure AI Search 
            Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");

            SearchClient searchClient = new(
                serviceEndpoint,
                searchIndexName,
                new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
            );

            SearchOptions options = new()

            {
                Size = data.Size,
                Skip = data.Skip,
                IncludeTotalCount = true,
                Filter = CreateFilterExpression(data.Filters)
            };
            options.Facets.Add("authors");
            options.Facets.Add("language_code");

            SearchResults<SearchDocument> searchResults = searchClient.Search<SearchDocument>(data.SearchText, options);

            var facetOutput = new Dictionary<string, IList<FacetValue>>();
            foreach (var facetResult in searchResults.Facets)
            {
                facetOutput[facetResult.Key] = facetResult.Value
                           .Select(x => new FacetValue { value = x.Value.ToString(), count = x.Count })

                           .ToList();
            }

            // Data to return 
            var output = new SearchOutput
            {
                Count = searchResults.TotalCount,
                Results = searchResults.GetResults().ToList(),
                Facets = facetOutput
            };
            
            var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);

            // Serialize data
            var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
                new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
            await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(output, serializer);

            return response;
        }

        public static string CreateFilterExpression(List<SearchFilter> filters)
        {
            if (filters is null or { Count: <= 0 })
            {
                return null;
            }

            List<string> filterExpressions = new();


            List<SearchFilter> authorFilters = filters.Where(f => f.field == "authors").ToList();
            List<SearchFilter> languageFilters = filters.Where(f => f.field == "language_code").ToList();

            List<string> authorFilterValues = authorFilters.Select(f => f.value).ToList();

            if (authorFilterValues.Count > 0)
            {
                string filterStr = string.Join(",", authorFilterValues);
                filterExpressions.Add($"{"authors"}/any(t: search.in(t, '{filterStr}', ','))");
            }

            List<string> languageFilterValues = languageFilters.Select(f => f.value).ToList();
            foreach (var value in languageFilterValues)
            {
                filterExpressions.Add($"language_code eq '{value}'");
            }

            return string.Join(" and ", filterExpressions);
        }
    }
}

クライアント: カタログから検索する

次のコードを使用して、React クライアントで Azure 関数を呼び出します。

import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import CircularProgress  from '@mui/material/CircularProgress';
import { useLocation, useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

import Results from '../../components/Results/Results';
import Pager from '../../components/Pager/Pager';
import Facets from '../../components/Facets/Facets';
import SearchBar from '../../components/SearchBar/SearchBar';

import "./Search.css";

export default function Search() {
  
  let location = useLocation();
  const navigate = useNavigate();
  
  const [ results, setResults ] = useState([]);
  const [ resultCount, setResultCount ] = useState(0);
  const [ currentPage, setCurrentPage ] = useState(1);
  const [ q, setQ ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('q') ?? "*");
  const [ top ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('top') ?? 8);
  const [ skip, setSkip ] = useState(new URLSearchParams(location.search).get('skip') ?? 0);
  const [ filters, setFilters ] = useState([]);
  const [ facets, setFacets ] = useState({});
  const [ isLoading, setIsLoading ] = useState(true);

  let resultsPerPage = top;
  
  useEffect(() => {
    setIsLoading(true);
    setSkip((currentPage-1) * top);
    const body = {
      q: q,
      top: top,
      skip: skip,
      filters: filters
    };

    axios.post( '/api/search', body)
      .then(response => {
            console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
            setResults(response.data.results);
            setFacets(response.data.facets);
            setResultCount(response.data.count);
            setIsLoading(false);
        } )
        .catch(error => {
            console.log(error);
            setIsLoading(false);
        });
    
  }, [q, top, skip, filters, currentPage]);

  // pushing the new search term to history when q is updated
  // allows the back button to work as expected when coming back from the details page
  useEffect(() => {
    navigate('/search?q=' + q);  
    setCurrentPage(1);
    setFilters([]);
    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
  }, [q]);


  let postSearchHandler = (searchTerm) => {
    //console.log(searchTerm);
    setQ(searchTerm);
  }

  var body;
  if (isLoading) {
    body = (
      <div className="col-md-9">
        <CircularProgress />
      </div>);
  } else {
    body = (
      <div className="col-md-9">
        <Results documents={results} top={top} skip={skip} count={resultCount}></Results>
        <Pager className="pager-style" currentPage={currentPage} resultCount={resultCount} resultsPerPage={resultsPerPage} setCurrentPage={setCurrentPage}></Pager>
      </div>
    )
  }

  return (
    <main className="main main--search container-fluid">
      
      <div className="row">
        <div className="col-md-3">
          <div className="search-bar">
            <SearchBar postSearchHandler={postSearchHandler} q={q}></SearchBar>
          </div>
          <Facets facets={facets} filters={filters} setFilters={setFilters}></Facets>
        </div>
        {body}
      </div>
    </main>
  );
}

Azure 関数: カタログからの検索候補

SuggestAPI は、ユーザーが入力している間は検索語句を受け取り、検索インデックス内のドキュメントに含まれる書籍のタイトルや著者名などの検索候補を提示して、一致する小さな一覧を返します。

検索 suggester、sg は、一括アップロードの際に使用されるスキーマ ファイルに定義されています。

using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using WebSearch.Models;

namespace WebSearch.Function
{
    public class Suggest
    {
        private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";

        private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;

        public Suggest(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [Function("suggest")]
        public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post")] HttpRequestData req, 
            FunctionContext executionContext)
        {
            // Get Document Id
            string requestBody = await new StreamReader(req.Body).ReadToEndAsync();
            var data = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RequestBodySuggest>(requestBody);

            // Azure AI Search 
            Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");

            SearchClient searchClient = new(

                serviceEndpoint,
                searchIndexName,
                new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
            );

            SuggestOptions options = new()

            {
                Size = data.Size
            };

            var suggesterResponse = await searchClient.SuggestAsync<BookModel>(data.SearchText, data.SuggesterName, options);
            
            // Data to return
            var searchSuggestions = new Dictionary<string, List<SearchSuggestion<BookModel>>>
            {
                ["suggestions"] = suggesterResponse.Value.Results.ToList()
            };

            var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);

            // Serialize data
            var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
                new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
            await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(searchSuggestions, serializer);
            
            return response;
        }
    }
}

クライアント: カタログからの検索候補

Suggest 関数 API は、コンポーネント初期化の一部として、React アプリの中で \client\src\components\SearchBar\SearchBar.js で呼び出されます。

import React, {useState, useEffect} from 'react';
import axios from 'axios';
import Suggestions from './Suggestions/Suggestions';

import "./SearchBar.css";

export default function SearchBar(props) {

    let [q, setQ] = useState("");
    let [suggestions, setSuggestions] = useState([]);
    let [showSuggestions, setShowSuggestions] = useState(false);

    const onSearchHandler = () => {
        props.postSearchHandler(q);
        setShowSuggestions(false);
    }

    const suggestionClickHandler = (s) => {
        document.getElementById("search-box").value = s;
        setShowSuggestions(false);
        props.postSearchHandler(s);    
    }

    const onEnterButton = (event) => {
        if (event.keyCode === 13) {
            onSearchHandler();
        }
    }

    const onChangeHandler = () => {
        var searchTerm = document.getElementById("search-box").value;
        setShowSuggestions(true);
        setQ(searchTerm);

        // use this prop if you want to make the search more reactive
        if (props.searchChangeHandler) {
            props.searchChangeHandler(searchTerm);
        }
    }

    useEffect(_ =>{
        const timer = setTimeout(() => {
            const body = {
                q: q,
                top: 5,
                suggester: 'sg'
            };

            if (q === '') {
                setSuggestions([]);
            } else {
                axios.post( '/api/suggest', body)
                .then(response => {
                    console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
                    setSuggestions(response.data.suggestions);
                } )
                .catch(error => {
                    console.log(error);
                    setSuggestions([]);
                });
            }
        }, 300);
        return () => clearTimeout(timer);
    }, [q, props]);

    var suggestionDiv;
    if (showSuggestions) {
        suggestionDiv = (<Suggestions suggestions={suggestions} suggestionClickHandler={(s) => suggestionClickHandler(s)}></Suggestions>);
    } else {
        suggestionDiv = (<div></div>);
    }

    return (
        <div >
            <div className="input-group" onKeyDown={e => onEnterButton(e)}>
                <div className="suggestions" >
                    <input 
                        autoComplete="off" // setting for browsers; not the app
                        type="text" 
                        id="search-box" 
                        className="form-control rounded-0" 
                        placeholder="What are you looking for?" 
                        onChange={onChangeHandler} 
                        defaultValue={props.q}
                        onBlur={() => setShowSuggestions(false)}
                        onClick={() => setShowSuggestions(true)}>
                    </input>
                    {suggestionDiv}
                </div>
                <div className="input-group-btn">
                    <button className="btn btn-primary rounded-0" type="submit" onClick={onSearchHandler}>
                        Search
                    </button>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    );
};

Azure 関数: 特定のドキュメントを取得する

LookupAPI は ID を取り、検索インデックスからドキュメント オブジェクトを返します。

using Azure;
using Azure.Core.Serialization;
using Azure.Search.Documents;
using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;
using WebSearch.Models;

namespace WebSearch.Function
{
    public class Lookup
    {
        private static string searchApiKey = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchApiKey", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchServiceName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchServiceName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
        private static string searchIndexName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SearchIndexName", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process) ?? "good-books";

        private readonly ILogger<Lookup> _logger;

        public Lookup(ILogger<Lookup> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }


        [Function("lookup")]
        public async Task<HttpResponseData> RunAsync(
            [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", "post")] HttpRequestData req, 
            FunctionContext executionContext)
        {

            // Get Document Id
            var query = System.Web.HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(req.Url.Query);
            string documentId = query["id"].ToString();

            // Azure AI Search 
            Uri serviceEndpoint = new($"https://{searchServiceName}.search.windows.net/");

            SearchClient searchClient = new(

                serviceEndpoint,
                searchIndexName,
                new AzureKeyCredential(searchApiKey)
            );

            var getDocumentResponse = await searchClient.GetDocumentAsync<SearchDocument>(documentId);

            // Data to return 
            var output = new LookupOutput
            {
                Document = getDocumentResponse.Value
            };

            var response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Found);
            response.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");

            // Serialize data
            var serializer = new JsonObjectSerializer(
                new JsonSerializerOptions(JsonSerializerDefaults.Web));
            await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(output, serializer);

            return response;
        }
    }
}

クライアント: 特定のドキュメントを取得する

この関数 API は、コンポーネント初期化の一部として、React アプリの中で \client\src\pages\Details\Detail.js で呼び出されます。

import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useParams } from 'react-router-dom';
import Rating from '@mui/material/Rating';
import CircularProgress from '@mui/material/CircularProgress';
import axios from 'axios';

import "./Details.css";

export default function Details() {

  let { id } = useParams();
  const [document, setDocument] = useState({});
  const [selectedTab, setTab] = useState(0);
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    setIsLoading(true);
    // console.log(id);
    axios.get('/api/lookup?id=' + id)
      .then(response => {
        console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data))
        const doc = response.data.document;
        setDocument(doc);
        setIsLoading(false);
      })
      .catch(error => {
        console.log(error);
        setIsLoading(false);
      });

  }, [id]);

  // View default is loading with no active tab
  let detailsBody = (<CircularProgress />),
      resultStyle = "nav-link",
      rawStyle    = "nav-link";

  if (!isLoading && document) {
    // View result
    if (selectedTab === 0) {
      resultStyle += " active";
      detailsBody = (
        <div className="card-body">
          <h5 className="card-title">{document.original_title}</h5>
          <img className="image" src={document.image_url} alt="Book cover"></img>
          <p className="card-text">{document.authors?.join('; ')} - {document.original_publication_year}</p>
          <p className="card-text">ISBN {document.isbn}</p>
          <Rating name="half-rating-read" value={parseInt(document.average_rating)} precision={0.1} readOnly></Rating>
          <p className="card-text">{document.ratings_count} Ratings</p>
        </div>
      );
    }

    // View raw data
    else {
      rawStyle += " active";
      detailsBody = (
        <div className="card-body text-left">
          <pre><code>
            {JSON.stringify(document, null, 2)}
          </code></pre>
        </div>
      );
    }
  }

  return (
    <main className="main main--details container fluid">
      <div className="card text-center result-container">
        <div className="card-header">
          <ul className="nav nav-tabs card-header-tabs">
              <li className="nav-item"><button className={resultStyle} onClick={() => setTab(0)}>Result</button></li>
              <li className="nav-item"><button className={rawStyle} onClick={() => setTab(1)}>Raw Data</button></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        {detailsBody}
      </div>
    </main>
  );
}

関数アプリをサポートする C# モデル

以下のモデルは、このアプリで関数をサポートするために使用されます。

using Azure.Search.Documents.Models;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;

namespace WebSearch.Models
{
    public class RequestBodyLookUp
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }

    public class RequestBodySuggest
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("q")]
        public string SearchText { get; set; }

        [JsonPropertyName("top")]
        public int Size { get; set; }

        [JsonPropertyName("suggester")]
        public string SuggesterName { get; set; }
    }

    public class RequestBodySearch
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("q")]
        public string SearchText { get; set; }

        [JsonPropertyName("skip")]
        public int Skip { get; set; }

        [JsonPropertyName("top")]
        public int Size { get; set; }

        [JsonPropertyName("filters")]
        public List<SearchFilter> Filters { get; set; }
    }

    public class SearchFilter
    {
        public string field { get; set; }
        public string value { get; set; }
    }

    public class FacetValue
    {
        public string value { get; set; }
        public long? count { get; set; }
    }

    class SearchOutput
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("count")]
        public long? Count { get; set; }
        [JsonPropertyName("results")]
        public List<SearchResult<SearchDocument>> Results { get; set; }
        [JsonPropertyName("facets")]
        public Dictionary<String, IList<FacetValue>> Facets { get; set; }
    }
    class LookupOutput
    {
        [JsonPropertyName("document")]
        public SearchDocument Document { get; set; }
    }
    public class BookModel
    {
        public string id { get; set; }
        public decimal? goodreads_book_id { get; set; }
        public decimal? best_book_id { get; set; }
        public decimal? work_id { get; set; }
        public decimal? books_count { get; set; }
        public string isbn { get; set; }
        public string isbn13 { get; set; }
        public string[] authors { get; set; }
        public decimal? original_publication_year { get; set; }
        public string original_title { get; set; }
        public string title { get; set; }
        public string language_code { get; set; }
        public double? average_rating { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_count { get; set; }
        public decimal? work_ratings_count { get; set; }
        public decimal? work_text_reviews_count { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_1 { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_2 { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_3 { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_4 { get; set; }
        public decimal? ratings_5 { get; set; }
        public string image_url { get; set; }
        public string small_image_url { get; set; }
    }
}

次のステップ

• Azure SQL データのインデックスを作成する