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Upgrading permissions sets and permissions

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Business Central 2021 release wave 1 (v18) introduced a new model for permissions. In previous versions, permission sets and permissions are defined only as data, which means they're stored in the tables of the application and tenant databases. Permission sets and permissions can now be defined in AL code. They're created by using the permissionset and permissionsetextension objects in AL code, then packaged in extensions. See Entitlements and Permissions to learn more.

This change has implications on upgrade from versions earlier than version 18. Or, if you're upgrading a version 18 that still uses the legacy databased permission sets, and you upgrade permission sets that are based on Microsoft permission sets to the latest changes. These implications are discussed in this article.

Overview

Permissions as AL objects is now the default model in Business Central. You'll see this change, for example, if you install v18 or v19 demonstration database. If you view the permissions-related tables in the database, like the Permission Set and Permission tables, you'll notice that tables are almost empty.

Although it's recommended to transition to permissions defined as AL objects, you can choose to continue using the legacy databased permissions model. You specify which permissions model your solution uses by changing Business Central Server setting called Use Permission Sets From Extensions.

When upgrading from a previous version, decide which model you want to use. Then, follow the appropriate instructions in the next sections.

Start using permission sets defined as AL objects

If you've customized Microsoft permission sets, it's important to know what you've changed in these permission sets. Knowing these changes will let you reimplement the permission sets as new AL permission set objects or permission set extension objects.

  1. Determine what customizations you made to Microsoft permission sets.

    You identify the customizations by comparing the old permission sets with the new permission sets. There are two ways to compare the permission sets:

    Compare as XML

    1. From your old Business Central version, export the customized Microsoft permissions sets to XML.
    2. Connect to a demonstration database of previous version, then export the Microsoft permission sets to XML.
    3. Compare the XML files.

    Compare as AL objects

    Business Central Server provides a Windows PowerShell script that converts databased permission sets to AL objects.

    1. Go to Business Central Tech Samples on GitHub.

    2. Download the PowerShell script called Convert-PermissionSets.psm1 to a folder on your computer.

    3. Create a folder where you want to store the converted permission sets.

    4. Start Windows PowerShell as an administrator.

    5. From the command prompt, run the following command import the Convert-PermissionSets.psm1:

      Import-Module -name "C:\folderpath\Convert-PermissionSets.psm1"

      Replace C:\folderpath\ with the folder path to the file.

    6. Run the Convert-PermissionSets cmdlet to export permission sets from the current Business Central database to AL permission set object files:

      Convert-PermissionSets -DatabaseServer server_name -DatabaseName BC_database -Destination "C:\permission_sets_folder"

      Replace:

      • server_name with the name of the SQL Server computer, like localhost if the server is on the computer you're working with.
      • BC_database with the name of the Business Central application database.
      • C:\permission_sets_folder with the path to the folder where you want to store the converted permission sets

      This command creates a separate AL file for each permission set. The file names have the format name.permissionset.al.

    7. Compare the exported AL permission set files with permission set files from the version 18 to determine the differences.

      You'll find the new AL permission set files are on the installation media (DVD) in the Applications\BaseApp\Source\Base Application.Source.zip\Permissions folder.

    Now you have the list of changes that you made compared to the version 18 permission sets from Microsoft.

  2. Create new AL objects for permissions sets based on the change list.

    Use the following table as a guide.

    If the change Then See...
    Only added new permissions to an existing permission set Create an AL permission set extension object with the added permissions. Permission Set Extension Object
    Removed or changed permissions in a permission set For these type of changes, you'll create an AL permission set object.
    1. Make a copy of version 18 or version 19 AL permission set file.
    2. Modify the copy to include the customizations you want.
    		 Permission Set Object

  3. Create an AL project for version 18. Include the permission set files that you created in step 2 and other custom permission sets generated in step 1.6.

  4. Compile and build the extension package.

  5. Upgrade your Business Central to version 18 or 19.

    Important

    If you have a multitenant deployment, when you mount tenants, give tenants permission to write to the application database.

  6. Publish and install the extension on your version 18 deployment.

Continue using the permission sets defined as data

Note

The capability to use permission sets defined as data has been deprecated and will be removed in an upcoming release. For more information, see Deprecated Features in W1.

Your application can use permission sets from various sources, like Microsoft, partners, extensions, and user-defined permission sets. When you upgrade, the existing permission sets and permissions stored as data aren't affected during upgrade. They'll exist as before in the database, even after upgrade. If you have customized Microsoft permission sets, you'll probably want to keep them up to date with the latest from Business Central.

  1. From the old Business Central version, open the Permissions Sets page and export the System permission sets as XML to a file.

    You can export all permission sets. But you're mostly interested in the Microsoft permission sets and custom permission sets based on Microsoft permission sets.

    Important

    If you're upgrading the application, either exclude the SUPER permission set when exporting or be sure to remove it later from the XML file that you'll import. You can't replace or modify the SUPER permission set. If you're doing a technical upgrade, you'll have to include the SUPER permission set.

    For more information, see To export and import a permission set.

  2. Install the new Business Central version that you're upgrading to with the demonstration database.

  3. From the client client, open the Permissions Sets page, and export the System permission sets to a file.

  4. Using a file comparison tool, compare the to XML files and merge the necessary changes into a single XML file.

    Now you have upgraded permissions as XML.

  5. Upgrade your Business Central to version 18 or 19.

    Important

    If you have a multitenant deployment, make sure the tenants are allowed to write to application database.

  6. If not already done during upgrade, set the UsePermissionSetsFromExtensions parameter of Business Central Server instance for the new version to false.

    Note

    Restart the Business Central Server instance.

  7. From the client, open the Permissions Sets page, and import the permission sets from the newly created XML file.

Upgrading to Business Central
Upgrading Extensions