Directory.GetParent メソッド

絶対パスと相対パスの両方を含む指定したパスの親ディレクトリを取得します。

Public Shared Function GetParent( _
   ByVal path As String _) As DirectoryInfo
[C#]
public static DirectoryInfo GetParent(stringpath);
[C++]
public: static DirectoryInfo* GetParent(String* path);
[JScript]
public static function GetParent(
   path : String) : DirectoryInfo;

パラメータ

• path
  親ディレクトリを取得する対象のパス。

戻り値

path が UNC サーバーや共有名のルートを含むルート ディレクトリの場合は、親ディレクトリまたは null 参照 (Visual Basic では Nothing) 。

例外

例外の種類	条件
IOException	path で指定したディレクトリは読み取り専用です。
UnauthorizedAccessException	呼び出し元に、必要なアクセス許可がありません。
ArgumentException	path が、長さが 0 の文字列であるか、空白しか含んでいないか、または InvalidPathChars で定義されている無効な文字を 1 つ以上含んでいます。
ArgumentNullException	path が null 参照 (Visual Basic では Nothing) です。
PathTooLongException	指定したパス、ファイル名、またはその両方がシステム定義の最大長を超えています。たとえば、Windows ベースのプラットフォームの場合、パスの長さは 248 文字未満、ファイル名の長さは 260 文字未満である必要があります。
DirectoryNotFoundException	指定したパスが見つかりませんでした。

解説

path パラメータは、相対パス情報または絶対パス情報を指定することを許可されています。相対パス情報は、現在の作業ディレクトリに対して相対的に解釈されます。現在の作業ディレクトリを取得するには、 GetCurrentDirectory のトピックを参照してください。

path パラメータでは大文字と小文字が区別されません。

このメソッドの使用例については、以下の「使用例」を参照してください。その他の一般的な I/O タスクまたは関連する I/O タスクの例を次の表に示します。

実行するタスク	参考例があるトピック
ディレクトリをコピーする。	Directory
ディレクトリの名前を変更、またはディレクトリを移動する。	Directory.Move DirectoryInfo.MoveTo
ディレクトリを削除する。	Directory.Delete DirectoryInfo.Delete
ディレクトリを作成する。	CreateDirectory Directory
サブディレクトリを作成する。	CreateSubdirectory
ディレクトリ内のファイルを参照する。	Name
ディレクトリ内のサブディレクトリを参照する。	GetDirectories GetDirectories
ディレクトリ内のすべてのサブディレクトリにあるすべてのファイルを参照する。	GetFileSystemInfos
ディレクトリのサイズを取得する。	Directory
ファイルが存在するかどうかを判別する。	Exists
ディレクトリ内のファイルをサイズ順に並べ替える。	GetFileSystemInfos
ディレクトリが存在するかどうかを判別する。	Exists

使用例

 
Option Explicit On 
Option Strict On

Imports System

Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
    Class Class1
        Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
            Dim snippets As New Class1()
            Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
            Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
            snippets.GetParent(path)
            snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
        End Sub 'Main

        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
                                   ByVal pattern As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                ' path that match the pattern.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = _
                   System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub

        ' Print out all logical drives on the system.
        Sub GetLogicalDrives()
            Try
                Dim drives As String()
                drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In drives
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
                directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                     "contains only white spaces, or " + _
                                     "contains invalid characters.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
            Try
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
                                        "directory to a different " + _
                                        "volume, or destDirName " + _
                                        "already exists.")
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace


[C#] 
using System;

namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
    class Class1 
    {
        static void Main(string[] args) 
        {
            Class1 snippets = new Class1();

            string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            string filter = "*.exe";

            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);        
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
            snippets.GetParent(path);
            snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
        }

        
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path) 
        {
            
            try 
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path); 

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries) 
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " + 
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + 
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern) 
        {
            try 
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                // path that match the pattern.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern); 

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries) 
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " + 
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + 
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }

        // Print out all logical drives on the system.
        void GetLogicalDrives() 
        {
            try 
            {
                string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();

                foreach (string str in drives) 
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
        }
        void GetParent(string path) 
        {
            try 
            {
                System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);

                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, or " +
                    "contains invalid characters.");
            }
        }
        void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath) 
        {
            try 
            {
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " + 
                    "or contains invalid characters.");    
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException) 
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
                    "directory to a different " +
                    "volume, or destDirName " +
                    "already exists."); 
            }
        }
    }
}

[C++] 
#using <mscorlib.dll>
using namespace System;

class Class1 {
public:
        
    void PrintFileSystemEntries(String * path) {
        
    try {
            // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
            String * directoryEntries[] =
                System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries(path); 
            
            for (int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++)
            {
                System::Console::WriteLine(directoryEntries[i]);
            }
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
        }
        catch (System::Security::SecurityException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The caller does not have the \
                        required permission.");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is an empty String, \
                        contains only white spaces, \
                        or contains invalid characters.");
        }
        catch (System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the \
                        Directory object does not exist.");
        }
    }
    void PrintFileSystemEntries(String *path, String *pattern) {
        try {
            // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
            // path that match the pattern.
            String * directoryEntries[] =
                System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern); 

            for (int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++)
            {
                System::Console::WriteLine(directoryEntries[i]);
            }
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
        }
        catch (System::Security::SecurityException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The caller does not have the \
                        required permission.");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is an empty String, \
                        contains only white spaces, \
                        or contains invalid characters.");
        }
        catch (System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the \
                        Directory object does not exist.");
        }
    }

    // Print out all logical drives on the system.
    void GetLogicalDrives() {
            try {
                String * drives[] = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();

            for (int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++)
            {
                System::Console::WriteLine(drives[i]);
            }
        }
        catch (System::IO::IOException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
        }
        catch (System::Security::SecurityException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The caller does not have the \
                        required permission.");
        }
    }
    void GetParent(String *path) {
        try {
            System::IO::DirectoryInfo * directoryInfo =
                System::IO::Directory::GetParent(path);

            System::Console::WriteLine(directoryInfo->FullName);
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is an empty String, \
                        contains only white spaces, or \
                        contains invalid characters.");
        }
    }
    void Move(String *sourcePath, String *destinationPath) {
        try {
            System::IO::Directory::Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System::Console::WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
        }
        catch (ArgumentNullException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
        }
        catch (System::Security::SecurityException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("The caller does not have the \
                        required permission.");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException *) {
            System::Console::WriteLine("Path is an empty String, \
                        contains only white spaces, \
                        or contains invalid characters.");    
        }
    catch (System::IO::IOException *) {
        System::Console::WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a \
                        directory to a different \
                        volume, or destDirName \
                        already exists."); 
        }
    }
};

int main() 
{
    Class1 * snippets = new Class1();

    String *path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
    String *filter = "*.exe";

    snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
    snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);        
    snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
    snippets->GetParent(path);
    snippets->Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
    return 0;
}

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必要条件

プラットフォーム: Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 ファミリ

.NET Framework セキュリティ:

• FileIOPermission (ファイルやディレクトリから読み取りを行うために必要なアクセス許可) FileIOPermissionAccess.Read (関連する列挙体)

参照

Directory クラス | Directory メンバ | System.IO 名前空間 | DirectoryInfo | 入出力操作 | ファイルからのテキストの読み取り | ファイルへのテキストの書き込み