方法 : 匿名パイプを使用してローカルプロセス間の通信を行う

[アーティクル]
08/09/2011

匿名パイプは、名前付きパイプと比較して提供する機能は少なくなりますが、オーバーヘッドも小さくなります。匿名パイプを使用して、ローカルコンピューター上で容易にプロセス間通信を実行できます。匿名パイプを使用してネットワーク経由の通信を行うことはできません。

使用例

次に、匿名パイプを使用して、親プロセスから子プロセスに文字列を送信する方法の例を示します。この例では、Out の PipeDirection 値を使用して、親プロセス内に AnonymousPipeServerStream オブジェクトを作成しています。次に、親プロセスは、クライアントハンドルを使用して子プロセスを作成し、AnonymousPipeClientStream オブジェクトを作成します。子プロセスには、In の PipeDirection 値が指定されています。

次に、親プロセスはユーザー指定の文字列を子プロセスに送信します。この文字列は、子プロセスのコンソールに表示されます。

サーバープロセスの例を次に示します。

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.IO.Pipes
Imports System.Diagnostics

Class PipeServer
    Shared Sub Main()
        Dim pipeClient As New Process()

        pipeClient.StartInfo.FileName = "pipeClient.exe"

        Using pipeServer As New AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection.Out, _
            HandleInheritability.Inheritable)

            ' Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
            Try
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to ""Message"".")
                pipeServer.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message
            Catch e As NotSupportedException
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e.Message)
            End Try

            Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeServer.TransmissionMode)

            ' Pass the client process a handle to the server.
            pipeClient.StartInfo.Arguments = pipeServer.GetClientHandleAsString()
            pipeClient.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false
            pipeClient.Start()

            pipeServer.DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle()

            Try
                ' Read user input and send that to the client process.
                Using sw As New StreamWriter(pipeServer)
                    sw.AutoFlush = true
                    ' Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
                    sw.WriteLine("SYNC")
                    pipeServer.WaitForPipeDrain()
                    ' Send the console input to the client process.
                    Console.Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ")
                    sw.WriteLine(Console.ReadLine())
                End Using
            Catch e As IOException
                ' Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
                ' or disconnected.
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e.Message)
            End Try
        End Using

        pipeClient.WaitForExit()
        pipeClient.Close()
        Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.")
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Diagnostics;

class PipeServer
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Process pipeClient = new Process();

        pipeClient.StartInfo.FileName = "pipeClient.exe";

        using (AnonymousPipeServerStream pipeServer =
            new AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection.Out,
            HandleInheritability.Inheritable))
        {
            // Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                pipeServer.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message;
            }
            catch (NotSupportedException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e.Message);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeServer.TransmissionMode);

            // Pass the client process a handle to the server.
            pipeClient.StartInfo.Arguments =
                pipeServer.GetClientHandleAsString();
            pipeClient.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            pipeClient.Start();

            pipeServer.DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle();

            try
            {
                // Read user input and send that to the client process.
                using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(pipeServer))
                {
                    sw.AutoFlush = true;
                    // Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
                    sw.WriteLine("SYNC");
                    pipeServer.WaitForPipeDrain();
                    // Send the console input to the client process.
                    Console.Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ");
                    sw.WriteLine(Console.ReadLine());
                }
            }
            // Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
            // or disconnected.
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e.Message);
            }
        }

        pipeClient.WaitForExit();
        pipeClient.Close();
        Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.");
    }
}

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Core.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::IO::Pipes;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;

ref class PipeServer
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Process^ pipeClient = gcnew Process();

        pipeClient->StartInfo->FileName = "pipeClient.exe";

        AnonymousPipeServerStream^ pipeServer =
            gcnew AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection::Out,
            HandleInheritability::Inheritable);
        // Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
        try
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
            pipeServer->ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode::Message;
        }
        catch (NotSupportedException^ e)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e->Message);
        }

        Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
            pipeServer->TransmissionMode);

        // Pass the client process a handle to the server.
        pipeClient->StartInfo->Arguments =
            pipeServer->GetClientHandleAsString();
        pipeClient->StartInfo->UseShellExecute = false;
        pipeClient->Start();

        pipeServer->DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle();

        try
        {
            // Read user input and send that to the client process.
            StreamWriter^ sw = gcnew StreamWriter(pipeServer);

            sw->AutoFlush = true;
            // Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
            sw->WriteLine("SYNC");
            pipeServer->WaitForPipeDrain();
            // Send the console input to the client process.
            Console::Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ");
            sw->WriteLine(Console::ReadLine());
            sw->Close();
        }
        // Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
        // or disconnected.
        catch (IOException^ e)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e->Message);
        }
        pipeServer->Close();
        pipeClient->WaitForExit();
        pipeClient->Close();
        Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.");
    }
};

int main()
{
    PipeServer::Main();
}

クライアントプロセスの例を次に示します。サーバープロセスはクライアントプロセスを開始し、開始したプロセスをクライアントハンドルに渡します。クライアントコードから生成される実行可能ファイルの名前は pipeClient.exe とします。サーバープロセスを実行する前に、このファイルをサーバーの実行可能ファイルと同じディレクトリにコピーします。

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.IO.Pipes

Class PipeClient
    Shared Sub Main(args() as String)
        If args.Length > 0 Then
            Using pipeClient As New AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection.In, args(0))
                ' Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
                Try
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to ""Message"".")
                    pipeClient.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message
                Catch e As NotSupportedException
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:" + vbNewLine + "    {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.", _
                   pipeClient.TransmissionMode)

                Using sr As New StreamReader(pipeClient)
                    ' Display the read text to the console
                    Dim temp As String

                    ' Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
                    Do
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...")
                        temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    Loop While temp.StartsWith("SYNC") = False

                    ' Read the server data and echo to the console.
                    temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    While Not temp = Nothing
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp)
                        temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    End While
                End Using
            End Using
        End If
        Console.Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...")
        Console.ReadLine()
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Pipes;

class PipeClient
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        if (args.Length > 0)
        {
            using (PipeStream pipeClient =
                new AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection.In, args[0]))
            {
                // Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                    pipeClient.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message;
                }
                catch (NotSupportedException e)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:\n    {0}", e.Message);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                   pipeClient.TransmissionMode);

                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(pipeClient))
                {
                    // Display the read text to the console
                    string temp;

                    // Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
                    do
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...");
                        temp = sr.ReadLine();
                    }
                    while (!temp.StartsWith("SYNC"));

                    // Read the server data and echo to the console.
                    while ((temp = sr.ReadLine()) != null)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Console.Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

#using <System.Core.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::IO::Pipes;

ref class PipeClient
{
public:
    static void Main(array<String^>^ args)
    {
        if (args->Length > 1)
        {
            PipeStream^ pipeClient = gcnew AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection::In, args[1]);
            // Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
            try
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                pipeClient->ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode::Message;
            }
            catch (NotSupportedException^ e)
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:\n    {0}", e->Message);
            }

            Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeClient->TransmissionMode);

            StreamReader^ sr = gcnew StreamReader(pipeClient);

            // Display the read text to the console
            String^ temp;

            // Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
            do
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...");
                temp = sr->ReadLine();
            }
            while (!temp->StartsWith("SYNC"));

            // Read the server data and echo to the console.
            while ((temp = sr->ReadLine()) != nullptr)
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp);
            }
            sr->Close();
            pipeClient->Close();
        }
        Console::Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...");
        Console::ReadLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    array<String^>^ args = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
    PipeClient::Main(args);
}

参照

処理手順

方法 : ネットワーク経由のプロセス間で通信する名前付きパイプを使用する

概念

パイプ

次の方法で共有

方法 : 匿名パイプを使用してローカルプロセス間の通信を行う

使用例

参照

処理手順

概念

その他のリソース

次の方法で共有

方法 : 匿名パイプを使用してローカル プロセス間の通信を行う

使用例

参照

処理手順

概念

その他のリソース

方法 : 匿名パイプを使用してローカルプロセス間の通信を行う