クエリ式の構文例 : 結合演算子 (LINQ to Entities)

結合は、リレーショナル データベース テーブルのように互いにナビゲート可能なリレーションシップを持たないデータ ソースをターゲットとするクエリにおいて重要な操作です。 2 つのデータ ソースを結合する操作とは、あるデータ ソース内のオブジェクトを、他方のデータ ソース内で共通の属性を持つオブジェクトと関連付けることです。 詳細については、「Standard Query Operators Overview」を参照してください。

The examples in this topic demonstrate how to use the GroupJoin and Join methods to query the AdventureWorks Sales Model using query expression syntax. The AdventureWorks Sales Model used in these examples is built from the Contact, Address, Product, SalesOrderHeader, and SalesOrderDetail tables in the AdventureWorks sample database.

このトピックの例には、次の using/Imports ステートメントが使用されています。

Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Imports System.Data.Objects
Imports System.Globalization

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Data.EntityClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.Common;

GroupJoin

例

次の例では、SalesOrderHeader テーブルおよび SalesOrderDetail テーブルに対して GroupJoin を実行することによって、顧客ごとの注文数を調べます。 GroupJoin は、左外部結合に相当します。つまり、1 つ目 (左側) のデータ ソースに存在するすべての要素は、関連する要素がもう一方のデータ ソースに存在するかどうかに関係なく返されます。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim orders As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderHeader) = context.SalesOrderHeaders
    Dim details As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderDetail) = context.SalesOrderDetails

    Dim query = _
        From order In orders _
        Group Join detail In details _
        On order.SalesOrderID _
        Equals detail.SalesOrderID Into orderGroup = Group _
        Select New With _
        { _
            .CustomerID = order.SalesOrderID, _
            .OrderCount = orderGroup.Count() _
        }

    For Each order In query
        Console.WriteLine("CustomerID: {0}  Orders Count: {1}", _
            order.CustomerID, order.OrderCount)
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderDetail> details = context.SalesOrderDetails;

    var query =
        from order in orders
        join detail in details
        on order.SalesOrderID
        equals detail.SalesOrderID into orderGroup
        select new
        {
            CustomerID = order.SalesOrderID,
            OrderCount = orderGroup.Count()
        };

    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("CustomerID: {0}  Orders Count: {1}",
            order.CustomerID,
            order.OrderCount);
    }
}

例

次の例では、Contact テーブルおよび SalesOrderHeader テーブルに対して GroupJoin を実行して、連絡先ごとの注文数を調べます。 各連絡先の注文数と ID が表示されます。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim contacts As ObjectSet(Of Contact) = context.Contacts
    Dim orders As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderHeader) = context.SalesOrderHeaders

    Dim query = _
        From contact In contacts _
            Group Join order In orders _
            On contact.ContactID _
            Equals order.Contact.ContactID Into contactGroup = Group _
            Select New With { _
                .ContactID = contact.ContactID, _
                .OrderCount = contactGroup.Count(), _
                .Orders = contactGroup.Select(Function(order) order)}

    For Each group In query
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0}", group.ContactID)
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.OrderCount)

        For Each orderInfo In group.Orders
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", orderInfo.SalesOrderID)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query =
        from contact in contacts
        join order in orders
        on contact.ContactID
        equals order.Contact.ContactID into contactGroup
        select new
        {
            ContactID = contact.ContactID,
            OrderCount = contactGroup.Count(),
            Orders = contactGroup
        };

    foreach (var group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0}", group.ContactID);
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.OrderCount);
        foreach (var orderInfo in group.Orders)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", orderInfo.SalesOrderID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

例

次の例では、Contact テーブルと SalesOrderHeader テーブルの GroupJoin を実行します。 GroupJoin は、左外部結合に相当します。つまり、1 つ目 (左側) のデータ ソースに存在するすべての要素は、関連する要素がもう一方のデータ ソースに存在するかどうかに関係なく返されます。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim contacts As ObjectSet(Of Contact) = context.Contacts
    Dim orders As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderHeader) = context.SalesOrderHeaders

    Dim query = _
        From contact In contacts _
            Group Join order In orders _
            On contact.ContactID _
            Equals order.Contact.ContactID Into contactGroup = Group _
            Select New With { _
                .ContactID = contact.ContactID, _
                .OrderCount = contactGroup.Count(), _
                .Orders = contactGroup.Select(Function(order) order)}

    For Each group In query
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0}", group.ContactID)
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.OrderCount)

        For Each orderInfo In group.Orders
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", orderInfo.SalesOrderID)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query =
        from contact in contacts
        join order in orders
        on contact.ContactID
        equals order.Contact.ContactID into contactGroup
        select new
        {
            ContactID = contact.ContactID,
            OrderCount = contactGroup.Count(),
            Orders = contactGroup
        };

    foreach (var group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0}", group.ContactID);
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.OrderCount);
        foreach (var orderInfo in group.Orders)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", orderInfo.SalesOrderID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

Join

例

次の例では、SalesOrderHeader テーブルと SalesOrderDetail テーブルを結合し、8 月以降のオンラインでの注文を取得します。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim orders As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderHeader) = context.SalesOrderHeaders
    Dim details As ObjectSet(Of SalesOrderDetail) = context.SalesOrderDetails

    Dim query = _
        From ord In orders _
        Join det In details _
        On ord.SalesOrderID Equals det.SalesOrderID _
        Where ord.OnlineOrderFlag = True _
                And ord.OrderDate.Month = 8 _
        Select New With _
        { _
            .SalesOrderID = ord.SalesOrderID, _
            .SalesOrderDetailID = det.SalesOrderDetailID, _
            .OrderDate = ord.OrderDate, _
            .ProductID = det.ProductID _
        }

    For Each ord In query
        Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2:d}" & vbTab & "{3}", _
            ord.SalesOrderID, _
            ord.SalesOrderDetailID, _
            ord.OrderDate, _
            ord.ProductID)
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderDetail> details = context.SalesOrderDetails;

    var query =
        from order in orders
        join detail in details
        on order.SalesOrderID equals detail.SalesOrderID
        where order.OnlineOrderFlag == true
        && order.OrderDate.Month == 8
        select new
        {
            SalesOrderID = order.SalesOrderID,
            SalesOrderDetailID = detail.SalesOrderDetailID,
            OrderDate = order.OrderDate,
            ProductID = detail.ProductID
        };

    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2:d}\t{3}",
            order.SalesOrderID,
            order.SalesOrderDetailID,
            order.OrderDate,
            order.ProductID);
    }
}

参照

概念

LINQ to Entities でのクエリ