Transform Analytics data to generate Power BI reports

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02/24/2023

Azure DevOps Services | Azure DevOps Server 2022 - Azure DevOps Server 2019

Once you've imported your Analytics data into Power BI, you may need to transform select column data prior to creating a report. This article shows you how to perform some of these basic tasks, such as:

Expand columns, such as Area, AssignedTo, and Iteration
Expand descendant columns when querying linked work items
Pivot columns to generate counts for select category states
Transform the column data type from decimal to whole numbers
Replace null values in column data
Create a custom field
Rename fields.

Expand columns

The query returns several columns that you need to expand before you can use them in Power BI. Any entity pulled in using an OData $expand statement returns a record with potentially several fields. You need to expand the record to flatten the entity into its fields. Examples of such entities are: AssignedTo, Iteration, and Area.

After closing the Advanced Editor and while remaining in the Power Query Editor, select the expand button on the entities you need to flatten.

For example, choose the expand button for Area, select the properties you want to expand, and choose OK. Here, we choose AreaName and AreaPath to flatten. The AreaName property is similar to the Node Name field.

Note

The available properties to select depends on the properties requested to return in the query. If you don't specify any properties, then all properties are available. For more information about these properties, see the following metadata references: Areas, Iterations, and Users.
The table now contains entity field(s).
Repeat steps 1 through 3 for all fields representing entities that need expanding. These appear with Record listed in the table column when unexpanded.

Expand Descendants column

The Descendants column contains a table with two fields: State and TotalStoryPoints. Expand it.

Choose the Expand button, and select the columns to report on:
Check all the columns and choose OK.
The Descendants entity is flattened to the selected columns:

Pivot Descendants.StateCategory column

Select the 1Descendants.StateCategory1 column header to select it.
Select Transform menu and then Pivot Column.
In the Pivot Column dialog, for Values select Descendants.TotalStoryPoints, and then press OK. Power BI creates a column for every StateCategory value.

Expand the Links column

Select the expand button on the Links column.
Select all the fields to flatten.
Select the expand button on the Links.TargetWorkItem column and select the properties to flatten.

Note

If the link represents a one-to-many or many-to-many relationship, then multiple links will expand to multiple rows, one for each link.

For example, if Work Item #1 is linked to Work Item's #2 and #3, then when you expand the Links record, you will have 2 rows for Work Item #1. One that represents its link to Work Item #2, and another that represents its link to Work Item #3.

Transform a column data type

Transform LeadTimeDays and CycleTimeDays to whole numbers

The LeadTimeDays and CycleTimeDays are decimal fields. For example if Lead Time is 10 and 1/2 days, the value is 10.5. Since most Lead/Cycle Time reports assume that it's rounded to the nearest day, we need to convert these fields to an Integer. Making this conversion converts all values less than 1 to 0.

From the Power Query Editor, select the ribbon Transform menu.

Select the LeadTimeDays column by selecting the column header.
Select Data Type and change to Whole Numbers.
Repeat for CycleTimeDays.

Change CompletedDateSK to a Date field

The CompletedDateSK column data corresponds to an integer rendering of the Completed Date field in the format YYYYMMDD. For example, the integer value of 2022-July-01 is 20220701. For easier reporting, we change it to a Date field.

From the Power Query Editor, select the ribbon Transform menu.

Select the CompletedDateSK column header.
Select Data Type and change to Text. When the Change Column Type dialog appears, select Add new step (rather than Replace current step). This two-step process is the easiest way to change it to a proper Date field in Power BI.
Next, select Date Type again and choose Date. In the Change Column Type dialog, select Add new step.

Replace values

Sometimes one or more records may contain null values. For example, a value may not have been entered for Story Points or Remaining Work.

Screenshot of Power BI table containing null values.

For easier reporting, replace nulls with zero by following these steps.

Select the column by clicking the column header.
Select the Transform menu.
Select Replace Values. In the Replace Values dialog:
- Enter "null" in Value to Find.
- Enter "0" in Replace With.
Choose OK.

Create a custom column

Create a percentage complete computed column

Prior to adding the percentage complete column, make sure that you replace all null values in the pivoted state columns.

Select Add Column menu.
Select Custom Column.
Enter PercentComplete for New column name.
Enter the following in Custom column formula.
```
= [Completed]/([Proposed]+[InProgress]+[Resolved]+[Completed])
```
Note

It's possible that you won't have a Resolved column, if the work items don't have States mapped to the Resolved workflow state category. If so, omit "[Resolved]" in the above formula.
Press OK.
Select Transform menu.
Select Data Type and select Percentage.

Rename column fields

When finished with your expansion, you may choose to rename one or more columns.

Right-click a column header and select Rename...
Enter a new label for the column field and then press Enter.

Close the query and apply your changes

Once you've completed all your data transformations, choose Close & Apply from the Home menu to save the query and return to the Report tab in Power BI.

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Transform Analytics data to generate Power BI reports