Microsoft 파일 호스팅 및 동기화 서비스입니다.
Hi, Choi Jong-hoon1
Good day!
Thank you for posting to Microsoft Community. We are glad to assist you!
According to your description, yes, you can use Microsoft 365 Business and OneDrive for Mac abroad without any issues. Your installed programs and files will remain accessible as long as you have an internet connection.
Regarding the authenticator, changing your SIM card should not affect your ability to log in. The authenticator app is linked to your device, not your phone number. As long as you have the authenticator app installed on your phone, you should be able to receive authentication prompts and log in successfully.
Hope the above information helps, if it's convenient to you, would you please vote or mark for this reply that may help other community members who has the similar issue. Thanks for your efforts and your understanding would be highly appreciated.
Wish you have a great travel!
Sincerely,
Alex | Microsoft Community Moderator.