방법: 3D 장면 만들기

이 예제는 회전된 평평한 종이처럼 보이는 3D 개체를 만드는 방법을 보여 줍니다. Viewport3D는 다음 구성 요소와 함께 이 간단한 3D 장면을 만드는 데 사용됩니다.

  • PerspectiveCamera를 사용하여 카메라가 만들어집니다. 카메라는 볼 수 있는 3D 장면의 일부를 지정합니다.

  • GeometryModel3DGeometry 속성을 사용하여 3D 개체(종이)의 셰이프를 지정하는 메시가 만들어집니다.

  • GeometryModel3DMaterial 속성을 사용하여 개체의 표면(이 샘플에서 선형 그라데이션)에 표시할 재질이 지정됩니다.

  • DirectionalLight를 사용하여 개체에 빛을 비추는 광원이 만들어집니다.

XAML에서 3D 장면 만들기

아래 코드는 XAML에서 3D 장면을 만드는 방법을 보여 줍니다.

<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" >
  <DockPanel>
    <Viewbox>
      <Canvas Width="321" Height="201">

        <!-- The Viewport3D provides a rendering surface for 3-D visual content. -->
        <Viewport3D ClipToBounds="True" Width="150" Height="150" Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="10">

          <!-- Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. -->
          <Viewport3D.Camera>
            <PerspectiveCamera Position="0,0,2" LookDirection="0,0,-1" FieldOfView="60" />
          </Viewport3D.Camera>

          <!-- The ModelVisual3D children contain the 3D models -->
          <Viewport3D.Children>

            <!-- This ModelVisual3D defines the light cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D 
                 object cannot be seen. Also, the direction of the lights affect shadowing. If desired,
                 you can create multiple lights with different colors that shine from different directions. -->
            <ModelVisual3D>
              <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="-0.612372,-0.5,-0.612372" />
              </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>
            <ModelVisual3D>
              <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                <GeometryModel3D>

                  <!-- The geometry specifies the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet is created. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                    <MeshGeometry3D
                     TriangleIndices="0,1,2 3,4,5 "
                     Normals="0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 "
                     TextureCoordinates="0,0 1,0 1,1 1,1 0,1 0,0 "
                     Positions="-0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,-0.5,0.5 " />
                  </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                  <!-- The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a linear gradient 
                       covers the surface of the 3D object.-->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                    <MaterialGroup>
                      <DiffuseMaterial>
                        <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                          <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5">
                            <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                              <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" />
                              <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                              <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                              <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1" />
                            </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                          </LinearGradientBrush>
                        </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                      </DiffuseMaterial>
                    </MaterialGroup>
                  </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                  <!-- Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied, rendering the 
                       3D object rotated. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                    <RotateTransform3D>
                      <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                        <AxisAngleRotation3D Axis="0,3,0" Angle="40" />
                      </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                    </RotateTransform3D>
                  </GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                </GeometryModel3D>
              </ModelVisual3D.Content>
            </ModelVisual3D>
          </Viewport3D.Children>

        </Viewport3D>
      </Canvas>
    </Viewbox>
  </DockPanel>
</Page>

프로시저 코드에서 3D 장면 만들기

아래 코드는 프로시저 코드에서 동일한 3D 장면을 만드는 방법을 보여 줍니다.

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;

namespace SDKSample
{
    public partial class Basic3DShapeExample : Page
    {
        public Basic3DShapeExample()
        {

            // Declare scene objects.
            Viewport3D myViewport3D = new Viewport3D();
            Model3DGroup myModel3DGroup = new Model3DGroup();
            GeometryModel3D myGeometryModel = new GeometryModel3D();
            ModelVisual3D myModelVisual3D = new ModelVisual3D();
            // Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. In order to view the 3D object,
            // the camera must be positioned and pointed such that the object is within view
            // of the camera.
            PerspectiveCamera myPCamera = new PerspectiveCamera();

            // Specify where in the 3D scene the camera is.
            myPCamera.Position = new Point3D(0, 0, 2);

            // Specify the direction that the camera is pointing.
            myPCamera.LookDirection = new Vector3D(0, 0, -1);

            // Define camera's horizontal field of view in degrees.
            myPCamera.FieldOfView = 60;

            // Asign the camera to the viewport
            myViewport3D.Camera = myPCamera;
            // Define the lights cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D object cannot
            // be seen. Note: to illuminate an object from additional directions, create
            // additional lights.
            DirectionalLight myDirectionalLight = new DirectionalLight();
            myDirectionalLight.Color = Colors.White;
            myDirectionalLight.Direction = new Vector3D(-0.61, -0.5, -0.61);

            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myDirectionalLight);

            // The geometry specifes the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet
            // is created.
            MeshGeometry3D myMeshGeometry3D = new MeshGeometry3D();

            // Create a collection of normal vectors for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Vector3DCollection myNormalCollection = new Vector3DCollection();
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,1));
            myMeshGeometry3D.Normals = myNormalCollection;

            // Create a collection of vertex positions for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Point3DCollection myPositionCollection = new Point3DCollection();
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myMeshGeometry3D.Positions = myPositionCollection;

            // Create a collection of texture coordinates for the MeshGeometry3D.
            PointCollection myTextureCoordinatesCollection = new PointCollection();
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 0));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 0));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 0));
            myMeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates = myTextureCoordinatesCollection;

            // Create a collection of triangle indices for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Int32Collection myTriangleIndicesCollection = new Int32Collection();
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(0);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(1);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(2);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(3);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(4);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(5);
            myMeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices = myTriangleIndicesCollection;

            // Apply the mesh to the geometry model.
            myGeometryModel.Geometry = myMeshGeometry3D;

            // The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a
            // linear gradient covers the surface of the 3D object.

            // Create a horizontal linear gradient with four stops.
            LinearGradientBrush myHorizontalGradient = new LinearGradientBrush();
            myHorizontalGradient.StartPoint = new Point(0, 0.5);
            myHorizontalGradient.EndPoint = new Point(1, 0.5);
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Yellow, 0.0));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Red, 0.25));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Blue, 0.75));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.LimeGreen, 1.0));

            // Define material and apply to the mesh geometries.
            DiffuseMaterial myMaterial = new DiffuseMaterial(myHorizontalGradient);
            myGeometryModel.Material = myMaterial;

            // Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied,
            // rendering the 3D object rotated.
            RotateTransform3D myRotateTransform3D = new RotateTransform3D();
            AxisAngleRotation3D myAxisAngleRotation3d = new AxisAngleRotation3D();
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Axis = new Vector3D(0,3,0);
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Angle = 40;
            myRotateTransform3D.Rotation = myAxisAngleRotation3d;
            myGeometryModel.Transform = myRotateTransform3D;

            // Add the geometry model to the model group.
            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myGeometryModel);

            // Add the group of models to the ModelVisual3d.
            myModelVisual3D.Content = myModel3DGroup;

            //
            myViewport3D.Children.Add(myModelVisual3D);

            // Apply the viewport to the page so it will be rendered.
            this.Content = myViewport3D;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls
Imports System.Windows.Media
Imports System.Windows.Media.Media3D

Namespace SDKSample
    Partial Public Class Basic3DShapeExample
        Inherits Page
        Public Sub New()

            ' Declare scene objects.
            Dim myViewport3D As New Viewport3D()
            Dim myModel3DGroup As New Model3DGroup()
            Dim myGeometryModel As New GeometryModel3D()
            Dim myModelVisual3D As New ModelVisual3D()
            ' Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. In order to view the 3D object,
            ' the camera must be positioned and pointed such that the object is within view 
            ' of the camera.
            Dim myPCamera As New PerspectiveCamera()

            ' Specify where in the 3D scene the camera is.
            myPCamera.Position = New Point3D(0, 0, 2)

            ' Specify the direction that the camera is pointing.
            myPCamera.LookDirection = New Vector3D(0, 0, -1)

            ' Define camera's horizontal field of view in degrees.
            myPCamera.FieldOfView = 60

            ' Asign the camera to the viewport
            myViewport3D.Camera = myPCamera
            ' Define the lights cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D object cannot 
            ' be seen. Note: to illuminate an object from additional directions, create 
            ' additional lights.
            Dim myDirectionalLight As New DirectionalLight()
            myDirectionalLight.Color = Colors.White
            myDirectionalLight.Direction = New Vector3D(-0.61, -0.5, -0.61)

            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myDirectionalLight)

            ' The geometry specifes the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet 
            ' is created.
            Dim myMeshGeometry3D As New MeshGeometry3D()

            ' Create a collection of normal vectors for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Dim myNormalCollection As New Vector3DCollection()
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myNormalCollection.Add(New Vector3D(0,0,1))
            myMeshGeometry3D.Normals = myNormalCollection

            ' Create a collection of vertex positions for the MeshGeometry3D. 
            Dim myPositionCollection As New Point3DCollection()
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5))
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(0.5, -0.5, 0.5))
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5))
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5))
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(-0.5, 0.5, 0.5))
            myPositionCollection.Add(New Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5))
            myMeshGeometry3D.Positions = myPositionCollection

            ' Create a collection of texture coordinates for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Dim myTextureCoordinatesCollection As New PointCollection()
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(0, 0))
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(1, 0))
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(1, 1))
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(1, 1))
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(0, 1))
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(New Point(0, 0))
            myMeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates = myTextureCoordinatesCollection

            ' Create a collection of triangle indices for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Dim myTriangleIndicesCollection As New Int32Collection()
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(0)
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(1)
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(2)
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(3)
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(4)
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(5)
            myMeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices = myTriangleIndicesCollection

            ' Apply the mesh to the geometry model.
            myGeometryModel.Geometry = myMeshGeometry3D

            ' The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a  
            ' linear gradient covers the surface of the 3D object.

            ' Create a horizontal linear gradient with four stops.   
            Dim myHorizontalGradient As New LinearGradientBrush()
            myHorizontalGradient.StartPoint = New Point(0, 0.5)
            myHorizontalGradient.EndPoint = New Point(1, 0.5)
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(New GradientStop(Colors.Yellow, 0.0))
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(New GradientStop(Colors.Red, 0.25))
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(New GradientStop(Colors.Blue, 0.75))
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(New GradientStop(Colors.LimeGreen, 1.0))

            ' Define material and apply to the mesh geometries.
            Dim myMaterial As New DiffuseMaterial(myHorizontalGradient)
            myGeometryModel.Material = myMaterial

            ' Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied,  
            ' rendering the 3D object rotated.
            Dim myRotateTransform3D As New RotateTransform3D()
            Dim myAxisAngleRotation3d As New AxisAngleRotation3D()
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Axis = New Vector3D(0,3,0)
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Angle = 40
            myRotateTransform3D.Rotation = myAxisAngleRotation3d
            myGeometryModel.Transform = myRotateTransform3D

            ' Add the geometry model to the model group.
            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myGeometryModel)

            ' Add the group of models to the ModelVisual3d.
            myModelVisual3D.Content = myModel3DGroup

            ' 
            myViewport3D.Children.Add(myModelVisual3D)

            ' Apply the viewport to the page so it will be rendered.
            Me.Content = myViewport3D
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

참고 항목