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replace_if

Examines each element in a range and replaces it if it satisfies a specified predicate.

template<class ForwardIterator, class Predicate, class Type>
   void replace_if(
      ForwardIterator _First, 
      ForwardIterator _Last,
      Predicate _Pred, 
      const Type& _Val
   );

Parameters

  • _First
    A forward iterator pointing to the position of the first element in the range from which elements are being replaced.

  • _Last
    An iterator pointing to the position one past the final element in the range from which elements are being replaced.

  • _Pred
    The unary predicate that must be satisfied is the value of an element is to be replaced.

  • _Val
    The new value being assigned to the elements whose old value satisfies the predicate.

Remarks

The range referenced must be valid; all pointers must be dereferenceable and within the sequence the last position is reachable from the first by incrementation.

The order of the elements not replaced remains stable.

The algorithm replace_if is a generalization of the algorithm replace, allowing any predicate to be specified, rather than equality to a specified constant value.

The operator== used to determine the equality between elements must impose an equivalence relation between its operands.

The complexity is linear: there are (_Last – _First) comparisons for equality and at most (_Last – _First) assignments of new values.

Example

// alg_replace_if.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>

bool greater6 ( int value ) {
   return value >6;
}

int main( ) {
   using namespace std;
   vector <int> v1;
   vector <int>::iterator Iter1;

   int i;
   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 9 ; i++ )
      v1.push_back( i );

   int ii;
   for ( ii = 0 ; ii <= 3 ; ii++ )
      v1.push_back( 7 );
   
   random_shuffle ( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ) );
   cout << "The original vector v1 is:\n ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")." << endl;

   // Replace elements satisfying the predicate greater6
   // with a value of 70
   replace_if ( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), greater6 , 70);

   cout << "The vector v1 with a value 70 replacing those\n "
        << "elements satisfying the greater6 predicate is:\n ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")." << endl;
}

Sample Output

The original vector v1 is:
 ( 7 1 9 2 0 7 7 3 4 6 8 5 7 7 ).
The vector v1 with a value 70 replacing those
 elements satisfying the greater6 predicate is:
 ( 70 1 70 2 0 70 70 3 4 6 70 5 70 70 ).

Requirements

Header: <algorithm>

Namespace: std

See Also

Concepts

<algorithm> Members

replace_if (STL Samples)

Standard Template Library