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Use openAPI documents

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Use Swagger UI for local ad-hoc testing

By default, the Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi package doesn't ship with built-in support for visualizing or interacting with the OpenAPI document. Popular tools for visualizing or interacting with the OpenAPI document include Swagger UI and ReDoc. Swagger UI and ReDoc can be integrated in an app in several ways. Editors such as Visual Studio and VS Code offer extensions and built-in experiences for testing against an OpenAPI document.

The Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUi package provides a bundle of Swagger UI's web assets for use in apps. This package can be used to render a UI for the generated document. To configure this:

  • Install the Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUi package.
  • Enable the swagger-ui middleware with a reference to the OpenAPI route registered earlier.
  • To limit information disclosure and security vulnerability, only enable Swagger UI in development environments.
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.OpenApi.Models;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder();

builder.Services.AddOpenApi();

var app = builder.Build();

app.MapOpenApi();
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseSwaggerUI(options =>
    {
        options.SwaggerEndpoint("/openapi/v1.json", "v1");
    });

}

app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello world!");

app.Run();

Use Scalar for interactive API documentation

Scalar is an open-source interactive document UI for OpenAPI. Scalar can integrate with the OpenAPI endpoint provided by ASP.NET Core. To configure Scalar, install the Scalar.AspNetCore package.

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.OpenApi.Models;
using Scalar.AspNetCore;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder();

builder.Services.AddOpenApi();

var app = builder.Build();

app.MapOpenApi();

if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.MapScalarApiReference();
}

app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello world!");

app.Run();

Lint generated OpenAPI documents with Spectral

Spectral is an open-source OpenAPI document linter. Spectral can be incorporated into an app build to verify the quality of generated OpenAPI documents. Install Spectral according to the package installation directions.

To take advantage of Spectral, install the Microsoft.Extensions.ApiDescription.Server package to enable build-time OpenAPI document generation.

Enable document generation at build time by setting the following properties in the app's .csproj file":

<PropertyGroup>
    <OpenApiDocumentsDirectory>$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)</OpenApiDocumentsDirectory>
    <OpenApiGenerateDocuments>true</OpenApiGenerateDocuments>
</PropertyGroup>

Run dotnet build to generate the document.

dotnet build

Create a .spectral.yml file with the following contents.

extends: ["spectral:oas"]

Run spectral lint on the generated file.

spectral lint WebMinOpenApi.json
...

The output shows any issues with the OpenAPI document. For example:

```output
1:1  warning  oas3-api-servers       OpenAPI "servers" must be present and non-empty array.
3:10  warning  info-contact           Info object must have "contact" object.                        info
3:10  warning  info-description       Info "description" must be present and non-empty string.       info
9:13  warning  operation-description  Operation "description" must be present and non-empty string.  paths./.get
9:13  warning  operation-operationId  Operation must have "operationId".                             paths./.get

✖ 5 problems (0 errors, 5 warnings, 0 infos, 0 hints)

To learn how to use the generated OpenAPI document in a minimal API in .NET 6, 7, or 8, see the Swagger and NSwag overview.