`functional` (STL/CLR)

Artikkel
09/28/2022

Include the STL/CLR header <cliext/functional> to define functional class templates and related template delegates and functions.

Syntax

#include <functional>

Requirements

Header: <cliext/functional>

Namespace: cliext

Declarations

Delegate	Description
`binary_delegate` (STL/CLR)	Two-argument delegate.
`binary_delegate_noreturn` (STL/CLR)	Two-argument delegate returning `void`.
`unary_delegate` (STL/CLR)	One-argument delegate.
`unary_delegate_noreturn` (STL/CLR)	One-argument delegate returning `void`.

Class	Description
`binary_negate` (STL/CLR)	Functor to negate a two-argument functor.
`binder1st` (STL/CLR)	Functor to bind first argument to a two-argument functor.
`binder2nd` (STL/CLR)	Functor to bind second argument to a two-argument functor.
`divides` (STL/CLR)	Divide functor.
`equal_to` (STL/CLR)	Equal comparison functor.
`greater` (STL/CLR)	Greater comparison functor.
`greater_equal` (STL/CLR)	Greater or equal comparison functor.
`less` (STL/CLR)	Less comparison functor.
`less_equal` (STL/CLR)	Less or equal comparison functor.
`logical_and` (STL/CLR)	Logical AND functor.
`logical_not` (STL/CLR)	Logical NOT functor.
`logical_or` (STL/CLR)	Logical OR functor.
`minus` (STL/CLR)	Subtract functor.
`modulus` (STL/CLR)	Modulus functor.
`multiplies` (STL/CLR)	Multiply functor.
`negate` (STL/CLR)	Functor to return its argument negated.
`not_equal_to` (STL/CLR)	Not equal comparison functor.
`plus` (STL/CLR)	Add functor.
`unary_negate` (STL/CLR)	Functor to negate a one-argument functor.

Function	Description
`bind1st` (STL/CLR)	Generates a binder1st for an argument and functor.
`bind2nd` (STL/CLR)	Generates a binder2nd for an argument and functor.
`not1` (STL/CLR)	Generates a unary_negate for a functor.
`not2` (STL/CLR)	Generates a binary_negate for a functor.

Members

`binary_delegate` (STL/CLR)

The generic class describes a two-argument delegate. You use it specify a delegate in terms of its argument and return types.

Syntax

generic<typename Arg1,
    typename Arg2,
    typename Result>
    delegate Result binary_delegate(Arg1, Arg2);

Parameters

Arg1
The type of the first argument.

Arg2
The type of the second argument.

Result
The return type.

Remarks

The generic delegate describes a two-argument function.

In these function templates:

binary_delegate<int, int, int> Fun1;

binary_delegate<int, int, int> Fun2;

the types Fun1 and Fun2 are synonyms, while for:

delegate int Fun1(int, int);

delegate int Fun2(int, int);

they aren't the same type.

Example

// cliext_binary_delegate.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/functional>

bool key_compare(wchar_t left, wchar_t right)
    {
    return (left < right);
    }

typedef cliext::binary_delegate<wchar_t, wchar_t, bool> Mydelegate;
int main()
    {
    Mydelegate^ kcomp = gcnew Mydelegate(&key_compare);

    System::Console::WriteLine("compare(L'a', L'a') = {0}",
        kcomp(L'a', L'a'));
    System::Console::WriteLine("compare(L'a', L'b') = {0}",
        kcomp(L'a', L'b'));
    System::Console::WriteLine("compare(L'b', L'a') = {0}",
        kcomp(L'b', L'a'));
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

compare(L'a', L'a') = False
compare(L'a', L'b') = True
compare(L'b', L'a') = False

`binary_delegate_noreturn` (STL/CLR)

The generic class describes a two-argument delegate that returns void. You use it specify a delegate in terms of its argument.

Syntax

generic<typename Arg1,
    typename Arg2>
    delegate void binary_delegate(Arg1, Arg2);

Parameters

Arg1
The type of the first argument.

Arg2
The type of the second argument.

Remarks

The generic delegate describes a two-argument function that returns void.

In these function templates:

binary_delegate_noreturn<int, int> Fun1;

binary_delegate_noreturn<int, int> Fun2;

the types Fun1 and Fun2 are synonyms, while for:

delegate void Fun1(int, int);

delegate void Fun2(int, int);

they aren't the same type.

Example

// cliext_binary_delegate_noreturn.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/functional>

void key_compare(wchar_t left, wchar_t right)
    {
    System::Console::WriteLine("compare({0}, {1}) = {2}",
        left, right, left < right);
    }

typedef cliext::binary_delegate_noreturn<wchar_t, wchar_t> Mydelegate;
int main()
    {
    Mydelegate^ kcomp = gcnew Mydelegate(&key_compare);

    kcomp(L'a', L'a');
    kcomp(L'a', L'b');
    kcomp(L'b', L'a');
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

compare(a, a) = False
compare(a, b) = True
compare(b, a) = False

`binary_negate` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the logical NOT of its stored two-argument functor. You use it specify a function object in terms of its stored functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    ref class binary_negate
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Fun stored_function_type;
    typedef typename Fun::first_argument_type first_argument_type;
    typedef typename Fun::second_argument_type second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    explicit binary_negate(Fun% functor);
    binary_negate(binary_negate<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Fun
The type of the stored functor.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.
`stored_function_type`	The type of the functor.

Member	Description
`binary_negate`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^()`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor that stores another two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the logical NOT of the stored functor called with the two arguments.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_binary_negate.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::less<int> less_op;

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(),
        cliext::binary_negate<cliext::less<int> >(less_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::not2(less_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

`bind1st` (STL/CLR)

Generates a binder1st for an argument and functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun,
    typename Arg>
    binder1st<Fun> bind1st(Fun% functor,
        Arg left);

Template Parameters

Arg
The type of the argument.

Fun
The type of the functor.

Function Parameters

functor
The functor to wrap.

left
The first argument to wrap.

Remarks

The function template returns binder1st<Fun>(functor, left). You use it as a convenient way to wrap a two-argument functor and its first argument in a one-argument functor that calls it with a second argument.

Example

// cliext_bind1st.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::minus<int> sub_op;
    cliext::binder1st<cliext::minus<int> > subfrom3(sub_op, 3);

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        subfrom3);
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        bind1st(sub_op, 3));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
-1 0
-1 0

`bind2nd` (STL/CLR)

Generates a binder2nd for an argument and functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun,
    typename Arg>
    binder2nd<Fun> bind2nd(Fun% functor,
        Arg right);

Template Parameters

Arg
The type of the argument.

Fun
The type of the functor.

Function Parameters

functor
The functor to wrap.

right
The second argument to wrap.

Remarks

The function template returns binder2nd<Fun>(functor, right). You use it as a convenient way to wrap a two-argument functor and its second argument in a one-argument functor that calls it with a first argument.

Example

// cliext_bind2nd.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::minus<int> sub_op;
    cliext::binder2nd<cliext::minus<int> > sub4(sub_op, 4);

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        sub4);
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        bind2nd(sub_op, 4));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
0 -1
0 -1

`binder1st` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a one-argument functor that, when called, returns its stored two-argument functor called with its stored first argument and the supplied second argument. You use it specify a function object in terms of its stored functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    ref class binder1st
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Fun stored_function_type;
    typedef typename Fun::first_argument_type first_argument_type;
    typedef typename Fun::second_argument_type second_argument_type;
    typedef typename Fun:result_type result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::UnaryDelegate<
        second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    binder1st(Fun% functor, first_argument_type left);
    binder1st(binder1st<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Fun
The type of the stored functor.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.
`stored_function_type`	The type of the functor.

Member	Description
`binder1st`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^()`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a one-argument functor that stores a two-argument functor and a first argument. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the result of calling the stored functor with the stored first argument and the supplied second argument.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_binder1st.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::minus<int> sub_op;
    cliext::binder1st<cliext::minus<int> > subfrom3(sub_op, 3);

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        subfrom3);
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        bind1st(sub_op, 3));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
-1 0
-1 0

`binder2nd` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a one-argument functor that, when called, returns its stored two-argument functor called with the supplied first argument and its stored second argument. You use it specify a function object in terms of its stored functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    ref class binder2nd
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Fun stored_function_type;
    typedef typename Fun::first_argument_type first_argument_type;
    typedef typename Fun::second_argument_type second_argument_type;
    typedef typename Fun:result_type result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::UnaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    binder2nd(Fun% functor, second_argument_type left);
    binder2nd(binder2nd<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Fun
The type of the stored functor.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.
`stored_function_type`	The type of the functor.

Member	Description
`binder2nd`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^()`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a one-argument functor that stores a two-argument functor and a second argument. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the result of calling the stored functor with the supplied first argument and the stored second argument.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_binder2nd.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::minus<int> sub_op;
    cliext::binder2nd<cliext::minus<int> > sub4(sub_op, 4);

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        sub4);
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        bind2nd(sub_op, 4));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
0 -1
0 -1

`divides` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the first argument divided by the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class divides
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef Arg result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    divides();
    divides(divides<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments and return value.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`divides`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^()`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the first argument divided by the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_divides.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(2);
    c2.push_back(1);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 2 1"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::divides<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
2 1
2 3

`equal_to` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument is equal to the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class equal_to
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    equal_to();
    equal_to(equal_to<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`equal_to`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^()`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns true only if the first argument is equal to the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_equal_to.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::equal_to<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
4 4
1 0

`greater` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument is greater than the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class greater
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    greater();
    greater(greater<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`greater`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_greater.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(3);
    c2.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 3 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::greater<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
3 3
1 0

`greater_equal` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument is greater than or equal to the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class greater_equal
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    greater_equal();
    greater_equal(greater_equal<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`greater_equal`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_greater_equal.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::greater_equal<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
4 4
1 0

`less` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument is less than the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class less
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    less();
    less(less<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`less`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_less.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::less<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
4 4
0 1

`less_equal` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument is less than or equal to the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class less_equal
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    less_equal();
    less_equal(less_equal<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`less_equal`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_less_equal.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(3);
    c2.push_back(3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 3 3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::less_equal<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
3 3
0 1

`logical_and` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if both the first argument and the second test as true. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class logical_and
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    logical_and();
    logical_and(logical_and<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`logical_and`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns true only if both the first argument and the second test as true.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_logical_and.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(2);
    c1.push_back(0);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(3);
    c2.push_back(0);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 1 0" and " 1 0"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::logical_and<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

2 0
3 0
1 0

`logical_not` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if either its argument tests as false. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class logical_not
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::UnaryDelegate<
        argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    logical_not();
    logical_not(logical_not<Arg> %right);

    result_type operator()(argument_type left);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`argument_type`	The type of the functor argument.
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.

Member	Description
`logical_not`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a one-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns true only if its argument tests as false.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_logical_not.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(0);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 0"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c3.begin(), cliext::logical_not<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 0
0 1

`logical_or` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if either the first argument or the second tests as true. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class logical_or
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    logical_or();
    logical_or(logical_or<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`logical_or`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns true only if either the first argument or the second tests as true.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_logical_or.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(2);
    c1.push_back(0);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(0);
    c2.push_back(0);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 2 0" and " 0 0"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::logical_or<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

2 0
0 0
1 0

`minus` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the first argument minus the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class minus
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef Arg result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    minus();
    minus(minus<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments and return value.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`minus`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the first argument minus the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_minus.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(2);
    c2.push_back(1);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 2 1"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::minus<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
2 1
2 2

`modulus` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the first argument modulo the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class modulus
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef Arg result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    modulus();
    modulus(modulus<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments and return value.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`modulus`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the first argument modulo the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_modulus.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(2);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(3);
    c2.push_back(1);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 2" and " 3 1"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::modulus<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 2
3 1
1 0

`multiplies` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the first argument times the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class multiplies
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef Arg result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    multiplies();
    multiplies(multiplies<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments and return value.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`multiplies`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the first argument times the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_multiplies.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(2);
    c2.push_back(1);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 2 1"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::multiplies<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
2 1
8 3

`negate` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns its argument negated. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class negate
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::UnaryDelegate<
        argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    negate();
    negate(negate<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(argument_type left);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`argument_type`	The type of the functor argument.
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.

Member	Description
`negate`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a one-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns its argument negated.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_negate.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(-3);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 -3"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c3.begin(), cliext::negate<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 -3
-4 3

`not_equal_to` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns true only if the first argument isn't equal to the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class not_equal_to
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    not_equal_to();
    not_equal_to(not_equal_to<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`not_equal_to`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_not_equal_to.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::not_equal_to<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
4 4
0 1

`not1` (STL/CLR)

Generates a unary_negate for a functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    unary_negate<Fun> not1(Fun% functor);

Template Parameters

Fun
The type of the functor.

Function Parameters

functor
The functor to wrap.

Remarks

The function template returns unary_negate<Fun>(functor). You use it as a convenient way to wrap a one-argument functor in a functor that delivers its logical NOT.

Example

// cliext_not1.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(0);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 0"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::logical_not<int> not_op;

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        cliext::unary_negate<cliext::logical_not<int> >(not_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        cliext::not1(not_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 0
1 0
1 0

`not2` (STL/CLR)

Generates a binary_negate for a functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    binary_negate<Fun> not2(Fun% functor);

Template Parameters

Fun
The type of the functor.

Function Parameters

functor
The functor to wrap.

Remarks

The function template returns binary_negate<Fun>(functor). You use it as a convenient way to wrap a two-argument functor in a functor that delivers its logical NOT.

Example

// cliext_not2.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(4);
    c2.push_back(4);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 4 4"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::less<int> less_op;

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(),
        cliext::binary_negate<cliext::less<int> >(less_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::not2(less_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

`plus` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the first argument plus the second. You use it specify a function object in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

template<typename Arg>
    ref class plus
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Arg first_argument_type;
    typedef Arg second_argument_type;
    typedef Arg result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::BinaryDelegate<
        first_argument_type, second_argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    plus();
    plus(plus<Arg>% right);

    result_type operator()(first_argument_type left,
        second_argument_type right);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Arg
The type of the arguments and return value.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`first_argument_type`	The type of the functor first argument.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.
`second_argument_type`	The type of the functor second argument.

Member	Description
`plus`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`operator delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a two-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the first argument plus the second.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_plus.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(3);
    Myvector c2;
    c2.push_back(2);
    c2.push_back(1);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 3" and " 2 1"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

    for each (int elem in c2)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2,
        c2.begin(), c3.begin(), cliext::plus<int>());
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 3
2 1
6 4

`unary_delegate` (STL/CLR)

The generic class describes a one-argument delegate. You use it specify a delegate in terms of its argument and return types.

Syntax

generic<typename Arg,
    typename Result>
    delegate Result unary_delegate(Arg);

Parameters

Arg
The type of the argument.

Result
The return type.

Remarks

The generic delegate describes a one-argument function.

In these function templates:

unary_delegate<int, int> Fun1;

unary_delegate<int, int> Fun2;

the types Fun1 and Fun2 are synonyms, while for:

delegate int Fun1(int);

delegate int Fun2(int);

they aren't the same type.

Example

// cliext_unary_delegate.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/functional>

int hash_val(wchar_t val)
    {
    return ((val * 17 + 31) % 67);
    }

typedef cliext::unary_delegate<wchar_t, int> Mydelegate;
int main()
    {
    Mydelegate^ myhash = gcnew Mydelegate(&hash_val);

    System::Console::WriteLine("hash(L'a') = {0}", myhash(L'a'));
    System::Console::WriteLine("hash(L'b') = {0}", myhash(L'b'));
    return (0);
    }

hash(L'a') = 5
hash(L'b') = 22

`unary_delegate_noreturn` (STL/CLR)

The generic class describes a one-argument delegate that returns void. You use it specify a delegate in terms of its argument type.

Syntax

generic<typename Arg>
    delegate void unary_delegate_noreturn(Arg);

Parameters

Arg
The type of the argument.

Remarks

The generic delegate describes a one-argument function that returns void.

In these function templates:

unary_delegate_noreturn<int> Fun1;

unary_delegate_noreturn<int> Fun2;

the types Fun1 and Fun2 are synonyms, while for:

delegate void Fun1(int);

delegate void Fun2(int);

they aren't the same type.

Example

// cliext_unary_delegate_noreturn.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/functional>

void hash_val(wchar_t val)
    {
    System::Console::WriteLine("hash({0}) = {1}",
       val, (val * 17 + 31) % 67);
    }

typedef cliext::unary_delegate_noreturn<wchar_t> Mydelegate;
int main()
    {
    Mydelegate^ myhash = gcnew Mydelegate(&hash_val);

    myhash(L'a');
    myhash(L'b');
    return (0);
    }

hash(a) = 5
hash(b) = 22

`unary_negate` (STL/CLR)

The template class describes a functor that, when called, returns the logical NOT of its stored one-argument functor. You use it specify a function object in terms of its stored functor.

Syntax

template<typename Fun>
    ref class unary_negate
    { // wrap operator()
public:
    typedef Fun stored_function_type;
    typedef typename Fun::argument_type argument_type;
    typedef bool result_type;
    typedef Microsoft::VisualC::StlClr::UnaryDelegate<
        argument_type, result_type>
        delegate_type;

    unary_negate(Fun% functor);
    unary_negate(unary_negate<Fun>% right);

    result_type operator()(argument_type left);
    operator delegate_type^();
    };

Parameters

Fun
The type of the stored functor.

Member Functions

Type Definition	Description
`argument_type`	The type of the functor argument.
`delegate_type`	The type of the generic delegate.
`result_type`	The type of the functor result.

Member	Description
`unary_negate`	Constructs the functor.

Operator	Description
`operator()`	Computes the desired function.
`delegate_type^`	Casts the functor to a delegate.

Remarks

The template class describes a one-argument functor that stores another one-argument functor. It defines the member operator operator() so that, when the object is called as a function, it returns the logical NOT of the stored functor called with the argument.

You can also pass the object as a function argument whose type is delegate_type^ and it will be converted appropriately.

Example

// cliext_unary_negate.cpp
// compile with: /clr
#include <cliext/algorithm>
#include <cliext/functional>
#include <cliext/vector>

typedef cliext::vector<int> Myvector;
int main()
    {
    Myvector c1;
    c1.push_back(4);
    c1.push_back(0);
    Myvector c3(2, 0);

// display initial contents " 4 0"
    for each (int elem in c1)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display
    cliext::logical_not<int> not_op;

    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        cliext::unary_negate<cliext::logical_not<int> >(not_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();

// transform and display with function
    cliext::transform(c1.begin(), c1.begin() + 2, c3.begin(),
        cliext::not1(not_op));
    for each (int elem in c3)
        System::Console::Write(" {0}", elem);
    System::Console::WriteLine();
    return (0);
    }

4 0
1 0
1 0

Del via

functional (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Requirements

Declarations

Members

binary_delegate (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Remarks

Example

binary_delegate_noreturn (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Remarks

Example

binary_negate (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

bind1st (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Template Parameters

Function Parameters

Remarks

Example

bind2nd (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Template Parameters

Function Parameters

Remarks

Example

binder1st (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

binder2nd (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

divides (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

equal_to (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

greater (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

greater_equal (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

less (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

Remarks

Example

less_equal (STL/CLR)

Syntax

Parameters

Member Functions

`functional` (STL/CLR)

`binary_delegate` (STL/CLR)

`binary_delegate_noreturn` (STL/CLR)

`binary_negate` (STL/CLR)

`bind1st` (STL/CLR)

`bind2nd` (STL/CLR)

`binder1st` (STL/CLR)

`binder2nd` (STL/CLR)

`divides` (STL/CLR)

`equal_to` (STL/CLR)

`greater` (STL/CLR)

`greater_equal` (STL/CLR)

`less` (STL/CLR)

`less_equal` (STL/CLR)

`logical_and` (STL/CLR)

`logical_not` (STL/CLR)

`logical_or` (STL/CLR)

`minus` (STL/CLR)

`modulus` (STL/CLR)

`multiplies` (STL/CLR)

`negate` (STL/CLR)

`not_equal_to` (STL/CLR)

`not1` (STL/CLR)

`not2` (STL/CLR)

`plus` (STL/CLR)

`unary_delegate` (STL/CLR)