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Storage Class Driver's SplitTransferRequest Routine

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The STORAGE_ADAPTER_DESCRIPTOR data returned to the GetDescriptor routine indicates the transfer capabilities of a given HBA to the class driver. In particular, this data indicates the MaximumTransferLength in bytes and the MaximumPhysicalPages: that is, how many noncontiguous pages the HBA can manage in the physical memory backing a system buffer (i.e., the extent of its scatter/gather support).

Most class drivers store a pointer to this configuration data in the device extension of each device object because storage class drivers are responsible for splitting all transfer requests that exceed the HBA's capability to transfer data. In other words, a class driver's DispatchReadWrite routine must determine whether each IRP requests a transfer that is more than the HBA can handle in a single transfer operation.

For example, such a DispatchReadWrite routine could have code similar to the following:

PSTORAGE_ADAPTER_DESCRIPTOR adapterDescriptor = 
    commonExtension->PartitionZeroExtension->AdapterDescriptor;
ULONG transferPages;
ULONG maximumTransferLength = 
    adapterDescriptor->MaximumTransferLength;
    :        : 
// 
// Calculate number of pages in this transfer 
// 
transferPages = ADDRESS_AND_SIZE_TO_SPAN_PAGES( 
                    MmGetMdlVirtualAddress(Irp->MdlAddress), 
                        currentIrpStack->Parameters.Read.Length);
// 
// Check whether requested length is greater than the maximum number 
// of bytes that can be transferred in a single operation 
// 
if (currentIrpStack->Parameters.Read.Length > maximumTransferLength ||
        transferPages > adapterDescriptor->MaximumPhysicalPages) { 
    transferPages = adapterDescriptor->MaximumPhysicalPages - 1;
    if (maximumTransferLength > transferPages << PAGE_SHIFT) { 
        maximumTransferLength = transferPages << PAGE_SHIFT; 
    } 
    IoMarkIrpPending(Irp); 
    SplitTransferRequest(DeviceObject, 
                            Irp, 
                            maximumTransferLength); 
    return STATUS_PENDING; 
} 
    :        :

The class driver cannot tell how many physical breaks the buffer will have once it has been mapped, so it must assume that each page in the transfer is discontiguous and compare the number of pages against the number of physical breaks allowed.

Note that such a driver's DispatchReadWrite routine calls IoMarkIrpPending and returns STATUS_PENDING immediately after a call to its SplitTransferRequest routine with the original IRP.

To carry out the original transfer request, the driver's SplitTransferRequest routine creates one or more IRPs to handle subbuffers that are sized to suit the HBA's capabilities. For each such IRP, the SplitTransferRequest routine:

  • Sets up an SRB, usually by calling an internal BuildRequest routine (see Storage Class Driver's BuildRequest Routine)

  • Copies the MDL address from the original IRP to the new IRP

  • Sets the DataBuffer in the SRB to an offset in bytes into the MDL for this piece of the transfer

  • Sets up its IoCompletion routine before sending the IRP on to the port driver with IoCallDriver

To track each piece of the transfer, SplitTransferRequest registers an IoCompletion routine for each driver-allocated IRP it sends to the next-lower driver. The IoCompletion routine maintains a count of completed partial transfer requests in the original IRP, using InterlockedIncrement and InterlockedDecrement to ensure that the count is accurate.

Such an IoCompletion routine must free any IRPs and/or SRBs the driver has allocated and must complete the original IRP when all requested data has been transferred or when the class driver has exhausted retries of the IRP and must fail it due to device transfer errors.