Typegegevens weergeven

Artikel
04/01/2024

De System.Type klas staat centraal in reflectie. De algemene taalruntime maakt het Type voor een geladen type wanneer reflectie dit aanvraagt. U kunt de methoden, velden, eigenschappen en geneste klassen van een Type object gebruiken om alles over dat type te achterhalen.

Gebruik Assembly.GetType of Assembly.GetTypes om objecten op te halen Type uit assembly's die niet zijn geladen, waarbij de naam van het gewenste type of de gewenste typen wordt doorgegeven. Hiermee Type.GetType haalt u de Type objecten op uit een assembly die al is geladen. Gebruik Module.GetType en Module.GetTypes om moduleobjecten Type te verkrijgen.

Notitie

Als u algemene typen en methoden wilt onderzoeken en bewerken, raadpleegt u de aanvullende informatie in Weerspiegeling en Algemene typen en procedures: Algemene typen onderzoeken en instantiëren met Weerspiegeling.

In het volgende voorbeeld ziet u de syntaxis die nodig is om het Assembly object en de module voor een assembly op te halen.

// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly^ a = Object::typeid->Module->Assembly;

// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly a = typeof(object).Module.Assembly;

' Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Dim a As Assembly = GetType(Object).Module.Assembly

In het volgende voorbeeld ziet u hoe u objecten ophaalt Type uit een geladen assembly.

// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly^ a = Assembly::LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
array<Type^>^ types2 = a->GetTypes();
for each (Type^ t in types2)
{
    Console::WriteLine(t->FullName);
}

// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
Type[] types2 = a.GetTypes();
foreach (Type t in types2)
{
    Console.WriteLine(t.FullName);
}

' Loads an assembly using its file name.
Dim a As Assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe")
' Gets the type names from the assembly.
Dim types2() As Type = a.GetTypes()
For Each t As Type In types2
    Console.WriteLine(t.FullName)
Next t

Zodra u een Typehebt verkregen, zijn er veel manieren waarop u informatie over de leden van dat type kunt ontdekken. U kunt bijvoorbeeld meer informatie vinden over alle leden van het type door de Type.GetMembers methode aan te roepen, waarmee een matrix met MemberInfo objecten wordt verkregen die elk van de leden van het huidige type beschrijven.

U kunt ook methoden in de Type klasse gebruiken om informatie op te halen over een of meer constructors, methoden, gebeurtenissen, velden of eigenschappen die u op naam opgeeft. Hiermee wordt bijvoorbeeld Type.GetConstructor een specifieke constructor van de huidige klasse ingekapseld.

Als u een Type, kunt u de Type.Module eigenschap gebruiken om een object te verkrijgen dat de module met dat type inkapselt. Gebruik de Module.Assembly eigenschap om een object te zoeken dat de assembly bevat die de module bevat. U kunt de assembly verkrijgen die het type rechtstreeks inkapselt met behulp van de Type.Assembly eigenschap.

System.Type en ConstructorInfo

In het volgende voorbeeld ziet u hoe u de constructors voor een klasse weergeeft, in dit geval de String klasse.

// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Type^ t = System::String::typeid;
        Console::WriteLine ("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t);
        // Constructors.
        array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Instance);
        Console::WriteLine ("//Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);
    }

    static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
    {
        for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
        {
            Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console::WriteLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    ListMembers::Main();
}

// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using System;
using System.Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Type t = typeof(System.String);
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t);
        // Constructors.
        ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
        Console.WriteLine("//Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);
    }

    public static void PrintMembers(MemberInfo[] ms)
    {
        foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

' This program lists all the public constructors
' of the System.String class.

Imports System.Reflection

Class ListMembers
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim t As Type = GetType(String)
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t)
        ' Constructors.
        Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance))
        Console.WriteLine("//Constructors")
        PrintMembers(ci)
    End Sub
    Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
        Dim m As MemberInfo
        For Each m In ms
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", "     ", m)
        Next m
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub
End Class

MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo en PropertyInfo

Informatie verkrijgen over de methoden, eigenschappen, gebeurtenissen en velden van het type met behulp van MemberInfo, MethodInfoof FieldInfo PropertyInfo objecten.

In het volgende voorbeeld wordt het MemberInfo aantal leden in de System.IO.File klasse weergegeven en wordt de IsPublic eigenschap gebruikt om de zichtbaarheid van de klasse te bepalen.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class MyMemberInfo
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Console::WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
        // Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Type^ myType = Type::GetType("System.IO.File");
        array<MemberInfo^>^ myMemberInfoArray = myType->GetMembers();
        // Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console::WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
            myMemberInfoArray->Length, myType->FullName);
        Console::WriteLine("{0}.", myType->FullName);
        if (myType->IsPublic)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("{0} is public.", myType->FullName);
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
    MyMemberInfo::Main();
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;

class MyMemberInfo
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
        // Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Type myType = Type.GetType("System.IO.File");
        MemberInfo[] myMemberInfoArray = myType.GetMembers();
        // Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console.WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
            myMemberInfoArray.Length, myType.FullName);
        Console.WriteLine("{0}.", myType.FullName);
        if (myType.IsPublic)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} is public.", myType.FullName);
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection

Class MyMemberInfo
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Console.WriteLine("\nReflection.MemberInfo")
        ' Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Dim myType As Type = Type.GetType("System.IO.File")
        Dim myMemberInfoArray() As MemberInfo = myType.GetMembers()
        ' Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console.WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
            myMemberInfoArray.Length, myType.FullName)
        Console.WriteLine("{0}.", myType.FullName)
        If myType.IsPublic
            Console.WriteLine("{0} is public.", myType.FullName)
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

In het volgende voorbeeld wordt het type van het opgegeven lid onderzocht. Het voert reflectie uit op een lid van de MemberInfo klasse en vermeldt het type.

// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class MyMethodInfo
{
public:
    static int Main()
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
        // Gets and displays the Type.
        Type^ myType = Type::GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
        // Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        MethodInfo^ myMethodInfo = myType->GetMethod("GetValue");
        Console::WriteLine(myType->FullName + "." + myMethodInfo->Name);
        // Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        MemberTypes myMemberTypes = myMethodInfo->MemberType;
        if (MemberTypes::Constructor == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Custom == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Event == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Field == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Method == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Property == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::TypeInfo == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
        }
        return 0;
    }
};

int main()
{
    MyMethodInfo::Main();
}

// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using System;
using System.Reflection;

class MyMethodInfo
{
    public static int Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
        // Gets and displays the Type.
        Type myType = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
        // Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        MethodInfo myMethodInfo = myType.GetMethod("GetValue");
        Console.WriteLine(myType.FullName + "." + myMethodInfo.Name);
        // Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        MemberTypes myMemberTypes = myMethodInfo.MemberType;
        if (MemberTypes.Constructor == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Custom == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Event == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Field == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Method == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Property == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.TypeInfo == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

' This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
Imports System.Reflection
Class MyMethodInfo
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo")
        ' Gets and displays the Type.
        Dim myType As Type = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo")
        ' Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        Dim myMethodInfo As MethodInfo = myType.GetMethod("GetValue")
        Console.WriteLine((myType.FullName & "." & myMethodInfo.Name))
        ' Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        Dim myMemberTypes As MemberTypes = myMethodInfo.MemberType
        If MemberTypes.Constructor = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Custom = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Event = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Field = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Method = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Property = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.TypeInfo = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo")
        End If
        Return
    End Sub
End Class

In het volgende voorbeeld worden alle reflectieklassen *Info samen gebruikt BindingFlags om alle leden (constructors, velden, eigenschappen, gebeurtenissen en methoden) van de opgegeven klasse weer te geven, waarbij de leden worden verdeeld in statische en instantiecategorieën.

// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class ListMembers
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        // Specifies the class.
        Type^ t = System::IO::BufferedStream::typeid;
        Console::WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t);

        // Lists static fields first.
        array<FieldInfo^>^ fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Static properties.
        array<PropertyInfo^>^ pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Static events.
        array<EventInfo^>^ ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Static methods.
        array<MethodInfo^>^ mi = t->GetMethods (BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        // Constructors.
        array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Instance |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);

        // Instance fields.
        fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Instance properties.
        pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Instance events.
        ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Instance methods.
        mi = t->GetMethods(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic
            | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        Console::WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
        Console::Read();
    }

    static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
    {
        for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
        {
            Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console::WriteLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    ListMembers::Main();
}

// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Specifies the class.
        Type t = typeof(System.IO.BufferedStream);
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t);

        // Lists static fields first.
        FieldInfo[] fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Static properties.
        PropertyInfo[] pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Static events.
        EventInfo[] ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Static methods.
        MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods (BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        // Constructors.
        ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Instance |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);

        // Instance fields.
        fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Instance properties.
        pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Instance events.
        ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Instance methods.
        mi = t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic
            | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        Console.WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
        Console.Read();
    }

    public static void PrintMembers (MemberInfo [] ms)
    {
        foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
        {
            Console.WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

' This program lists all the members of the
' System.IO.BufferedStream class.
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection

Class ListMembers
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Specifies the class.
        Dim t As Type = GetType(System.IO.BufferedStream)
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t)
        ' Lists static fields first.
        Dim fi As FieldInfo() = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields")
        PrintMembers(fi)
        ' Static properties.
        Dim pi As PropertyInfo() = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties")
        PrintMembers(pi)
        ' Static events.
        Dim ei As EventInfo() = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Events")
        PrintMembers(ei)
        ' Static methods.
        Dim mi As MethodInfo() = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods")
        PrintMembers(mi)
        ' Constructors.
        Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Constructors")
        PrintMembers(ci)
        ' Instance fields.
        fi = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields")
        PrintMembers(fi)
        ' Instance properties.
        pi = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Properties")
        PrintMembers(pi)
        ' Instance events.
        ei = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events")
        PrintMembers(ei)
        ' Instance methods.
        mi = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods")
        PrintMembers(mi)
        Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.CrLf & "Press ENTER to exit.")
        Console.Read()
    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
        Dim m As MemberInfo
        For Each m In ms
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", "     ", m)
        Next m
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub
End Class

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Typegegevens weergeven

System.Type en ConstructorInfo

MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo en PropertyInfo

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