about_WorkflowCommonParameters

Article
09/19/2022

SHORT DESCRIPTION

This topic describes the parameters that are valid on all Windows PowerShell workflow commands. Because the Windows PowerShell engine adds them to workflows, you can use these parameters on any workflow and they are automatically enabled on the workflows that you author.

LONG DESCRIPTION

Windows PowerShell Workflow common parameters are a set of cmdlet parameters that you can use with all Windows PowerShell workflows and activities. They are added by the Windows PowerShell Workflow engine, not by the workflow author, and they are automatically available on workflows and activities. However, workflows that are nested three levels deep do not support any common parameters, including workflow common parameters.

All workflow parameters are optional and named (not positional). They do not take input from the pipeline.

Most of the workflow common parameters have a PS prefix, such as PSComputerName and PSCredential. The PS-prefixed parameters configure the connection and the execution environment for the target computers, also known as "remote nodes."

Many of the workflow common parameters, such as PSAllowRedirection and AsJob, have names that are similar to parameters used in Windows PowerShell remoting and background jobs. These parameters work in the same way as the similarly-named remoting and job parameters, so you can use the knowledge that you developed in remoting and jobs to manage workflows.

Workflows are introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

PARAMETER DESCRIPTIONS

This section describes the workflow common parameters.

-AsJob <SwitchParameter>

Runs the workflow as a workflow job. The workflow command immediately returns an object that represents a parent job. The parent job contains the child jobs that are running on each of the target computers. To manage the job, use the Job cmdlets. To get the job results, use Receive-Job.

-JobName <String>

Specifies a friendly name for the workflow job. By default, jobs are named Job<n>, where <n> is an ordinal number.

If you use the JobName parameter in a workflow command, the workflow is run as a job and the workflow command returns a job object, even if you do not include the AsJob parameter in the command.

For more information about Windows PowerShell background jobs, see about_Jobs.

-PSAllowRedirection <SwitchParameter>

Allows redirection of the connection to the target computers.

When you use the PSConnectionURI parameter, the remote destination can return an instruction to redirect to a different URI. By default, Windows PowerShell does not redirect connections, but you can use the PSAllowRedirection parameter to allow redirection of the connection to the target computer.

You can also limit the number of times that the connection is redirected by setting the MaximumConnectionRedirectionCount property of the $PSSessionOption preference variable, or the MaximumConnectionRedirectionCount property of the value of the PSSessionOption parameter. The default value is 5. For more information, see the description of the PSSessionOption parameter and New-PSSessionOption.

-PSApplicationName <String>

Specifies the application name segment of the connection URI that is used to connect to the target computers. Use this parameter to specify the application name when you are not using the ConnectionURI parameter in the command.

The default value is the value of the $PSSessionApplicationName preference variable on the local computer. If this preference variable is not defined, the default value is WSMAN. This value is appropriate for most uses. For more information, see about_Preference_Variables.

The WinRM service uses the application name to select a listener to service the connection request. The value of this parameter should match the value of the URLPrefix property of a listener on the remote computer.

-PSAuthentication <AuthenticationMechanism>

Specifies the mechanism that is used to authenticate the user's credentials when connecting to the target computers.

Valid values are:

Default
Basic
Credssp
Digest
Kerberos
Negotiate
NegotiateWithImplicitCredential

The default value is Default.

For information about the values of this parameter, see the description of the System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.AuthenticationMechanism enumeration in the PowerShell SDK.

Warning

Credential Security Service Provider (CredSSP) authentication, in which the user's credentials are passed to a remote computer to be authenticated, is designed for commands that require authentication on more than one resource, such as accessing a remote network share. This mechanism increases the security risk of the remote operation. If the remote computer is compromised, the credentials that are passed to it can be used to control the network session.

-PSAuthenticationLevel <AuthenticationLevel>

Specifies the authentication level for the connections to the target computers. The default value is Default.

Valid values are:

Name	Description
`Unchanged`	The authentication level is the same as the previous command.
`Default`	Windows Authentication.
`None`	No COM authentication.
`Connect`	Connect-level COM authentication.
`Call`	Call-level COM authentication.
`Packet`	Packet-level COM authentication.
`PacketIntegrity`	Packet Integrity-level COM authentication.
`PacketPrivacy`	Packet Privacy-level COM authentication.

-PSCertificateThumbprint <String>

Specifies the digital public key certificate (X509) of a user account that has permission to perform this action. Enter the certificate thumbprint of the certificate.

Certificates are used in client certificate-based authentication. They can only be mapped to local user accounts; they do not work with domain accounts.

To get a certificate, use the Get-Item or Get-ChildItem cmdlets in the Windows PowerShell Cert: drive.

-PSComputerName <String[]>

Specifies the list of computers that are the target nodes of the workflow. Commands or activities in a workflow are run on the computers that are specified by using this parameter. The default is the local computer.

Type the NETBIOS name, IP address, or fully-qualified domain name of one or more computers in a comma-separated list. To specify the local computer, type the computer name, localhost, or a dot (.).

To include the local computer in the value of the PSComputerName parameter, open Windows PowerShell with the Run as administrator option.

If this parameter is omitted from the command, or it value is $null or an empty string, the workflow target is the local computer and Windows PowerShell remoting is not used to run the command.

To use an IP address in the value of the ComputerName parameter, the command must include the PSCredential parameter. Also, the computer must be configured for HTTPS transport or the IP address of the remote computer must be included in the WinRM TrustedHosts list on the local computer. For instructions for adding a computer name to the TrustedHosts list, see "How to Add a Computer to the Trusted Host List" in about_Remote_Troubleshooting.

-PSConfigurationName <String>

Specifies the session configurations that are used to configure sessions on the target computers. Enter a session configuration on the target computers (not the workflow server computer). The default is Microsoft.PowerShell.Workflow.

-PSConnectionRetryCount <UInt>

Specifies the maximum number of attempts to connect to each target computer if the first connection attempt fails. Enter a number between 1 and 4,294,967,295 (UInt.MaxValue). The default value, zero (0), represents no retry attempts.

-PSConnectionRetryIntervalSec <UInt>

Specifies the delay between connection retry attempts in seconds. The default value is zero (0). This parameter is valid only when the value of PSConnectionRetryCount is at least 1.

-PSConnectionURI <System.Uri>

Specifies a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that defines the connection endpoint for the workflow on the target computer. The URI must be fully qualified.

The format of this string is as follows:

<Transport>://<ComputerName>:<Port>/<ApplicationName>

The default value is http://localhost:5985/WSMAN.

If you do not specify a PSConnectionURI, you can use the PSUseSSL, PSComputerName, PSPort, and PSApplicationName parameters to specify the PSConnectionURI values.

Valid values for the Transport segment of the URI are HTTP and HTTPS. If you specify a connection URI with a Transport segment, but do not specify a port, the session is created with standards ports: 80 for HTTP and 443 for HTTPS. To use the default ports for Windows PowerShell remoting, specify port 5985 for HTTP or 5986 for HTTPS.

-PSCredential <PSCredential>

Specifies a user account that has permission to run a workflow on the target computer. The default is the current user. This parameter is valid only when the PSComputerName parameter is included in the command.

Type a user name, such as User01 or Domain01\User01, or enter a variable that contains a PSCredential object, such as one that the Get-Credential cmdlet returns. If you enter only a user name, you are prompted for a password.

-PSElapsedTimeoutSec <UInt32>

Determines how long the workflow and all related resources are maintained in the system. When the timeout expires, the workflow is deleted, even if it is still processing. Enter a value between 10 and 4,294,967,295. The default value, 0 (zero), means that there is no elapsed timeout.

-PSParameterCollection <Hashtable[]>

Specifies different workflow common parameter values for different target computers.

Enter a comma-separated list of hash tables with one hash table for each target computer. In each hash table, the first key is PSComputerName and its value is the name of the target computer. Wildcard characters are permitted in the computer name. For the remaining keys in the hash table, the key is the parameter name and the value is the parameter value.

For example:

-PSParameterCollection @{PSComputerName="*"; PSElapsedTimeoutSec=20},
@{PSComputerName="Server02"},
@{PSComputerName="Server03"},
@{PSComputerName="Server01"; PSElapsedTimeoutSec=10}

In the above example, all connections will have a default PSElapsedTimeoutSec of 20 seconds, except for Server01 which overrides the default value by specifying its own timeout of 10 seconds.

-PSPersist <Boolean>

Adds checkpoints to the workflow, in addition to any checkpoints that are specified in the workflow.

This parameter cannot suppress the checkpoints in a workflow, such as those specified by using the PSPersist activity common parameter, the Checkpoint-Workflow activity, or the $PSPersistPreference variable.

A "checkpoint" or "persistence point" is a snapshot of the workflow state and data that is captured while the workflow runs and is saved to a persistence store on disk or in a SQL database. Windows PowerShell Workflow uses the saved data to resume a suspended or interrupted workflow from the last persistence point, rather than to restart the workflow.

Valid values:

(Default) If you omit this parameter, a checkpoint is added to the beginning and end of the workflow, in addition to any checkpoints that are specified in the workflow.
$True. Adds a checkpoint to the beginning and end of the workflow and a checkpoint after each activity, in addition to any checkpoints that are specified in the workflow.
$False. No checkpoints are added. Checkpoints are taken only when specified in the workflow.

-PSPort <Int32>

Specifies the network port on the target computers. The default ports are 5985 (the WinRM port for HTTP) and 5986 (the WinRM port for HTTPS).

Do not use the PSPort parameter unless you must. The port set in the command applies to all computers or sessions on which the command runs. An alternate port setting might prevent the command from running on all computers. Before using an alternate port, you must configure the WinRM listener on the remote computer to listen at that port.

-PSPrivateMetadata <Hashtable>

Provides customized information to workflow jobs. Enter a hash table. The keys and values are customized for each workflow. For information about the private metadata of a workflow, see the help topic for the workflow.

This parameter is not processed by the Windows PowerShell Workflow engine. Instead, the engine passes the hash table directly to the workflow.

-PSRunningTimeoutSec <UInt32>

Specifies the running time of the workflow in seconds, excluding any time that the workflow is suspended. If workflow execution is not complete when the time expires, the Windows PowerShell Workflow engine forcibly stops the execution of the workflow.

-PSSessionOption <PSSessionOption>

Sets advanced options for the sessions to the target computers. Enter a PSSessionOption object, such as one that you create by using the New-PSSessionOption cmdlet.

The default values for the session options are determined by the value of the $PSSessionOption preference variable, if it is set. Otherwise, the session uses the values specified in the session configuration.

For a description of the session options, including the default values, see the New-PSSessionOption. For information about the $PSSessionOption preference variable, see about_Preference_Variables.

-PSUseSSL <SwitchParameter>

Uses the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol to establish a connection to the target computer. By default, SSL is not used.

WS-Management encrypts all Windows PowerShell content transmitted over the network. UseSSL is an additional protection that sends the data across an HTTPS, instead of HTTP. If you use this parameter, but SSL is not available on the port used for the command, the command fails.

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