Página de ajuda de serviço HTTP Web do WCF

O .NET Framework 4.6.1 fornece uma página de ajuda automática para serviços HTTP WEB do WCF. Esta página de ajuda lista uma descrição de cada operação, formatos de solicitação e resposta e esquemas. Essa funcionalidade é desativada por padrão. Quando um usuário navega para um serviço HTTP WEB do WCF e acrescenta "/Help" ao final da URL, por exemplo, http://localhost:8000/Customers/Help, uma página de ajuda como a seguinte é exibida.

Em seguida, o usuário poderá clicar em qualquer método listado na página de ajuda e a página detalhada dessa operação é exibida mostrando mais informações sobre o método, incluindo formatos de mensagem e exemplos de resposta. A imagem a seguir é um exemplo de uma página de ajuda para um método.

Usando a página de Ajuda HTTP Web do WCF

A página de Ajuda HTTP WEB do WCF exibe uma breve descrição de cada operação, desde que você especifique uma usando o DescriptionAttribute. Esse atributo usa uma cadeia de caracteres que contém uma breve descrição da operação à qual ele é aplicado. Por exemplo, o código a seguir mostra como usar o DescriptionAttribute para fornecer uma breve descrição.

[OperationContract]  
[WebGet(UriTemplate="/template1", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare)]  
[Description("Description for GET /template1")]  
SyndicationFeedFormatter GetTemplate1();  

Para ativar a página de Ajuda HTTP WEB do WCF, você deve adicionar um comportamento de ponto de extremidade aos pontos de extremidade do serviço. Isso pode ser feito na configuração ou no código. Para habilitar a idade da Ajuda HTTP da WEB do WCF na configuração, adicione um comportamento de ponto de extremidade com um elemento <webHttp>, defina helpEnabled como true e adicione um ponto de extremidade e configure-o para usar o comportamento do ponto de extremidade. O código de configuração a seguir mostra como fazer isso.

<endpointBehaviors>  
   <behavior name="RESTEndpointBehavior">  
      <webHttp helpEnabled="true"/>  
   </behavior>  
</endpointBehaviors>  
<!-- ... -->  
<services>  
   <service behaviorConfiguration="RESTWebServiceBehavior" name="RESTWebService">      <endpoint address="" kind="webHttpEndpoint" behaviorConfiguration="RESTEndpointBehavior" contract="IHello" />  
  
      <!-- ... -->  
   </service>  
</services>  

Para habilitar a página da Ajuda HTTP WEB do WCF no código, adicione um ponto de extremidade de serviço e adicione um WebHttpBehavior à configuração do ponto de extremidade HelpEnabled a true. O código a seguir mostra como fazer isso.

using (WebServiceHost host = new WebServiceHost(typeof(Service), new Uri("http://localhost:8000/Customers")))  
{  
   host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICustomerCollection), new WebHttpBinding(), "");
   host.Description.Endpoints[0].Behaviors.Add(new WebHttpBehavior { EnableHelp = true });  
   // ...  
}  

A página de ajuda é baseada em XHTML com marcação que identifica as diferentes partes da página. Isso permite que os clientes acessem programaticamente a página usando XElement ou outras APIs XLinq.

Esquemas usados na página de ajuda do serviço HTTP Web do WCF

Os esquemas a seguir são usados na página de ajuda do serviço HTTP Web do WCF.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>  
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" attributeFormDefault="qualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  
  <xs:element name="anyType" nillable="true" type="xs:anyType" />  
  <xs:element name="anyURI" nillable="true" type="xs:anyURI" />  
  <xs:element name="base64Binary" nillable="true" type="xs:base64Binary" />  
  <xs:element name="boolean" nillable="true" type="xs:boolean" />  
  <xs:element name="byte" nillable="true" type="xs:byte" />  
  <xs:element name="dateTime" nillable="true" type="xs:dateTime" />  
  <xs:element name="decimal" nillable="true" type="xs:decimal" />  
  <xs:element name="double" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />  
  <xs:element name="float" nillable="true" type="xs:float" />  
  <xs:element name="int" nillable="true" type="xs:int" />  
  <xs:element name="long" nillable="true" type="xs:long" />  
  <xs:element name="QName" nillable="true" type="xs:QName" />  
  <xs:element name="short" nillable="true" type="xs:short" />  
  <xs:element name="string" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />  
  <xs:element name="unsignedByte" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedByte" />  
  <xs:element name="unsignedInt" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedInt" />  
  <xs:element name="unsignedLong" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedLong" />  
  <xs:element name="unsignedShort" nillable="true" type="xs:unsignedShort" />  
  <xs:element name="char" nillable="true" type="tns:char" />  
  <xs:simpleType name="char">  
    <xs:restriction base="xs:int" />  
  </xs:simpleType>  
  <xs:element name="duration" nillable="true" type="tns:duration" />  
  <xs:simpleType name="duration">  
    <xs:restriction base="xs:duration">  
      <xs:pattern value="\-?P(\d*D)?(T(\d*H)?(\d*M)?(\d*(\.\d*)?S)?)?" />  
      <xs:minInclusive value="-P10675199DT2H48M5.4775808S" />  
      <xs:maxInclusive value="P10675199DT2H48M5.4775807S" />  
    </xs:restriction>  
  </xs:simpleType>  
  <xs:element name="guid" nillable="true" type="tns:guid" />  
  <xs:simpleType name="guid">  
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">  
      <xs:pattern value="[\da-fA-F]{8}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{4}-[\da-fA-F]{12}" />  
    </xs:restriction>  
  </xs:simpleType>  
  <xs:attribute name="FactoryType" type="xs:QName" />  
  <xs:attribute name="Id" type="xs:ID" />  
  <xs:attribute name="Ref" type="xs:IDREF" />  
</xs:schema>  
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>  
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/types/" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/types/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  
  <xs:simpleType name="guid">  
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">  
      <xs:pattern value="[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}" />  
    </xs:restriction>  
  </xs:simpleType>  
  <xs:simpleType name="char">  
    <xs:restriction base="xs:unsignedShort" />  
  </xs:simpleType>  
</xs:schema>  
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>  
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  
  <xs:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" />  
  <xs:complexType name="DateTimeOffset">  
    <xs:annotation>  
      <xs:appinfo>  
        <IsValueType xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">true</IsValueType>  
      </xs:appinfo>  
    </xs:annotation>  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element name="DateTime" type="xs:dateTime" />  
      <xs:element name="OffsetMinutes" type="xs:short" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="DateTimeOffset" nillable="true" type="tns:DateTimeOffset" />  
  <xs:complexType name="DBNull">  
    <xs:sequence />  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="DBNull" nillable="true" type="tns:DBNull" />  
</xs:schema>  
  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>  
<xs:schema xmlns:tns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:ser="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  
  <xs:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfboolean">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="boolean" type="xs:boolean" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfboolean" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfboolean" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfchar">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="char" type="ser:char" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfchar" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfchar" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfdateTime">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="dateTime" type="xs:dateTime" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfdateTime" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfdateTime" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfdecimal">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="decimal" type="xs:decimal" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfdecimal" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfdecimal" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfdouble">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="double" type="xs:double" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfdouble" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfdouble" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOffloat">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="float" type="xs:float" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOffloat" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOffloat" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfguid">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="guid" type="ser:guid" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfguid" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfguid" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfint">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="int" type="xs:int" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfint" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfint" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOflong">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="long" type="xs:long" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOflong" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOflong" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfshort">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="short" type="xs:short" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfshort" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfshort" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfstring">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="string" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfstring" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfstring" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfduration">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="duration" type="ser:duration" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfduration" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfduration" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfunsignedInt">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="unsignedInt" type="xs:unsignedInt" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfunsignedInt" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfunsignedInt" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfunsignedLong">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="unsignedLong" type="xs:unsignedLong" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfunsignedLong" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfunsignedLong" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfunsignedShort">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="unsignedShort" type="xs:unsignedShort" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfunsignedShort" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfunsignedShort" />  
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfQName">  
    <xs:sequence>  
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="QName" nillable="true" type="xs:QName" />  
    </xs:sequence>  
  </xs:complexType>  
  <xs:element name="ArrayOfQName" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfQName" />  
</xs:schema>  

Para obter mais informações sobre o esquema de serialização do contrato de dados, confira Referência de esquema de contrato de dados.