Selecting Data to Capture
As part of the browse-select-view (BSV) model, Message Analyzer provides a data selection feature that enables you to define the scope of the information that you capture or load through a session. Although the concept of data selection applies equally to capturing data in a Live Trace Session or loading saved data through a Data Retrieval Session, with exception of using different filter types in some cases, this section focuses on selecting data in a Live Trace Session.
Using Data Selection
Data selection is not exactly a specific user interface element that you can locate, but rather, more of an approach you can take to focus on obtaining the precise data you need to work with to quickly solve problems. In Message Analyzer, the goal of data selection is to acquire the least amount of data necessary to resolve an issue, in order to minimize consumption of system resources, improve performance, and streamline the data analysis process.
Message Analyzer provides several tools that you can use to create this focus, as indicated in the list below. To use these data selection capabilities, you will typically create a Live Trace Session (or Data Retrieval Session) that selects specific data based on configurable criteria, prior to starting the actual data capture process. During data capture, the selection criteria that you configured is applied. This context enables you to narrow the focus of the data capture process to only the message data that you want to work with.
Isolating Specific Types of Message Data
A very effective means of isolating specific message types in a Live Trace Session consists of using filters to return only the type of message data that you choose, while blocking all data that does not specifically meet your designated filtering criteria. The effects of filtering can be initiated at a high-level or a low-level to select the data that you want to extract from a Live Trace Session, as described in the subsections that follow.
Selecting Data with High-Level Filtering
High-level filtering enables you to alter the overall session results that you obtain and will also impact the effects of any low-level filters that you specified. As a result of applying such a combination of filter types, you might not return the results you expect unless you consider how to combine them correctly. For example, if you specify a low-level Fast Filter that passes specific traffic on a particular port, you should ensure that you do not also specify a high-level Session Filter that somehow overrides the effects of the specified Fast Filter, or you might fail to see the data you are expecting. However, note that while you have the option of changing or removing a Session Filter in the Edit Session dialog for a set of trace results, you cannot alter the effects of an applied Fast Filter.
You might also consider that you can limit the level to which Message Analyzer parses by specifying a Parsing Level. For example, if you specified a low-level Fast Filter to pass some Application Layer traffic on a particular port and you also limit parsing to the Network Layer, Message Analyzer will not parse or display any of the Application Layer traffic.
During configuration of a Live Trace Session, you can specify the primary high-level filters as follows. Note that a Session Filter and the Parsing Level drop-down list are shown in the figure of the topic Using a Session Filter.
Session Filter — select a Session Filter item from the Message Analyzer Filters asset collection Library in the Session Filter text box of the New Session dialog, in a category that is relevant to the Trace Scenario you have selected for your Live Trace Session. For example, if you selected the Pre-Encrypted for HTTPS scenario from the Select Scenario drop-down list on the Live Trace tab in the New Session dialog, it could be advantageous to also select the
HTTP.StatusCode >=400Session Filter in the HTTP category to focus on HTTP errors that are occurring on the client.For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of a Session Filter, see Working with Session Filters in a Live Trace Session.
Parsing Level filter — choose a Parsing Level to return a set of messages that are constrained by the upper stack level to which Message Analyzer parses. This feature simultaneously creates a unique analysis perspective and a focused set of messages, while improving performance by removing all messages above the specified Parsing Level.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of a Parsing Level, see Setting the Session Parsing Level.
Tip
You can also filter trace results data by applying a view Filter in an Analysis Session. Note that while you can remove the effects of a view Filter on a set of trace results, the effect of using a Fast Filter, as described ahead, is inherent to a given set of trace results and cannot be changed unless you rerun the trace with a change in the Fast Filter configuration. However, you have the option to modify a Session Filter or specify a different one and apply those changes to a set of trace results, if you do so through the Edit Session dialog, which is accessible only after your initial trace completes.
Selecting Data with Low Level Filtering
Message Analyzer also enables you to specify other types of filtering during Live Trace Session configuration, such as low-level Fast Filters, WFP Layer Set filters, event Keyword bitmask and error Level filters, and others, You can even use Trace Scenarios to select specific data in a Live Trace Session. These filters consist of the following:
Fast Filter — configure these filters from the Advanced Settings dialog for Trace Scenarios that use the Microsoft-PEF-WFP-MessageProvider or the Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture provider. Fast Filters work at the provider/driver level, which means that you can isolate the messages you want to focus on without incurring any Message Analyzer parsing time to apply the filtering criteria. This is partly what makes Fast Filters so efficient and quick.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of a Fast Filter, see the PEF-NDIS Fast Filters and PEF-WFP Fast Filters topics.
WFP Layer Set filters — use these filters to specify the direction in which data is captured at the Transport Layer for IPv4 and IPv6, in scenarios that use the Microsoft-PEF-WFP-MessageProvider.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of WFP Layer Set filters, see the PEF-WFP Layer Set Filters topic.
WebProxy filters — use HTTP filters such as Hostname and Port to isolate HTTP messages from a particular host or on a specified port in scenarios that use the Microsoft-PEF-WebProxy/Fiddler provider, such as the Pre-Encrypted for HTTPS scenario.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of a WebProxy filter, see the WebProxy Filters topic.
Keyword and Level filters — specify event Keyword bitmasks and/or error Level settings to match system ETW Provider event configurations and thereby select specific events to be returned from a Live Trace Session.
For further details about specifying Keyword bitmasks and Level settings, see System ETW Provider Event Keyword/Level Settings.
Adapter filters — select specific data from a trace by applying Fast Filter groups to local host adapters in scenarios that use the Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture provider; or apply remote host adapter or Hyper-V-Switch layer, payload, and other special filters in scenarios that use the Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture provider.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of an Adapter filter during Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture provider configuration, see Using the Advanced Settings - Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture Dialog.
For further details about how to select data from a Live Trace Session with the use of an Adapter filter during Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture provider configuration, see Using the Advanced Settings - Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture Dialog.
Selecting Data with a Trace Scenario
The Trace Scenario that you select for your Live Trace Session can have an impact on the data that you return. For example, you could select a Trace Scenario that uses a message provider that focuses on a particular stack level, such as the Loopback and Unencrypted IPSEC scenario. This scenario focuses on messages above the IP/Network Layer while filtering out most lower-level noise at the Data Link Layer, such as broadcast traffic.
You could also select a Trace Scenario that employs predefined filtering to return a specific result, such as the Local Loopback Network scenario, which uses two Fast Filters and WFP Layer Set filters to pass only loopback traffic. Moreover, you might select a Trace Scenario, such as the VPN scenario, that employs a number of system ETW Providers that focus on returning specific messages and events that are useful when you are troubleshooting VPN issues.
You might also create your own Trace Scenario by selecting one or more system ETW providers from the Add Provider drop-down list in the New Session dialog during Live Trace Session configuration, to create focus on specific types of messages to retrieve during live capture.
For further details about selecting a Trace Scenario to return specific types of data, see the Selecting a Trace Scenario section.
More Information
To learn more about the configuration features of the Advanced Settings dialogs for the Microsoft-PEF-WFP-MessageProvider, Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture provider, and the Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture provider, see the following topics:
Using the Advanced Settings- Microsoft-PEF-WFP-MessageProvider Dialog — describes how to configure Fast Filters, Discarded Packet Events, and WFP Layer Set filters (packet direction at the Transport Layer).
Using the Advanced Settings - Microsoft-PEF-NDIS-PacketCapture Dialog — describes how to select adapters, configure Fast Filters, and create Fast Filter groups to apply to local host adapters.
Using the Advanced Settings - Microsoft-Windows-NDIS-PacketCapture Dialog — describes how to configure advanced packet direction and layer filtering configurations for the NDIS stack and Hyper-V-Switch extension layers on remote (or local) hosts, in addition to packet Truncation filters and special message payload filtering such as EtherType and IP Protocol Numbers.