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为 Azure Cosmos DB 创建数据库和容器 - API for NoSQL

适用范围： NoSQL

注意

建议使用 Azure Az PowerShell 模块与 Azure 交互。 若要开始，请参阅安装 Azure PowerShell。 若要了解如何迁移到 Az PowerShell 模块，请参阅 将 Azure PowerShell 从 AzureRM 迁移到 Az。

本示例需要 Azure PowerShell Az 5.4.0 或更高版本。 运行 Get-Module -ListAvailable Az，查看已安装哪些版本。 如果需要安装，请参阅安装 Azure PowerShell 模块。

通过运行 Connect-AzAccount 登录到 Azure。

示例脚本

此脚本在两个具有会话级一致性的区域、一个数据库和一个具有分区键、自定义索引策略、唯一键策略、TTL、专用吞吐量和“以最后一次写入为准”冲突解决策略的容器中使用在 multipleWriteLocations=true 时将使用的自定义冲突解决路径为 API for NoSQL 创建 Azure Cosmos DB 帐户。

# Reference: Az.CosmosDB | https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/az.cosmosdb
# --------------------------------------------------
# Purpose
# Create Cosmos SQL API account, database, and container with dedicated throughput,
# indexing policy with include, exclude, and composite paths, unique key, and conflict resolution
# --------------------------------------------------
Function New-RandomString{Param ([Int]$Length = 10) return $(-join ((97..122) + (48..57) | Get-Random -Count $Length | ForEach-Object {[char]$_}))}
# --------------------------------------------------
$uniqueId = New-RandomString -Length 7 # Random alphanumeric string for unique resource names
$apiKind = "Sql"
# --------------------------------------------------
# Variables - ***** SUBSTITUTE YOUR VALUES *****
$locations = @()
$locations += New-AzCosmosDBLocationObject -LocationName "East Us" -FailoverPriority 0 -IsZoneRedundant 0
$locations += New-AzCosmosDBLocationObject -LocationName "West Us" -FailoverPriority 1 -IsZoneRedundant 0

$resourceGroupName = "myResourceGroup" # Resource Group must already exist
$accountName = "cosmos-$uniqueId" # Must be all lower case
$consistencyLevel = "Session"
$tags = @{Tag1 = "MyTag1"; Tag2 = "MyTag2"; Tag3 = "MyTag3"}
$databaseName = "myDatabase"
$containerName = "myContainer"
$containerRUs = 400
$partitionKeyPath = "/myPartitionKey"
$indexPathIncluded = "/*"
$compositeIndexPaths1 = @(
    @{ Path = "/myCompositePath1"; Order = "ascending" };
    @{ Path = "/myCompositePath2"; Order = "descending" }
)
$compositeIndexPaths2 = @(
    @{ Path = "/myCompositePath3"; Order = "ascending" };
    @{ Path = "/myCompositePath4"; Order = "descending" }
)
$indexPathExcluded = "/myExcludedPath/*"
$uniqueKeyPath = "/myUniqueKeyPath"
$conflictResolutionPath = "/myResolutionPath"
$ttlInSeconds = 120 # Set this to -1 (or don't use it at all) to never expire
# --------------------------------------------------
Write-Host "Creating account $accountName"

$account = New-AzCosmosDBAccount -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
    -LocationObject $locations -Name $accountName -ApiKind $apiKind -Tag $tags `
    -DefaultConsistencyLevel $consistencyLevel `
    -EnableAutomaticFailover:$true

Write-Host "Creating database $databaseName"
$database = New-AzCosmosDBSqlDatabase -ParentObject $account -Name $databaseName

$uniqueKey = New-AzCosmosDBSqlUniqueKey -Path $uniqueKeyPath
$uniqueKeyPolicy = New-AzCosmosDBSqlUniqueKeyPolicy -UniqueKey $uniqueKey

$compositePath1 = @()
ForEach ($compositeIndexPath in $compositeIndexPaths1) {
    $compositePath1 += New-AzCosmosDBSqlCompositePath `
        -Path $compositeIndexPath.Path `
        -Order $compositeIndexPath.Order
}

$compositePath2 = @()
ForEach ($compositeIndexPath in $compositeIndexPaths2) {
    $compositePath2 += New-AzCosmosDBSqlCompositePath `
        -Path $compositeIndexPath.Path `
        -Order $compositeIndexPath.Order
}

$includedPathIndex = New-AzCosmosDBSqlIncludedPathIndex -DataType String -Kind Range
$includedPath = New-AzCosmosDBSqlIncludedPath -Path $indexPathIncluded -Index $includedPathIndex

$indexingPolicy = New-AzCosmosDBSqlIndexingPolicy `
    -IncludedPath $includedPath `
    -CompositePath @($compositePath1, $compositePath2) `
    -ExcludedPath $indexPathExcluded `
    -IndexingMode Consistent -Automatic $true

# Conflict resolution policies only apply in multi-master accounts.
# Included here to show custom resolution path.
$conflictResolutionPolicy = New-AzCosmosDBSqlConflictResolutionPolicy `
    -Type LastWriterWins -Path $conflictResolutionPath

Write-Host "Creating container $containerName"
$container = New-AzCosmosDBSqlContainer `
    -ParentObject $database -Name $containerName `
    -Throughput $containerRUs -IndexingPolicy $indexingPolicy `
    -PartitionKeyKind Hash -PartitionKeyPath $partitionKeyPath `
    -UniqueKeyPolicy $uniqueKeyPolicy `
    -ConflictResolutionPolicy $conflictResolutionPolicy `
    -TtlInSeconds $ttlInSeconds

清理部署

运行脚本示例后，可以使用以下命令删除资源组以及与其关联的所有资源。

Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName "myResourceGroup"

脚本说明

此脚本使用以下命令。 表中的每条命令均链接到特定于命令的文档。

命令	注释
Azure Cosmos DB
New-AzCosmosDBAccount	创建 Azure Cosmos DB 帐户。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlDatabase	创建 Azure Cosmos DB SQL 数据库。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlUniqueKey	创建一个 PSSqlUniqueKey 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlUniqueKeyPolicy 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlUniqueKeyPolicy	创建一个 PSSqlUniqueKeyPolicy 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlContainer 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlCompositePath	创建一个 PSCompositePath 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlIndexingPolicy 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlIncludedPathIndex	创建一个 PSIndexes 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlIncludedPath 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlIncludedPath	创建一个 PSIncludedPath 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlIndexingPolicy 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlIndexingPolicy	创建一个 PSSqlIndexingPolicy 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlContainer 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlConflictResolutionPolicy	创建一个 PSSqlConflictResolutionPolicy 对象，用作 New-AzCosmosDBSqlContainer 的参数。
New-AzCosmosDBSqlContainer	创建新的 Azure Cosmos DB SQL 容器。
Azure 资源组
Remove-AzResourceGroup	删除资源组，包括所有嵌套的资源。

后续步骤

有关 Azure PowerShell 的详细信息，请参阅 Azure PowerShell 文档。