runOnce 部署策略通过一次执行其每个步骤来推出更改。
runOnce:
preDeploy: # Pre deploy hook for runOnce deployment strategy.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where pre deploy steps will run.
deploy: # Deploy hook for runOnce deployment strategy.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where deploy steps will run.
routeTraffic: # Route traffic hook for runOnce deployment strategy.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where route traffic steps will run.
postRouteTraffic: # Post route traffic hook for runOnce deployment strategy.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where post route traffic steps will run.
on: # On success or failure hook for runOnce deployment strategy.
failure: # Runs on failure of any step.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where post on failure steps will run.
success: # Runs on success of all of the steps.
steps: [ task | script | powershell | pwsh | bash | checkout | download | downloadBuild | getPackage | publish | template | reviewApp ] # A list of steps to run.
pool: string | pool # Pool where on success steps will run.
引用此定义的定义：jobs.deployment.strategy
性能
preDeploy
preDeployHook。
RunOnce 部署策略的预部署挂钩。
deploy
deployHook。
runOnce 部署策略的部署挂钩。
routeTraffic
routeTrafficHook。
runOnce 部署策略的路由流量挂钩。
postRouteTraffic
postRouteTrafficHook。
RunOnce 部署策略的 Post 路由流量挂钩。
on
onSuccessOrFailureHook。
runOnce 部署策略的成功或失败挂钩。
注解
runOnce 是最简单的部署策略，其中所有生命周期挂钩（即 preDeploydeploy、routeTraffic和 postRouteTraffic）执行一次。 然后，执行 on:success 或 on:failure。
生命周期挂钩的说明
preDeploy：用于在应用程序部署启动之前运行初始化资源的步骤。
deploy：用于运行部署应用程序的步骤。 下载项目任务将仅在部署作业的 deploy 挂钩中自动注入。 若要停止下载项目，请使用 - download: none 或选择要下载的特定项目，方法是指定 下载管道项目任务。
routeTraffic：用于运行向更新版本的流量提供服务的步骤。
postRouteTraffic：用于在路由流量后运行步骤。 通常，这些任务会监视已更新版本的运行状况，以指定间隔。
on: failure 或 on: success：用于运行回滚作或清理的步骤。
例子
以下示例 YAML 代码片段通过 runOnce 部署策略演示了部署作业的简单用法。 该示例包括签出步骤。
jobs:
# Track deployments on the environment.
- deployment: DeployWeb
displayName: deploy Web App
pool:
vmImage: ubuntu-latest
# Creates an environment if it doesn't exist.
environment: 'smarthotel-dev'
strategy:
runOnce:
deploy:
steps:
- checkout: self
- script: echo my first deployment
每次运行此作业时，都会根据 smarthotel-dev 环境记录部署历史记录。
注释
- 还可以创建一个具有空资源的环境，并将其用作抽象 shell 来记录部署历史记录，如前面的示例所示。
下一个示例演示如何将管道引用环境和资源作为部署作业的目标。
jobs:
- deployment: DeployWeb
displayName: deploy Web App
pool:
vmImage: ubuntu-latest
# Records deployment against bookings resource - Kubernetes namespace.
environment: 'smarthotel-dev.bookings'
strategy:
runOnce:
deploy:
steps:
# No need to explicitly pass the connection details.
- task: KubernetesManifest@0
displayName: Deploy to Kubernetes cluster
inputs:
action: deploy
namespace: $(k8sNamespace)
manifests: |
$(System.ArtifactsDirectory)/manifests/*
imagePullSecrets: |
$(imagePullSecret)
containers: |
$(containerRegistry)/$(imageRepository):$(tag)
此方法具有以下优势：
- 记录环境中特定资源的部署历史记录，而不是记录环境中所有资源的历史记录。
- 部署作业中的步骤 自动继承 资源的连接详细信息（在本例中为 Kubernetes 命名空间
smarthotel-dev.bookings），因为部署作业链接到环境。 在为作业的多个步骤设置相同的连接详细信息的情况下，这非常有用。