如何：实现 ICommandSource

项目
05/04/2023

此示例演示如何通过实现 ICommandSource 创建命令源。命令源是知道如何调用命令的对象。 ICommandSource 接口公开三个成员：

Command：将调用的命令。
CommandParameter：从命令源传递到处理命令的方法的用户定义数据类型。
CommandTarget：在其上执行该命令的对象。

在此示例中，创建的类将继承自 Slider 控件并实现 ICommandSource 接口。

示例

WPF 提供了几个实现 ICommandSource 的类，如 Button、MenuItem 和 Hyperlink。命令源定义如何调用命令。这些类在被单击时调用命令，并且仅在它们的 Command 属性被设置时成为命令源。

在此示例中，当滑块移动时，或者更准确地说，当 Value 属性更改时，你将调用该命令。

下面是类定义：

public class CommandSlider : Slider, ICommandSource
{
    public CommandSlider() : base()
    {
    }

Public Class CommandSlider
    Inherits Slider
    Implements ICommandSource
    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New()

    End Sub

下一步是实现 ICommandSource 成员。在此示例中，属性作为 DependencyProperty 对象实现。这使属性能够使用数据绑定。有关 DependencyProperty 类的详细信息，请参阅依赖属性概述。有关数据绑定的详细信息，请参阅数据绑定概述。

此处仅显示 Command 属性。

// Make Command a dependency property so it can use databinding.
public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandProperty =
    DependencyProperty.Register(
        "Command",
        typeof(ICommand),
        typeof(CommandSlider),
        new PropertyMetadata((ICommand)null,
        new PropertyChangedCallback(CommandChanged)));

public ICommand Command
{
    get
    {
        return (ICommand)GetValue(CommandProperty);
    }
    set
    {
        SetValue(CommandProperty, value);
    }
}

' Make Command a dependency property so it can use databinding.
Public Shared ReadOnly CommandProperty As DependencyProperty =
    DependencyProperty.Register("Command", GetType(ICommand),
        GetType(CommandSlider),
        New PropertyMetadata(CType(Nothing, ICommand),
            New PropertyChangedCallback(AddressOf CommandChanged)))

Public ReadOnly Property Command1() As ICommand Implements ICommandSource.Command
    Get
        Return CType(GetValue(CommandProperty), ICommand)
    End Get
End Property

Public Property Command() As ICommand
    Get
        Return CType(GetValue(CommandProperty), ICommand)
    End Get
    Set(ByVal value As ICommand)
        SetValue(CommandProperty, value)
    End Set
End Property

下面是 DependencyProperty 更改回调：

// Command dependency property change callback.
private static void CommandChanged(DependencyObject d,
    DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
    CommandSlider cs = (CommandSlider)d;
    cs.HookUpCommand((ICommand)e.OldValue,(ICommand)e.NewValue);
}

' Command dependency property change callback.
Private Shared Sub CommandChanged(ByVal d As DependencyObject, ByVal e As DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs)
    Dim cs As CommandSlider = CType(d, CommandSlider)
    cs.HookUpCommand(CType(e.OldValue, ICommand), CType(e.NewValue, ICommand))
End Sub

下一步是添加和删除与命令源关联的命令。添加新命令时，不能只是覆盖 Command 属性，因为必须先删除与上一个命令关联的事件处理程序（如果有）。

// Add a new command to the Command Property.
private void HookUpCommand(ICommand oldCommand, ICommand newCommand)
{
    // If oldCommand is not null, then we need to remove the handlers.
    if (oldCommand != null)
    {
        RemoveCommand(oldCommand, newCommand);
    }
    AddCommand(oldCommand, newCommand);
}

// Remove an old command from the Command Property.
private void RemoveCommand(ICommand oldCommand, ICommand newCommand)
{
    EventHandler handler = CanExecuteChanged;
    oldCommand.CanExecuteChanged -= handler;
}

// Add the command.
private void AddCommand(ICommand oldCommand, ICommand newCommand)
{
    EventHandler handler = new EventHandler(CanExecuteChanged);
    canExecuteChangedHandler = handler;
    if (newCommand != null)
    {
        newCommand.CanExecuteChanged += canExecuteChangedHandler;
    }
}

' Add a new command to the Command Property.
Private Sub HookUpCommand(ByVal oldCommand As ICommand, ByVal newCommand As ICommand)
    ' If oldCommand is not null, then we need to remove the handlers.
    If oldCommand IsNot Nothing Then
        RemoveCommand(oldCommand, newCommand)
    End If
    AddCommand(oldCommand, newCommand)
End Sub

' Remove an old command from the Command Property.
Private Sub RemoveCommand(ByVal oldCommand As ICommand, ByVal newCommand As ICommand)
    Dim handler As EventHandler = AddressOf CanExecuteChanged
    RemoveHandler oldCommand.CanExecuteChanged, handler
End Sub

' Add the command.
Private Sub AddCommand(ByVal oldCommand As ICommand, ByVal newCommand As ICommand)
    Dim handler As New EventHandler(AddressOf CanExecuteChanged)
    canExecuteChangedHandler = handler
    If newCommand IsNot Nothing Then
        AddHandler newCommand.CanExecuteChanged, canExecuteChangedHandler
    End If
End Sub

下一步是为 CanExecuteChanged 处理程序创建逻辑。

CanExecuteChanged 事件通知命令源在当前命令目标上执行命令的能力可能已发生更改。当命令源收到此事件时，它通常对命令调用 CanExecute 方法。如果命令不能在当前命令目标上执行，命令源通常会禁用自身。如果命令能在当前命令目标上执行，命令源通常会启用自身。

private void CanExecuteChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

    if (this.Command != null)
    {
        RoutedCommand command = this.Command as RoutedCommand;

        // If a RoutedCommand.
        if (command != null)
        {
            if (command.CanExecute(CommandParameter, CommandTarget))
            {
                this.IsEnabled = true;
            }
            else
            {
                this.IsEnabled = false;
            }
        }
        // If a not RoutedCommand.
        else
        {
            if (Command.CanExecute(CommandParameter))
            {
                this.IsEnabled = true;
            }
            else
            {
                this.IsEnabled = false;
            }
        }
    }
}

Private Sub CanExecuteChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)

    If Me.Command IsNot Nothing Then
        Dim command As RoutedCommand = TryCast(Me.Command, RoutedCommand)

        ' If a RoutedCommand.
        If command IsNot Nothing Then
            If command.CanExecute(CommandParameter, CommandTarget) Then
                Me.IsEnabled = True
            Else
                Me.IsEnabled = False
            End If
            ' If a not RoutedCommand.
        Else
            If Me.Command.CanExecute(CommandParameter) Then
                Me.IsEnabled = True
            Else
                Me.IsEnabled = False
            End If
        End If
    End If
End Sub

最后一步是 Execute 方法。如果命令是一个 RoutedCommand，则会调用 RoutedCommand Execute 方法；否则调用 ICommand Execute 方法。

// If Command is defined, moving the slider will invoke the command;
// Otherwise, the slider will behave normally.
protected override void OnValueChanged(double oldValue, double newValue)
{
    base.OnValueChanged(oldValue, newValue);

    if (this.Command != null)
    {
        RoutedCommand command = Command as RoutedCommand;

        if (command != null)
        {
            command.Execute(CommandParameter, CommandTarget);
        }
        else
        {
            ((ICommand)Command).Execute(CommandParameter);
        }
    }
}

' If Command is defined, moving the slider will invoke the command;
' Otherwise, the slider will behave normally.
Protected Overrides Sub OnValueChanged(ByVal oldValue As Double, ByVal newValue As Double)
    MyBase.OnValueChanged(oldValue, newValue)

    If Me.Command IsNot Nothing Then
        Dim command As RoutedCommand = TryCast(Me.Command, RoutedCommand)

        If command IsNot Nothing Then
            command.Execute(CommandParameter, CommandTarget)
        Else
            CType(Me.Command, ICommand).Execute(CommandParameter)
        End If
    End If
End Sub

如何：实现 ICommandSource

示例

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