基于方法的查询语法示例：分组

本主题中的示例演示如何使用 GroupBy 方法，利用基于方法的查询语法来查询 AdventureWorks 销售模型。 这些示例中使用的 AdventureWorks 销售模型基于 AdventureWorks 示例数据库中的 Contact、Address、Product、SalesOrderHeader 和 SalesOrderDetail 表生成。

本主题中的示例使用下面的 using/Imports 语句：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Data.EntityClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.Common;

Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Imports System.Data.Objects
Imports System.Globalization

示例 1

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按邮政编码分组的 Address 对象。 这些结果将投影到一个匿名类型。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.Addresses
        .GroupBy( address => address.PostalCode);

    foreach (IGrouping<string, Address> addressGroup in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Postal Code: {0}", addressGroup.Key);
        foreach (Address address in addressGroup)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\t" + address.AddressLine1 +
                address.AddressLine2);
        }
    }
}

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim query = context.Addresses _
        .GroupBy(Function(Address) Address.PostalCode) _
        .Select(Function(Address) Address)

    For Each addressGroup As IGrouping(Of String, Address) In query
        Console.WriteLine("Postal Code: {0}", addressGroup.Key)
        For Each address As Address In addressGroup

            Console.WriteLine("   " + address.AddressLine1 + address.AddressLine2)
        Next
    Next
End Using

示例 2

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按联系人姓氏的首字母分组的 Contact 对象。 这些结果还按姓氏的首字母进行排序，并投影到一个匿名类型。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.Contacts
        .GroupBy(c => c.LastName.Substring(0,1))
        .OrderBy(c => c.Key);

    foreach (IGrouping<string, Contact> group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Last names that start with the letter '{0}':",
            group.Key);
        foreach (Contact contact in group)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(contact.LastName);
        }
    }
}

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities

    Dim query = context.Contacts _
    .GroupBy(Function(c) c.LastName.Substring(0, 1)) _
    .OrderBy(Function(c) c.Key) _
    .Select(Function(c) c)

    For Each group As IGrouping(Of String, Contact) In query
        Console.WriteLine("Last names that start with the letter '{0}':", group.Key)

        For Each contact As Contact In group

            Console.WriteLine(contact.LastName)
        Next
    Next

End Using

示例 3

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按客户 ID 分组的 SalesOrderHeader 对象。 同时还返回每个客户的销售数量。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.SalesOrderHeaders
        .GroupBy(order => order.CustomerID);

    foreach (IGrouping<int, SalesOrderHeader> group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Customer ID: {0}", group.Key);
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.Count());

        foreach (SalesOrderHeader sale in group)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", sale.SalesOrderID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities

    Dim query = context.SalesOrderHeaders _
        .GroupBy(Function(order) order.CustomerID)

    ' Iterate over each IGrouping
    For Each group In query

        Console.WriteLine("Customer ID: {0}", group.Key)
        Console.WriteLine("Order Count: {0}", group.Count)

        For Each sale In group
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", sale.SalesOrderID)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine("")

    Next

End Using

请参阅

• LINQ to Entities 中的查询