注册取消请求的回叫

了解如何注册当 IsCancellationRequested 属性为 true 时调用的委托。 对创建令牌的对象调用 Cancel 时,值将从 false 更改为 true。 使用此技术可取消本地不支持统一取消框架的异步操作,也可取消阻止可能等待异步操作结束的方法。

注意

某些情况下,当启用“仅我的代码”后,Visual Studio 会在引发异常的行中断运行并显示一条错误消息,该消息显示“用户代码未处理异常”。该错误是良性错误。 可以按 F5 继续运行,并查看下面示例中所示的异常处理行为。 为了阻止 Visual Studio 在第一个错误出现时中断,只需依次转到“工具”、“选项”、“调试”、“常规”下,取消选中“仅我的代码”复选框即可。

示例

在下面的示例中,CancelAsync 方法注册为在通过取消标记请求取消时要调用的方法。

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class CancelWithCallback
{
    static void Main()
    {
        using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
        var token = cts.Token;

        _ = Task.Run(async () =>
        {
            using var client = new WebClient();

            client.DownloadStringCompleted += (_, args) =>
            {
                if (args.Cancelled)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("The download was canceled.");
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("The download has completed:\n");
                    Console.WriteLine($"{args.Result}\n\nPress any key to continue.");
                }
            };

            if (!token.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                using CancellationTokenRegistration ctr = token.Register(() => client.CancelAsync());

                Console.WriteLine("Starting request\n");
                await client.DownloadStringTaskAsync(new Uri("http://www.contoso.com"));
            }
        }, token);

        Console.WriteLine("Press 'c' to cancel.\n\n");
        if (Console.ReadKey().KeyChar == 'c')
        {
            cts.Cancel();
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nPress any key to exit.");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Threading

Friend Class CancelWithCallback
    Private Shared Sub Main()
        Using cts = New CancellationTokenSource()
            Dim token = cts.Token
            Task.Run(
                Async Function()
                    Using client As New WebClient()
                        AddHandler client.DownloadDataCompleted,
                        Sub(__, args)
                            If args.Cancelled Then
                                Console.WriteLine("The download was canceled.")
                            Else
                                Console.WriteLine($"The download has completed:{vbLf}")
                                Console.WriteLine($"{args.Result}{vbLf}{vbLf}Press any key to continue.")
                            End If
                        End Sub

                        If Not token.IsCancellationRequested Then
                            Dim ctr As CancellationTokenRegistration = token.Register(Sub() client.CancelAsync())
                            Console.WriteLine($"Starting request{vbLf}")
                            Await client.DownloadStringTaskAsync(New Uri("http://www.contoso.com"))
                        End If
                    End Using

                End Function, token)

            Console.WriteLine($"Press 'c' to cancel.{vbLf}{vbLf}")

            If Console.ReadKey().KeyChar = "c"c Then
                cts.Cancel()
            End If

            Console.WriteLine($"{vbLf}Press any key to exit.")
            Console.ReadKey()

        End Using
    End Sub
End Class

如果注册回调时已经请求了取消,那么仍然要保证调用回调。 在此特定情况下,如果当前未执行异步操作,则 CancelAsync 方法将不进行任何操作,因此调用此方法始终是安全的。

请参阅