如何:写入文本文件(C# 编程指南)
以下示例给出了将文本写入文件的各种方法。 前两个示例使用 File 类中的静态方法将完整的字符串数组或完整字符串写入文本文件。 示例 3 展示了当写入文件之前必须分别处理文本的每一行时,如何将文本添加到文件。 示例 1-3 均会覆盖文件中的所有现有内容。 示例 4 展示了如何将文本追加到现有文件。
示例
class WriteTextFile
{
static void Main()
{
// These examples assume a "C:\Users\Public\TestFolder" folder on your machine.
// You can modify the path if necessary.
// Example #1: Write an array of strings to a file.
// Create a string array that consists of three lines.
string[] lines = { "First line", "Second line", "Third line" };
// WriteAllLines creates a file, writes a collection of strings to the file,
// and then closes the file.
System.IO.File.WriteAllLines(@"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\WriteLines.txt", lines);
// Example #2: Write one string to a text file.
string text = "A class is the most powerful data type in C#. Like a structure, " +
"a class defines the data and behavior of the data type. ";
// WriteAllText creates a file, writes the specified string to the file,
// and then closes the file.
System.IO.File.WriteAllText(@"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\WriteText.txt", text);
// Example #3: Write only some strings in an array to a file.
// The using statement automatically closes the stream and calls
// IDisposable.Dispose on the stream object.
using (System.IO.StreamWriter file = new System.IO.StreamWriter(@"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\WriteLines2.txt"))
{
foreach (string line in lines)
{
// If the line doesn't contain the word 'Second', write the line to the file.
if (!line.Contains("Second"))
{
file.WriteLine(line);
}
}
}
// Example #4: Append new text to an existing file.
// The using statement automatically closes the stream and calls
// IDisposable.Dispose on the stream object.
using (System.IO.StreamWriter file = new System.IO.StreamWriter(@"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\WriteLines2.txt", true))
{
file.WriteLine("Fourth line");
}
}
}
//Output (to WriteLines.txt):
// First line
// Second line
// Third line
//Output (to WriteText.txt):
// A class is the most powerful data type in C#. Like a structure, a class defines the data and behavior of the data type.
//Output to WriteLines2.txt after Example #3:
// First line
// Third line
//Output to WriteLines2.txt after Example #4:
// First line
// Third line
// Fourth line
这些示例均会将字符串文本写入文件,但是你更有可能需要使用 Format 方法,此方法具有很多用于写入不同类型值的控件,包括在字段中左右对齐、有无边距等。
编译代码
将代码复制到控制台应用程序中。
将 "c:\testdir" 替换为你计算机上的实际文件夹名称,或者创建一个此名称的文件夹。
可靠编程
以下情况可能会导致异常:
文件已存在并且为只读。
路径名可能太长。
磁盘可能已满。