PerformanceCounter.IncrementBy 方法
通过有效的原子操作，使关联的性能计数器的值增加或减少指定的量。
**命名空间:**System.Diagnostics
**程序集:**System（在 system.dll 中）
语法
声明
Public Function IncrementBy ( _
value As Long _
) As Long
用法
Dim instance As PerformanceCounter
Dim value As Long
Dim returnValue As Long
returnValue = instance.IncrementBy(value)
public long IncrementBy (
long value
)
public:
long long IncrementBy (
long long value
)
public long IncrementBy (
long value
)
public function IncrementBy (
value : long
) : long
参数
- value
要增加的值。（负值使计数器减少。）
返回值
新的计数器值。
异常
| 异常类型 | 条件 |
|---|---|
该计数器是只读的，因此应用程序无法递增它的值。 - 或 - 此实例未与性能计数器正确关联。 - 或 - 使用全局共享内存时，InstanceLifetime 属性设置为 Process。 |
|
访问系统 API 时出错。 |
|
平台为 Windows 98 或 Windows Millennium Edition (Me)，这些平台不支持性能计数器。 |
备注
只能写入自定义计数器。所有系统计数器都是只读的。
提示
Increment、IncrementBy 和 Decrement 方法使用联锁更新计数器值。这有助于在多线程或多进程方案中保持计数器值准确，但同时会导致性能下降。如果不需要联锁操作所提供的准确度，可以直接更新 RawValue 属性以获得多达 5 倍的性能提高。但是，在多线程方案中对计数器值的某些更新可能被忽略，导致数据不准确。
提示
如果 InstanceLifetime 属性的值为 Process 并且性能计数器类别是使用 .NET Framework 版本 1.0 或 1.1 创建的，则会引发 InvalidOperationException。使用早期版本创建的性能计数器类别使用全局共享内存，并且 InstanceLifetime 的值必须为 Global。如果该类别未由在 .NET Framework 版本 1.0 或 1.1 上运行的应用程序使用，请将其删除并重新创建该类别。
示例
Imports System
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Collections.Specialized
Imports System.Diagnostics
_
Public Class App
Private Shared PC As PerformanceCounter
Private Shared BPC As PerformanceCounter
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim samplesList As New ArrayList()
SetupCategory()
CreateCounters()
CollectSamples(samplesList)
CalculateResults(samplesList)
End Sub 'Main
Private Shared Function SetupCategory() As Boolean
If Not PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("AverageCounter64SampleCategory") Then
Dim CCDC As New CounterCreationDataCollection()
' Add the counter.
Dim averageCount64 As New CounterCreationData()
averageCount64.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageCount64
averageCount64.CounterName = "AverageCounter64Sample"
CCDC.Add(averageCount64)
' Add the base counter.
Dim averageCount64Base As New CounterCreationData()
averageCount64Base.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageBase
averageCount64Base.CounterName = "AverageCounter64SampleBase"
CCDC.Add(averageCount64Base)
' Create the category.
PerformanceCounterCategory.Create("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.", CCDC)
Return True
Else
Console.WriteLine("Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory")
Return False
End If
End Function 'SetupCategory
Private Shared Sub CreateCounters()
' Create the counters.
PC = New PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "AverageCounter64Sample", False)
BPC = New PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "AverageCounter64SampleBase", False)
PC.RawValue = 0
BPC.RawValue = 0
End Sub 'CreateCounters
Private Shared Sub CollectSamples(samplesList As ArrayList)
Dim r As New Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond)
' Loop for the samples.
Dim j As Integer
For j = 0 To 99
Dim value As Integer = r.Next(1, 10)
Console.Write((j + " = " + value))
PC.IncrementBy(value)
BPC.Increment()
If j Mod 10 = 9 Then
OutputSample(PC.NextSample())
samplesList.Add(PC.NextSample())
Else
Console.WriteLine()
End If
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50)
Next j
End Sub 'CollectSamples
Private Shared Sub CalculateResults(samplesList As ArrayList)
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To (samplesList.Count - 1) - 1
' Output the sample.
OutputSample(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample))
OutputSample(CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))
' Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
Console.WriteLine((".NET computed counter value = " + CounterSampleCalculator.ComputeCounterValue(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample), CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))))
' Calculate the counter value manually.
Console.WriteLine(("My computed counter value = " + MyComputeCounterValue(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample), CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))))
Next i
End Sub 'CalculateResults
'++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
' Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
' during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items
' processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The
' ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the
' last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval.
' Generic type - Average
' Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number
' of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D)
' represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample
' intervals.
' Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)
' Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer
'++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
Private Shared Function MyComputeCounterValue(s0 As CounterSample, s1 As CounterSample) As [Single]
Dim numerator As [Single] = CType(s1.RawValue, [Single]) - CType(s0.RawValue, [Single])
Dim denomenator As [Single] = CType(s1.BaseValue, [Single]) - CType(s0.BaseValue, [Single])
Dim counterValue As [Single] = numerator / denomenator
Return counterValue
End Function 'MyComputeCounterValue
' Output information about the counter sample.
Private Shared Sub OutputSample(s As CounterSample)
Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Cr + "+++++++++++")
Console.WriteLine("Sample values - " + ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Cr)
Console.WriteLine((" BaseValue = " + s.BaseValue))
Console.WriteLine((" CounterFrequency = " + s.CounterFrequency))
Console.WriteLine((" CounterTimeStamp = " + s.CounterTimeStamp))
Console.WriteLine((" CounterType = " + s.CounterType))
Console.WriteLine((" RawValue = " + s.RawValue))
Console.WriteLine((" SystemFrequency = " + s.SystemFrequency))
Console.WriteLine((" TimeStamp = " + s.TimeStamp))
Console.WriteLine((" TimeStamp100nSec = " + s.TimeStamp100nSec))
Console.WriteLine("++++++++++++++++++++++")
End Sub 'OutputSample
End Class 'App
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Diagnostics;
public class App {
private static PerformanceCounter PC;
private static PerformanceCounter BPC;
public static void Main()
{
ArrayList samplesList = new ArrayList();
SetupCategory();
CreateCounters();
CollectSamples(samplesList);
CalculateResults(samplesList);
}
private static bool SetupCategory()
{
if ( !PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("AverageCounter64SampleCategory") )
{
CounterCreationDataCollection CCDC = new CounterCreationDataCollection();
// Add the counter.
CounterCreationData averageCount64 = new CounterCreationData();
averageCount64.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageCount64;
averageCount64.CounterName = "AverageCounter64Sample";
CCDC.Add(averageCount64);
// Add the base counter.
CounterCreationData averageCount64Base = new CounterCreationData();
averageCount64Base.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageBase;
averageCount64Base.CounterName = "AverageCounter64SampleBase";
CCDC.Add(averageCount64Base);
// Create the category.
PerformanceCounterCategory.Create("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.",
CCDC);
return(true);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory");
return(false);
}
}
private static void CreateCounters()
{
// Create the counters.
PC = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"AverageCounter64Sample",
false);
BPC = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"AverageCounter64SampleBase",
false);
PC.RawValue=0;
BPC.RawValue=0;
}
private static void CollectSamples(ArrayList samplesList)
{
Random r = new Random( DateTime.Now.Millisecond );
// Loop for the samples.
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++)
{
int value = r.Next(1, 10);
Console.Write(j + " = " + value);
PC.IncrementBy(value);
BPC.Increment();
if ((j % 10) == 9)
{
OutputSample(PC.NextSample());
samplesList.Add( PC.NextSample() );
}
else
Console.WriteLine();
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
}
}
private static void CalculateResults(ArrayList samplesList)
{
for(int i = 0; i < (samplesList.Count - 1); i++)
{
// Output the sample.
OutputSample( (CounterSample)samplesList[i] );
OutputSample( (CounterSample)samplesList[i+1] );
// Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
Console.WriteLine(".NET computed counter value = " +
CounterSampleCalculator.ComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)samplesList[i],
(CounterSample)samplesList[i+1]) );
// Calculate the counter value manually.
Console.WriteLine("My computed counter value = " +
MyComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)samplesList[i],
(CounterSample)samplesList[i+1]) );
}
}
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
// Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
// during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items
// processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The
// ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the
// last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval.
// Generic type - Average
// Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number
// of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D)
// represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample
// intervals.
// Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)
// Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
private static Single MyComputeCounterValue(CounterSample s0, CounterSample s1)
{
Single numerator = (Single)s1.RawValue - (Single)s0.RawValue;
Single denomenator = (Single)s1.BaseValue - (Single)s0.BaseValue;
Single counterValue = numerator / denomenator;
return(counterValue);
}
// Output information about the counter sample.
private static void OutputSample(CounterSample s)
{
Console.WriteLine("\r\n+++++++++++");
Console.WriteLine("Sample values - \r\n");
Console.WriteLine(" BaseValue = " + s.BaseValue);
Console.WriteLine(" CounterFrequency = " + s.CounterFrequency);
Console.WriteLine(" CounterTimeStamp = " + s.CounterTimeStamp);
Console.WriteLine(" CounterType = " + s.CounterType);
Console.WriteLine(" RawValue = " + s.RawValue);
Console.WriteLine(" SystemFrequency = " + s.SystemFrequency);
Console.WriteLine(" TimeStamp = " + s.TimeStamp);
Console.WriteLine(" TimeStamp100nSec = " + s.TimeStamp100nSec);
Console.WriteLine("++++++++++++++++++++++");
}
}
#using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Collections::Specialized;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;
// Output information about the counter sample.
void OutputSample( CounterSample s )
{
Console::WriteLine( "\r\n+++++++++++" );
Console::WriteLine( "Sample values - \r\n" );
Console::WriteLine( " BaseValue = {0}", s.BaseValue );
Console::WriteLine( " CounterFrequency = {0}", s.CounterFrequency );
Console::WriteLine( " CounterTimeStamp = {0}", s.CounterTimeStamp );
Console::WriteLine( " CounterType = {0}", s.CounterType );
Console::WriteLine( " RawValue = {0}", s.RawValue );
Console::WriteLine( " SystemFrequency = {0}", s.SystemFrequency );
Console::WriteLine( " TimeStamp = {0}", s.TimeStamp );
Console::WriteLine( " TimeStamp100nSec = {0}", s.TimeStamp100nSec );
Console::WriteLine( "++++++++++++++++++++++" );
}
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
// Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
// during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items
// processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The
// ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the
// last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval.
// Generic type - Average
// Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number
// of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D)
// represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample
// intervals.
// Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)
// Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
float MyComputeCounterValue( CounterSample s0, CounterSample s1 )
{
float numerator = (float)s1.RawValue - (float)s0.RawValue;
float denomenator = (float)s1.BaseValue - (float)s0.BaseValue;
float counterValue = numerator / denomenator;
return counterValue;
}
bool SetupCategory()
{
if ( !PerformanceCounterCategory::Exists( "AverageCounter64SampleCategory" ) )
{
CounterCreationDataCollection^ CCDC = gcnew CounterCreationDataCollection;
// Add the counter.
CounterCreationData^ averageCount64 = gcnew CounterCreationData;
averageCount64->CounterType = PerformanceCounterType::AverageCount64;
averageCount64->CounterName = "AverageCounter64Sample";
CCDC->Add( averageCount64 );
// Add the base counter.
CounterCreationData^ averageCount64Base = gcnew CounterCreationData;
averageCount64Base->CounterType = PerformanceCounterType::AverageBase;
averageCount64Base->CounterName = "AverageCounter64SampleBase";
CCDC->Add( averageCount64Base );
// Create the category.
PerformanceCounterCategory::Create( "AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.", CCDC );
return (true);
}
else
{
Console::WriteLine( "Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory" );
return (false);
}
}
void CreateCounters( PerformanceCounter^% PC, PerformanceCounter^% BPC )
{
// Create the counters.
PC = gcnew PerformanceCounter( "AverageCounter64SampleCategory","AverageCounter64Sample",false );
BPC = gcnew PerformanceCounter( "AverageCounter64SampleCategory","AverageCounter64SampleBase",false );
PC->RawValue = 0;
BPC->RawValue = 0;
}
void CollectSamples( ArrayList^ samplesList, PerformanceCounter^ PC, PerformanceCounter^ BPC )
{
Random^ r = gcnew Random( DateTime::Now.Millisecond );
// Loop for the samples.
for ( int j = 0; j < 100; j++ )
{
int value = r->Next( 1, 10 );
Console::Write( "{0} = {1}", j, value );
PC->IncrementBy( value );
BPC->Increment();
if ( (j % 10) == 9 )
{
OutputSample( PC->NextSample() );
samplesList->Add( PC->NextSample() );
}
else
Console::WriteLine();
System::Threading::Thread::Sleep( 50 );
}
}
void CalculateResults( ArrayList^ samplesList )
{
for ( int i = 0; i < (samplesList->Count - 1); i++ )
{
// Output the sample.
OutputSample( *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i ]) );
OutputSample( *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i + 1 ]) );
// Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
Console::WriteLine( ".NET computed counter value = {0}", CounterSampleCalculator::ComputeCounterValue( *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i ]), *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i + 1 ]) ) );
// Calculate the counter value manually.
Console::WriteLine( "My computed counter value = {0}", MyComputeCounterValue( *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i ]), *safe_cast<CounterSample^>(samplesList[ i + 1 ]) ) );
}
}
int main()
{
ArrayList^ samplesList = gcnew ArrayList;
PerformanceCounter^ PC;
PerformanceCounter^ BPC;
SetupCategory();
CreateCounters( PC, BPC );
CollectSamples( samplesList, PC, BPC );
CalculateResults( samplesList );
}
import System.*;
import System.Collections.*;
import System.Collections.Specialized.*;
import System.Diagnostics.*;
public class App
{
private static PerformanceCounter pc;
private static PerformanceCounter bpc;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
ArrayList samplesList = new ArrayList();
SetupCategory();
CreateCounters();
CollectSamples(samplesList);
CalculateResults(samplesList);
} //main
private static boolean SetupCategory()
{
if (!(PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists(
"AverageCounter64SampleCategory"))) {
CounterCreationDataCollection ccdc =
new CounterCreationDataCollection();
// Add the counter.
CounterCreationData averageCount64 = new CounterCreationData();
averageCount64.
set_CounterType(PerformanceCounterType.AverageCount64);
averageCount64.set_CounterName("AverageCounter64Sample");
ccdc.Add(averageCount64);
// Add the base counter.
CounterCreationData averageCount64Base = new CounterCreationData();
averageCount64Base.set_CounterType(PerformanceCounterType.
AverageBase);
averageCount64Base.set_CounterName("AverageCounter64SampleBase");
ccdc.Add(averageCount64Base);
// Create the category.
PerformanceCounterCategory.Create("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance "
+ "counter type.", ccdc);
return true;
}
else {
Console.WriteLine("Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory");
return false;
}
} //SetupCategory
private static void CreateCounters()
{
// Create the counters.
pc = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"AverageCounter64Sample", false);
bpc = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory",
"AverageCounter64SampleBase", false);
pc.set_RawValue(0);
bpc.set_RawValue(0);
} //CreateCounters
private static void CollectSamples(ArrayList samplesList)
{
Random r = new Random(DateTime.get_Now().get_Millisecond());
// Loop for the samples.
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) {
int value = r.Next(1, 10);
Console.Write(j + " = " + value);
pc.IncrementBy(value);
bpc.Increment();
if (j % 10 == 9) {
OutputSample(pc.NextSample());
samplesList.Add(pc.NextSample());
}
else {
Console.WriteLine();
}
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
}
} //CollectSamples
private static void CalculateResults(ArrayList samplesList)
{
for (int i = 0; i < samplesList.get_Count() - 1; i++) {
// Output the sample.
OutputSample((CounterSample)samplesList.get_Item(i));
OutputSample((CounterSample)samplesList.get_Item(i + 1));
// Use.NET to calculate the counter value.
Console.WriteLine(".NET computed counter value = "
+ CounterSampleCalculator.ComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)
samplesList.get_Item(i),
(CounterSample)samplesList.get_Item(i + 1)));
// Calculate the counter value manually.
Console.WriteLine("My computed counter value = "
+ MyComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)samplesList.get_Item(i),
(CounterSample)samplesList.get_Item(i + 1)));
}
} //CalculateResults
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
//++++++++
// Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed,
// on average,during an operation.Counters of this type display a
// ratio of the items processed (such as bytes sent) to the number
// of operations completed. The ratio is calculated by comparing
// the number of items processed during the last interval to the
// number of operations completed during the last interval.
// Generic type - Average
// Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N)
// represents the number of items processed during the last sample
// interval and the denominator (D) represents the number of
// operations completed during the last two sample
// intervals.
// Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)
// Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
//++++++++
private static float MyComputeCounterValue(CounterSample s0,
CounterSample s1)
{
float numerator = (float)s1.get_RawValue() - (float)s0.get_RawValue();
float denomenator = (float)s1.get_BaseValue() - (float)s0.
get_BaseValue();
float counterValue = numerator / denomenator;
return counterValue;
} //MyComputeCounterValue
// Output information about the counter sample.
private static void OutputSample(CounterSample s)
{
Console.WriteLine("\r\n+++++++++++");
Console.WriteLine("Sample values - \r\n");
Console.WriteLine(" BaseValue = " + s.get_BaseValue());
Console.WriteLine(" CounterFrequency = " + s.get_CounterFrequency());
Console.WriteLine(" CounterTimeStamp = " + s.get_CounterTimeStamp());
Console.WriteLine(" CounterType = " + s.get_CounterType());
Console.WriteLine(" RawValue = " + s.get_RawValue());
Console.WriteLine(" SystemFrequency = " + s.get_SystemFrequency());
Console.WriteLine(" TimeStamp = " + s.get_TimeStamp());
Console.WriteLine(" TimeStamp100nSec = " + s.get_TimeStamp100nSec());
Console.WriteLine("++++++++++++++++++++++");
} //OutputSample
} //App
.NET Framework 安全性
- PerformanceCounterPermission 用于读取性能计数器类别（如果 ReadOnly 属性为 true）。关联的枚举：PerformanceCounterPermissionAccess.Read。
- PerformanceCounterPermission 用于写入性能计数器类别（如果 ReadOnly 属性为 false）。关联的枚举：PerformanceCounterPermissionAccess.Write。
平台
Windows 98、Windows 2000 SP4、Windows Server 2003、Windows XP Media Center Edition、Windows XP Professional x64 Edition、Windows XP SP2、Windows XP Starter Edition
.NET Framework 并不是对每个平台的所有版本都提供支持。有关受支持版本的列表，请参见系统要求。
版本信息
.NET Framework
受以下版本支持：2.0、1.1、1.0
请参见
参考
PerformanceCounter 类
PerformanceCounter 成员
System.Diagnostics 命名空间