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ListView ControlTemplate 示例

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更新：2007 年 11 月

Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 中的控件有一个包含该控件可视化树的 ControlTemplate。可以通过修改某个控件的 ControlTemplate 来更改该控件的结构和外观。不能仅替换控件的可视化树的一部分；若要更改控件的可视化树，必须将该控件的 Template 属性设置为新的完整 ControlTemplate。

本主题演示 WPFListView 控件的 ControlTemplate。

本主题包括下列各节。

  • 先决条件
  • ListView ControlTemplate 示例
  • 相关主题

先决条件

若要运行本主题中的示例，应当了解如何编写 WPF 应用程序。有关更多信息，请参见 Windows Presentation Foundation 入门。您还应当了解如何在 WPF 中使用样式。有关更多信息，请参见样式设置和模板化。

ListView ControlTemplate 示例

尽管此示例包含默认情况下在 ListView 的 ControlTemplate 中定义的所有元素，但是您应当将其中的特定值视为示例值。

<Style x:Key="{x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}"
       TargetType="ScrollViewer">
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="ScrollViewer">
        <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
          <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
          </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
          </Grid.RowDefinitions>

          <DockPanel Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
            <ScrollViewer DockPanel.Dock="Top"
              HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
              VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Hidden"
              Focusable="false">
              <GridViewHeaderRowPresenter Margin="2,0,2,0"
                Columns="{Binding Path=TemplatedParent.View.Columns,
                          RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ColumnHeaderContainerStyle="{Binding
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContainerStyle,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ColumnHeaderTemplate="{Binding
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplate,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector="{Binding 
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderTemplateSelector,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                AllowsColumnReorder="{Binding
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.AllowsColumnReorder,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ColumnHeaderContextMenu="{Binding
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderContextMenu,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ColumnHeaderToolTip="{Binding
                             Path=TemplatedParent.View.ColumnHeaderToolTip,
                             RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
            </ScrollViewer>

            <ScrollContentPresenter Name="PART_ScrollContentPresenter"
              KeyboardNavigation.DirectionalNavigation="Local"
              CanContentScroll="True" CanHorizontallyScroll="False" 
              CanVerticallyScroll="False"/>
          </DockPanel>

          <ScrollBar Name="PART_HorizontalScrollBar"
            Orientation="Horizontal"
            Grid.Row="1"
            Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableWidth}"
            ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportWidth}"
            Value="{TemplateBinding HorizontalOffset}"
            Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedHorizontalScrollBarVisibility}"/>

          <ScrollBar Name="PART_VerticalScrollBar"
            Grid.Column="1"
            Maximum="{TemplateBinding ScrollableHeight}"
            ViewportSize="{TemplateBinding ViewportHeight}"
            Value="{TemplateBinding VerticalOffset}"
            Visibility="{TemplateBinding ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility}"/>

        </Grid>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="GridViewColumnHeaderGripper" TargetType="Thumb">
  <Setter Property="Width" Value="18"/>
  <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource NormalBorderBrush}"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Thumb}">
        <Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
          Background="Transparent">
          <Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Center"
            Width="1"
            Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}"/>
        </Border>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="{x:Type GridViewColumnHeader}"
       TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
  <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
  <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
  <Setter Property="Foreground"
          Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
        <Grid>
          <Border Name="HeaderBorder"
            BorderThickness="0,1,0,1"
            BorderBrush="{StaticResource NormalBorderBrush}"
            Background="{StaticResource LightBrush}"
            Padding="2,0,2,0">
            <ContentPresenter Name="HeaderContent"
              Margin="0,0,0,1"
              VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
              HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
              RecognizesAccessKey="True"
              SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
          </Border>
          <Thumb x:Name="PART_HeaderGripper"
            HorizontalAlignment="Right"
            Margin="0,0,-9,0"
            Style="{StaticResource GridViewColumnHeaderGripper}"/>
        </Grid>
        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
          <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
            <Setter TargetName="HeaderBorder"
                    Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource NormalBrush}"/>
          </Trigger>
          <Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="true">
            <Setter TargetName="HeaderBorder"
                    Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource PressedBrush}"/>
            <Setter TargetName="HeaderContent"
                    Property="Margin" Value="1,1,0,0"/>
          </Trigger>
          <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
            <Setter Property="Foreground"
                    Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}}"/>
          </Trigger>
        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
  <Style.Triggers>
    <Trigger Property="Role" Value="Floating">
      <Setter Property="Opacity" Value="0.7"/>
      <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
          <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
            <Canvas Name="PART_FloatingHeaderCanvas">
              <Rectangle Fill="#60000000"
                Width="{TemplateBinding ActualWidth}"
                Height="{TemplateBinding ActualHeight}"/>
            </Canvas>
          </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
    </Trigger>
    <Trigger Property="Role" Value="Padding">
      <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
          <ControlTemplate TargetType="GridViewColumnHeader">
            <Border Name="HeaderBorder"
              BorderThickness="0,1,0,1"
              BorderBrush="{StaticResource NormalBorderBrush}"
              Background="{StaticResource LightBrush}"/>
          </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
      </Setter>
    </Trigger>
  </Style.Triggers>
</Style>

<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListView}" TargetType="ListView">
  <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
  <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true"/>
  <Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
  <Setter Property="Template">
    <Setter.Value>
      <ControlTemplate TargetType="ListView">
        <Border Name="Border"
          BorderThickness="1"
          BorderBrush="{StaticResource SolidBorderBrush}"
          Background="{StaticResource WindowBackgroundBrush}">
          <ScrollViewer Style="{DynamicResource
                        {x:Static GridView.GridViewScrollViewerStyleKey}}">
            <ItemsPresenter />
          </ScrollViewer>
        </Border>
        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
          <Trigger Property="IsGrouping"
                   Value="true">
            <Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll"
                    Value="false"/>
          </Trigger>
          <Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
                   Value="false">
            <Setter TargetName="Border"
                    Property="Background"
                    Value="{StaticResource DisabledBorderBrush}"/>
          </Trigger>
        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
      </ControlTemplate>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>

上面的示例使用下面的一个或多个资源。

<!-- Fill Brushes -->

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalNormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="LightBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalLightBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="DarkBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#AAA" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="PressedBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#BBB" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="0.1"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#EEE" Offset="0.9"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#FFF" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledForegroundBrush" Color="#888" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledBackgroundBrush" Color="#EEE" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="WindowBackgroundBrush" Color="#FFF" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SelectedBackgroundBrush" Color="#DDD" />

<!-- Border Brushes -->

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="HorizontalNormalBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,0">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#CCC" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="DefaultedBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#777" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#000" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="PressedBorderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
  <GradientBrush.GradientStops>
    <GradientStopCollection>
      <GradientStop Color="#444" Offset="0.0"/>
      <GradientStop Color="#888" Offset="1.0"/>
    </GradientStopCollection>
  </GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="DisabledBorderBrush" Color="#AAA" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="SolidBorderBrush" Color="#888" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="LightBorderBrush" Color="#AAA" />

<!-- Miscellaneous Brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="GlyphBrush" Color="#444" />

<SolidColorBrush x:Key="LightColorBrush" Color="#DDD" />

有关完整示例，请参见 使用 ControlTemplates 设置样式的示例。

请参见

概念

ListViewItem ControlTemplate 示例

可样式化控件的设计准则

其他资源

ControlTemplate 示例