如何：将数据绑定到 Windows Presentation Foundation 元素（WCF 数据服务）

项目
02/28/2011

通过 WCF 数据服务，可以将 ListBox 或 ComboBox 等 Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 元素绑定到 DataServiceCollection 的实例，该实例处理控件引发的事件，以使 DataServiceContext 与对控件中的数据所做的更改保持同步。有关更多信息，请参见将数据绑定到控件（WCF 数据服务）。

本主题中的示例使用 Northwind 示例数据服务和自动生成的客户端数据服务类。此服务和这些客户端数据类是在完成 WCF 数据服务快速入门时创建的。

示例

下面的示例摘自在 WPF 中定义 SalesOrders 窗口的可扩展应用程序标记语言 (XAML) 页的代码隐藏页。加载此窗口时，会根据查询结果创建 DataServiceCollection，该查询将返回客户，并按国家/地区进行筛选。将加载此分页结果的所有页面和相关订单，并将这些页面绑定到作为 WPF 窗口的根布局控件的 StackPanel 的 DataContext 属性。有关更多信息，请参见加载延迟的内容（WCF 数据服务）。

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls
Imports System.Windows.Data
Imports System.Windows.Documents
Imports System.Windows.Input
Imports System.Windows.Media
Imports System.Windows.Media.Imaging
Imports System.Windows.Navigation
Imports System.Windows.Shapes
Imports System.Data.Services.Client
Imports NorthwindClient.Northwind

Partial Public Class CustomerOrdersWpf3
    Inherits Window

    Private context As NorthwindEntities
    Private trackedCustomers As DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)
    Private Const customerCountry As String = "Germany"
    Private Const svcUri As String = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/"

    Private Sub Window_Loaded(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Try
            ' Initialize the context for the data service.
            context = New NorthwindEntities(New Uri(svcUri))

            ' Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
            Dim customerQuery = From cust In context.Customers _
                                    Where cust.Country = customerCountry _
                                    Select cust

                ' Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
            trackedCustomers = New DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)(customerQuery)

                ' Load all pages of the response at once.
            While trackedCustomers.Continuation IsNot Nothing
                trackedCustomers.Load( _
                        context.Execute(Of Customer)(trackedCustomers.Continuation.NextLinkUri))
            End While

            ' Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection
            ' related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
            Me.LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers
        Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
            MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString())
        Catch ex As InvalidOperationException
            MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
    Private Sub customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As SelectionChangedEventArgs)
        Dim selectedCustomer As Customer = _
            CType(Me.customerIDComboBox.SelectedItem, Customer)
        Try
            If selectedCustomer.Orders.Count = 0 Then
                ' Load the first page of related orders for the selected customer.
                context.LoadProperty(selectedCustomer, "Orders")
            End If

            ' Load all remaining pages.
            While selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation IsNot Nothing
                selectedCustomer.Orders.Load( _
                        context.Execute(Of Order)(selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation.NextLinkUri))
            End While
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
    Private Sub saveChangesButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Try
            ' Save changes to the data service.
            context.SaveChanges()
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Data.Services.Client;
using NorthwindClient.Northwind;

namespace NorthwindClient
{
    public partial class CustomerOrdersWpf3 : Window
    {
        private NorthwindEntities context;
        private DataServiceCollection<Customer> trackedCustomers;
        private const string customerCountry = "Germany";
        private const string svcUri = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/";

        public CustomerOrdersWpf3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // Initialize the context for the data service.
                context = new NorthwindEntities(new Uri(svcUri));

                // Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
                var customerQuery = from cust in context.Customers
                                    where cust.Country == customerCountry
                                    select cust;
                
                // Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
                trackedCustomers = new DataServiceCollection<Customer>(customerQuery);
                
                // Load all pages of the response at once.
                while (trackedCustomers.Continuation != null)
                {
                    trackedCustomers.Load(
                        context.Execute<Customer>(trackedCustomers.Continuation.NextLinkUri));
                }

                // Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection;
                // related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
                LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers;
            }
            catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString());
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString());
            }
        }
        
        private void customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            Customer selectedCustomer = 
                this.customerIDComboBox.SelectedItem as Customer;

            try
            {
                // Load the first page of related orders for the selected customer.
                context.LoadProperty(selectedCustomer, "Orders");

                // Load all remaining pages.
                while (selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation != null)
                {
                    selectedCustomer.Orders.Load(
                        context.Execute<Order>(selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation.NextLinkUri));
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            }
        }

        private void saveChangesButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // Save changes to the data service.
                context.SaveChanges();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

以下 XAML 在 WPF 中为以上示例定义 SalesOrders 窗口。

    <Window x:Class="CustomerOrdersWpf3"
             xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
             Height="423" Width="679" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Height="Auto" Name="LayoutRoot" Width="Auto">
        <Label Content="Customer ID" Margin="20,0,0,0" />
        <ComboBox Name="customerIDComboBox" DisplayMemberPath="CustomerID" ItemsSource="{Binding}" 
                  SelectionChanged="customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged"
                  IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" SelectedIndex="0" Height="23" Width="120" 
                  HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="20,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
        <ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Orders}" Name="ordersDataGrid" Margin="34,46,34,50">
            <ListView.View>
                <GridView AllowsColumnReorder="False" ColumnHeaderToolTip="Line Items">
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderID, Mode=OneWay}" 
                        Header="Order ID" Width="50"/>
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderDate, Mode=TwoWay}" 
                        Header="Order Date" Width="50"/>
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Freight, Mode=TwoWay}" 
                        Header="Freight Cost" Width="50"/>
                </GridView>
            </ListView.View>
        </ListView>
        <Button Name="saveChangesButton" Content="Save Changes" Click="saveChangesButton_Click" 
                Width="80" Height="30" Margin="450,0,0,0"/>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

下面的示例摘自在 WPF 中定义 SalesOrders 窗口的可扩展应用程序标记语言 (XAML) 页的代码隐藏页。加载此窗口时，会根据查询结果创建 DataServiceCollection，该查询将返回客户和相关对象，并按国家/地区进行筛选。此结果绑定到作为 WPF 窗口的根布局控件的 StackPanel 的 DataContext 属性。

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls
Imports System.Windows.Data
Imports System.Windows.Documents
Imports System.Windows.Input
Imports System.Windows.Media
Imports System.Windows.Media.Imaging
Imports System.Windows.Navigation
Imports System.Windows.Shapes
Imports System.Data.Services.Client
Imports NorthwindClient.Northwind

Partial Public Class CustomerOrdersWpf
    Inherits Window

    Private context As NorthwindEntities
    Private trackedCustomers As DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)
    Private Const customerCountry As String = "Germany"
    Private Const svcUri As String = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/"
    Private Sub Window_Loaded(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Try
            ' Initialize the context for the data service.
            context = New NorthwindEntities(New Uri(svcUri))

            ' Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
            Dim customerQuery = From cust In context.Customers.Expand("Orders") _
                                    Where cust.Country = customerCountry _
                                    Select cust

                ' Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
            trackedCustomers = New DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)(customerQuery)

                ' Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection
                ' related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
            Me.LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers
        Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
            MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString())
        Catch ex As InvalidOperationException
            MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
    Private Sub saveChangesButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        ' Save changes to the data service.
        context.SaveChanges()
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Data.Services.Client;
using NorthwindClient.Northwind;

namespace NorthwindClient
{
    public partial class CustomerOrdersWpf : Window
    {
        private NorthwindEntities context;
        private DataServiceCollection<Customer> trackedCustomers;
        private const string customerCountry = "Germany";
        private const string svcUri = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/";

        public CustomerOrdersWpf()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // Initialize the context for the data service.
                context = new NorthwindEntities(new Uri(svcUri));

                // Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
                var customerQuery = from cust in context.Customers.Expand("Orders")
                                    where cust.Country == customerCountry
                                    select cust;

                // Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
                trackedCustomers = new DataServiceCollection<Customer>(customerQuery);

                // Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection;
                // related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
                LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers;
            }
            catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString());
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString());
            }
        }
        private void saveChangesButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Save changes to the data service.
            context.SaveChanges();
        }
    }
}

以下 XAML 在 WPF 中为以上示例定义 SalesOrders 窗口。

    <Window x:Class="CustomerOrdersWpf"
             xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
             Height="423" Width="679" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Height="Auto" Name="LayoutRoot" Width="Auto">
        <Label Content="Customer ID" Margin="20,0,0,0" />
        <ComboBox Name="customerIDComboBox" DisplayMemberPath="CustomerID" ItemsSource="{Binding}" 
                  IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" SelectedIndex="0" Height="23" Width="120" 
                  HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="20,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
        <ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Orders}" Name="ordersDataGrid" Margin="34,46,34,50">
            <ListView.View>
                <GridView AllowsColumnReorder="False" ColumnHeaderToolTip="Line Items">
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderID, Mode=OneWay}" 
                        Header="Order ID" Width="50"/>
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderDate, Mode=TwoWay}" 
                        Header="Order Date" Width="50"/>
                    <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Freight, Mode=TwoWay}" 
                        Header="Freight Cost" Width="50"/>
                </GridView>
            </ListView.View>
        </ListView>
        <Button Name="saveChangesButton" Content="Save Changes" Click="saveChangesButton_Click" 
                Width="80" Height="30" Margin="450,0,0,0"/>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

通过

如何：将数据绑定到 Windows Presentation Foundation 元素（WCF 数据服务）

示例

其他资源