服务和事务
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 应用程序可以从客户端中启动事务,然后在服务操作中协调该事务。客户端可以启动事务和调用多个服务操作,并可确保服务操作作为一个单元提交或回滚。
通过为需要客户端事务的服务操作指定 ServiceBehaviorAttribute 并设置其 TransactionIsolationLevel 和 TransactionScopeRequired 属性,可以启用服务协定中的事务行为。TransactionAutoComplete 参数指定在没有引发未处理的异常的情况下,方法在其中执行的事务是否自动完成。有关这些属性的更多信息,请参见 ServiceModel 事务属性。
在服务操作中执行并由资源管理器管理的工作(如记录数据库更新)是客户端事务的一部分。
下面的示例演示如何使用 ServiceBehaviorAttribute 和 OperationBehaviorAttribute 属性来控制服务端的事务行为。
[ServiceBehavior(TransactionIsolationLevel = System.Transactions.IsolationLevel.Serializable)]
public class CalculatorService: ICalculatorLog
{
[OperationBehavior(TransactionScopeRequired = true,
TransactionAutoComplete = true)]
public double Add(double n1, double n2)
{
recordToLog(String.Format("Added {0} to {1}", n1, n2));
return n1 + n2;
}
[OperationBehavior(TransactionScopeRequired = true,
TransactionAutoComplete = true)]
public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
{
recordToLog(String.Format("Subtracted {0} from {1}", n1, n2));
return n1 - n2;
}
[OperationBehavior(TransactionScopeRequired = true,
TransactionAutoComplete = true)]
public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
{
recordToLog(String.Format("Multiplied {0} by {1}", n1, n2));
return n1 * n2;
}
[OperationBehavior(TransactionScopeRequired = true,
TransactionAutoComplete = true)]
public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
{
recordToLog(String.Format("Divided {0} by {1}", n1, n2));
return n1 / n2;
}
}
可以启用事务和事务流,方法是将客户端和服务绑定配置为使用 WS-AtomicTransaction 协议,然后将 <transactionFlow> 元素设置为 true,如下面的示例配置中所示。
<client>
<endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost/ServiceModelSamples/service"
binding="netTcpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="netTcpBindingWSAT"
contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculatorLog" />
</client>
<bindings>
<netTcpBinding>
<binding name="netTcpBindingWSAT"
transactionFlow="true"
transactionProtocol="WSAtomicTransactionOctober2004" />
</netTcpBinding>
</bindings>
客户端可以通过创建 TransactionScope,然后在该事务范围内调用服务操作来开始该事务。
using (TransactionScope ts = new TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.RequiresNew))
{
//Do work here
ts.Complete();
}