cauchy_distribution 类
生成柯西分布。
template<class RealType = double> class cauchy_distribution { public: // types typedef RealType result_type; struct param_type; // constructor and reset functions explicit cauchy_distribution(RealType a = 0.0, RealType b = 1.0); explicit cauchy_distribution(const param_type& parm); void reset(); // generating functions template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& gen); template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& gen, const param_type& parm); // property functions RealType a() const; RealType b() const; param_type param() const; void param(const param_type& parm); result_type min() const; result_type max() const; };
参数
- RealType
浮点结果类型，默认为 double。 有关可能的类型，请参阅 <random>。
备注
如果未根据柯西分布提供和分布任何类型，则模板类将描述产生用户指定的整型值或 double 型值的分布。 下表链接到有关各个成员的文章。
cauchy_distribution::a |
cauchy_distribution::param |
|
cauchy_distribution::operator() |
cauchy_distribution::b |
属性函数 a() 和 b() 返回存储的分布参数 a 和 b 的各自值。
有关分布类及其成员的详细信息，请参阅 <random>。
有关柯西分布的详细信息，请参阅 Wolfram MathWorld 文章柯西分布。
示例
// compile with: /EHsc /W4
#include <random>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <map>
void test(const double a, const double b, const int s) {
// uncomment to use a non-deterministic generator
// std::random_device gen;
std::mt19937 gen(1701);
std::cauchy_distribution<> distr(a, b);
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "min() == " << distr.min() << std::endl;
std::cout << "max() == " << distr.max() << std::endl;
std::cout << "a() == " << std::fixed << std::setw(11) << std::setprecision(10) << distr.a() << std::endl;
std::cout << "b() == " << std::fixed << std::setw(11) << std::setprecision(10) << distr.b() << std::endl;
// generate the distribution as a histogram
std::map<double, int> histogram;
for (int i = 0; i < s; ++i) {
++histogram[distr(gen)];
}
// print results
std::cout << "Distribution for " << s << " samples:" << std::endl;
int counter = 0;
for (const auto& elem : histogram) {
std::cout << std::fixed << std::setw(11) << ++counter << ": "
<< std::setw(14) << std::setprecision(10) << elem.first << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
double a_dist = 0.0;
double b_dist = 1;
int samples = 10;
std::cout << "Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values." << std::endl;
std::cout << "Enter a floating point value for the 'a' distribution parameter: ";
std::cin >> a_dist;
std::cout << "Enter a floating point value for the 'b' distribution parameter (must be greater than zero): ";
std::cin >> b_dist;
std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the sample count: ";
std::cin >> samples;
test(a_dist, b_dist, samples);
}
输出
首次运行：
Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values.
Enter a floating point value for the 'a' distribution parameter: 0
Enter a floating point value for the 'b' distribution parameter (must be greater than zero): 1
Enter an integer value for the sample count: 10
min() == -1.79769e+308
max() == 1.79769e+308
a() == 0.0000000000
b() == 1.0000000000
Distribution for 10 samples:
1: -3.4650392984
2: -2.6369564174
3: -0.0786978867
4: -0.0609632093
5: 0.0589387400
6: 0.0589539764
7: 0.1004592006
8: 1.0965724260
9: 1.4389408122
10: 2.5253154706
第二次运行：
Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values.
Enter a floating point value for the 'a' distribution parameter: 0
Enter a floating point value for the 'b' distribution parameter (must be greater than zero): 10
Enter an integer value for the sample count: 10
min() == -1.79769e+308
max() == 1.79769e+308
a() == 0.0000000000
b() == 10.0000000000
Distribution for 10 samples:
1: -34.6503929840
2: -26.3695641736
3: -0.7869788674
4: -0.6096320926
5: 0.5893873999
6: 0.5895397637
7: 1.0045920062
8: 10.9657242597
9: 14.3894081218
10: 25.2531547063
第三次运行：
Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values.
Enter a floating point value for the 'a' distribution parameter: 10
Enter a floating point value for the 'b' distribution parameter (must be greater than zero): 10
Enter an integer value for the sample count: 10
min() == -1.79769e+308
max() == 1.79769e+308
a() == 10.0000000000
b() == 10.0000000000
Distribution for 10 samples:
1: -24.6503929840
2: -16.3695641736
3: 9.2130211326
4: 9.3903679074
5: 10.5893873999
6: 10.5895397637
7: 11.0045920062
8: 20.9657242597
9: 24.3894081218
10: 35.2531547063
要求
标头：<random>
命名空间: std