uniform_int_distribution 类

在包含起始值和结束值的输出范围中生成均匀的(每个值的概率都均等)整数分布。

template<class IntType = int> class uniform_int_distribution { public:     // types     typedef IntType result_type;     struct param_type;     // constructors and reset functions     explicit uniform_int_distribution(IntType a = 0, IntType b = numeric_limits<IntType>::max());     explicit uniform_int_distribution(const param_type& parm);     void reset();     // generating functions     template<class URNG>     result_type operator()(URNG& gen);     template<class URNG>     result_type operator()(URNG& gen, const param_type& parm);     // property functions     result_type a() const;     result_type b() const;     param_type param() const;     void param(const param_type& parm);     result_type min() const;     result_type max() const; };

参数

  • IntType
    整数结果类型,默认为 int。 有关可能的类型,请参阅 <random>

备注

模板类描述了包含起始值和结束值的分布,该分布使用某个分布产生用户指定的整型值,以便每个值的概率都均等。 下表链接到有关各个成员的文章。

uniform_int_distribution::uniform_int_distribution

uniform_int_distribution::a

uniform_int_distribution::param

uniform_int_distribution::operator()

uniform_int_distribution::b

uniform_int_distribution::param_type

属性成员 a() 将返回分布当前存储的下限,而 b() 将返回当前存储的上限。 对于此分布类,这些最小值和最大值与 <random> 主题中描述的常用属性函数 min() 和 max() 返回的值相同。

有关分布类及其成员的详细信息,请参阅 <random>

示例

 

// compile with: /EHsc /W4
#include <random> 
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <map>

void test(const int a, const int b, const int s) {

    // uncomment to use a non-deterministic seed
    //    std::random_device rd;
    //    std::mt19937 gen(rd());
    std::mt19937 gen(1729);

    std::uniform_int_distribution<> distr(a, b);

    std::cout << "lower bound == " << distr.a() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "upper bound == " << distr.b() << std::endl;

    // generate the distribution as a histogram
    std::map<int, int> histogram;
    for (int i = 0; i < s; ++i) {
        ++histogram[distr(gen)];
    }

    // print results
    std::cout << "Distribution for " << s << " samples:" << std::endl;
    for (const auto& elem : histogram) {
        std::cout << std::setw(5) << elem.first << ' ' << std::string(elem.second, ':') << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    int a_dist = 1;
    int b_dist = 10;

    int samples = 100;

    std::cout << "Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values." << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the lower bound of the distribution: ";
    std::cin >> a_dist;
    std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the upper bound of the distribution: ";
    std::cin >> b_dist;
    std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the sample count: ";
    std::cin >> samples;

    test(a_dist, b_dist, samples);
}

输出

       

要求

标头:<random>

命名空间: std

请参见

参考

<random>