max_element

查找可以由二进制谓词指定的范围最大的并且第一次出现的元素。

template<class ForwardIterator> 
   ForwardIterator max_element( 
      ForwardIterator _First,  
      ForwardIterator _Last 
   ); 
template<class ForwardIterator, class BinaryPredicate> 
   ForwardIterator max_element( 
      ForwardIterator _First,  
      ForwardIterator _Last,  
      BinaryPredicate _Comp 
   );

参数

• _First
  寻址要搜索的范围中的第大元素的位置的向前迭代器。

• _Last
  为最大元素寻址要搜索的范围中最后一个元素的下一位置的向前迭代器。

• _Comp
  用户定义的谓词函数对象定义一个元素大于另一个。 二进制谓词采用两个参数，并且在满足第一个元素小于第二个元素时返回 true，在未满足时返回 false。

返回值

寻址要搜索的范围中的第一个最大元素出现的位置的向前迭代器。

备注

引用的范围必须是有效的；所有指针必须是不可引用的，并在该序列中通过增加可从第一个达到最后一个。

这复杂度是线性的： (_Last – _First)-1非空范围的比较是必要的。

示例

// alg_max_element.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>

using namespace std;
class CInt;
ostream& operator<<( ostream& osIn, const CInt& rhs );

class CInt
{
public:
   CInt( int n = 0 ) : m_nVal( n ){}
   CInt( const CInt& rhs ) : m_nVal( rhs.m_nVal ){}
   CInt& operator=( const CInt& rhs ) {m_nVal = 
   rhs.m_nVal; return *this;}
   bool operator<( const CInt& rhs ) const 
      {return ( m_nVal < rhs.m_nVal );}
   friend ostream& operator<<( ostream& osIn, const CInt& rhs );

private:
   int m_nVal;
};

inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& osIn, const CInt& rhs)
{
   osIn << "CInt( " << rhs.m_nVal << " )"; 
   return osIn;
}

// Return whether modulus of elem1 is greater than modulus of elem2
bool mod_lesser ( int elem1, int elem2 )
{
   if ( elem1 < 0 ) 
      elem1 = - elem1;
   if ( elem2 < 0 ) 
      elem2 = - elem2;
   return elem1 < elem2;
};

int main( )
{
   // Searching a set container with elements of type CInt 
   // for the maximum element 
   CInt c1 = 1, c2 = 2, c3 = -3;
   set<CInt> s1;
   set<CInt>::iterator s1_Iter, s1_R1_Iter, s1_R2_Iter;
   
   s1.insert ( c1 );
   s1.insert ( c2 );
   s1.insert ( c3 );

   cout << "s1 = (";
   for ( s1_Iter = s1.begin( ); s1_Iter != --s1.end( ); s1_Iter++ )
      cout << " " << *s1_Iter << ",";
   s1_Iter = --s1.end( );
   cout << " " << *s1_Iter << " )." << endl;

   s1_R1_Iter = max_element ( s1.begin ( ) , s1.end ( ) );

   cout << "The largest element in s1 is: " << *s1_R1_Iter << endl;
   cout << endl;

   // Searching a vector with elements of type int for the maximum
   // element under default less than & mod_lesser binary predicates
   vector <int> v1;
   vector <int>::iterator v1_Iter, v1_R1_Iter, v1_R2_Iter;

   int i;
   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 3 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( i );
   }

   int ii;
   for ( ii = 1 ; ii <= 4 ; ii++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( - 2 * ii );
   }
   
   cout << "Vector v1 is ( " ;
   for ( v1_Iter = v1.begin( ) ; v1_Iter != v1.end( ) ; v1_Iter++ )
      cout << *v1_Iter << " ";
   cout << ")." << endl;

   v1_R1_Iter = max_element ( v1.begin ( ) , v1.end ( ) );
   v1_R2_Iter = max_element ( v1.begin ( ) , v1.end ( ), mod_lesser);

   cout << "The largest element in v1 is: " << *v1_R1_Iter << endl;
   cout << "The largest element in v1 under the mod_lesser"
        << "\n binary predicate is: " << *v1_R2_Iter << endl;
}

Output

s1 = ( CInt( -3 ), CInt( 1 ), CInt( 2 ) ).
The largest element in s1 is: CInt( 2 )

Vector v1 is ( 0 1 2 3 -2 -4 -6 -8 ).
The largest element in v1 is: 3
The largest element in v1 under the mod_lesser
 binary predicate is: -8

要求

标头： <算法>

命名空间: std

请参见

参考

max_element 的非谓语版本

max_element 的谓词版本

标准模板库