如何：使用 ClickOnce 部署 API 以编程方式检查应用程序更新

项目
06/09/2015

ClickOnce 提供了两种在部署后更新应用程序的方法。在第一种方法中，可以将 ClickOnce 部署配置为以特定间隔时间自动检查是否有更新。在第二种方法中，可以编写使用 ApplicationDeployment 类根据事件（如用户请求）检查是否有更新的代码。

下面的过程演示一些执行编程更新的代码，同时描述如何配置 ClickOnce 部署，以启用编程更新检查。

为了以编程方式更新 ClickOnce 应用程序，必须为更新指定一个位置。这有时称为部署提供程序。有关设置此属性的更多信息，请参见选择 ClickOnce 更新策略。

备注

也可以使用下面所描述的技术在一个位置部署应用程序，而从其他位置更新该应用程序。有关更多信息，请参见如何：指定部署更新的其他位置。

以编程方式检查更新

使用您喜爱的命令行或可视化工具创建一个新的 Windows 窗体应用程序。

创建希望让用户选择以检查是否有更新的任何按钮、菜单项或其他用户界面项。从该项的事件处理程序调用下列方法以检查是否有更新并安装更新。

Private Sub InstallUpdateSyncWithInfo()
    Dim info As UpdateCheckInfo = Nothing 

    If (ApplicationDeployment.IsNetworkDeployed) Then 
        Dim AD As ApplicationDeployment = ApplicationDeployment.CurrentDeployment

        Try
            info = AD.CheckForDetailedUpdate()
        Catch dde As DeploymentDownloadException
            MessageBox.Show("The new version of the application cannot be downloaded at this time. " + ControlChars.Lf & ControlChars.Lf & "Please check your network connection, or try again later. Error: " + dde.Message)
            Return 
        Catch ioe As InvalidOperationException
            MessageBox.Show("This application cannot be updated. It is likely not a ClickOnce application. Error: " & ioe.Message)
            Return 
        End Try 

        If (info.UpdateAvailable) Then 
            Dim doUpdate As Boolean = True 

            If (Not info.IsUpdateRequired) Then 
                Dim dr As DialogResult = MessageBox.Show("An update is available. Would you like to update the application now?", "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel)
                If (Not System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK = dr) Then
                    doUpdate = False 
                End If 
            Else 
                ' Display a message that the app MUST reboot. Display the minimum required version.
                MessageBox.Show("This application has detected a mandatory update from your current " & _
                    "version to version " & info.MinimumRequiredVersion.ToString() & _
                    ". The application will now install the update and restart.", _
                    "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.OK, _
                    MessageBoxIcon.Information)
            End If 

            If (doUpdate) Then 
                Try
                    AD.Update()
                    MessageBox.Show("The application has been upgraded, and will now restart.")
                    Application.Restart()
                Catch dde As DeploymentDownloadException
                    MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the latest version of the application. " & ControlChars.Lf & ControlChars.Lf & "Please check your network connection, or try again later.")
                    Return 
                End Try 
            End If 
        End If 
        End If 
End Sub

private void InstallUpdateSyncWithInfo()
{
    UpdateCheckInfo info = null;

    if (ApplicationDeployment.IsNetworkDeployed)
    {
        ApplicationDeployment ad = ApplicationDeployment.CurrentDeployment;

        try
        {
            info = ad.CheckForDetailedUpdate();

        }
        catch (DeploymentDownloadException dde)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("The new version of the application cannot be downloaded at this time. \n\nPlease check your network connection, or try again later. Error: " + dde.Message);
            return;
        }
        catch (InvalidDeploymentException ide)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Cannot check for a new version of the application. The ClickOnce deployment is corrupt. Please redeploy the application and try again. Error: " + ide.Message);
            return;
        }
        catch (InvalidOperationException ioe)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("This application cannot be updated. It is likely not a ClickOnce application. Error: " + ioe.Message);
            return;
        }

        if (info.UpdateAvailable)
        {
            Boolean doUpdate = true;

            if (!info.IsUpdateRequired)
            {
                DialogResult dr = MessageBox.Show("An update is available. Would you like to update the application now?", "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel);
                if (!(DialogResult.OK == dr))
                {
                    doUpdate = false;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // Display a message that the app MUST reboot. Display the minimum required version.
                MessageBox.Show("This application has detected a mandatory update from your current " + 
                    "version to version " + info.MinimumRequiredVersion.ToString() + 
                    ". The application will now install the update and restart.", 
                    "Update Available", MessageBoxButtons.OK, 
                    MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

            if (doUpdate)
            {
                try
                {
                    ad.Update();
                    MessageBox.Show("The application has been upgraded, and will now restart.");
                    Application.Restart();
                }
                catch (DeploymentDownloadException dde)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the latest version of the application. \n\nPlease check your network connection, or try again later. Error: " + dde);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

public:
    void InstallUpdateSync()
    {
        if (ApplicationDeployment::IsNetworkDeployed)
        {
            bool isUpdateAvailable = false;
            ApplicationDeployment^ appDeployment =
                ApplicationDeployment::CurrentDeployment;

            try
            {
                isUpdateAvailable = appDeployment->CheckForUpdate();
            }
            catch (InvalidOperationException^ ex)
            {
                MessageBox::Show("The update check failed. Error: {0}",
                    ex->Message);
                return;
            }

            if (isUpdateAvailable)
            {
                try
                {
                    appDeployment->Update();
                    MessageBox::Show(
                        "The application has been upgraded, and will now " +
                        "restart.");
                    Application::Restart();
                }
                catch (Exception^ ex)
                {
                    MessageBox::Show("The update failed. Error: {0}",
                        ex->Message);
                    return;
                }

            }
        }
    }

编译应用程序。

使用 Mage.exe 部署以编程方式检查是否有更新的应用程序

按照演练：手动部署 ClickOnce 应用程序中描述的使用 Mage.exe 部署应用程序的说明进行操作。在调用 Mage.exe 生成部署清单时，确保使用命令行开关 providerUrl 及指定 ClickOnce 应检查是否有更新的 URL。例如，如果应用程序将从 http://www.adatum.com/MyApp 进行更新，则生成部署清单的调用可能如下所示：
```
mage -New Deployment -ToFile WindowsFormsApp1.application -Name "My App 1.0" -Version 1.0.0.0 -AppManifest 1.0.0.0\MyApp.manifest -providerUrl http://www.adatum.com/MyApp/MyApp.application
```

使用 MageUI.exe 部署以编程方式检查是否有更新的应用程序

按照演练：手动部署 ClickOnce 应用程序中描述的使用 Mage.exe 部署应用程序的说明进行操作。在**“部署选项”选项卡上，将“启动位置”字段设置为 ClickOnce 应检查是否有更新的应用程序清单。在“更新选项”选项卡上，清除“此应用程序应该检查更新”**复选框。