如何：按任意字或字段排序或筛选文本数据 (LINQ)
更新：2007 年 11 月
下面的示例演示如何按结构化文本（如逗号分隔值）行中的任意字段对该文本行进行排序。可在运行时动态指定该字段。假定 scores.csv 中的字段表示学生的 ID 号，后面跟四个测验分数。
创建一个包含数据的文件
- 从主题如何：联接不同文件的内容 (LINQ) 中复制 scores.csv 数据并将其保存到解决方案文件夹中。
示例
Class SortLines
Shared Sub Main()
Dim scores As String() = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines("../../../scores.csv")
' Change this to any value from 0 to 4
Dim sortField As Integer = 1
Console.WriteLine("Sorted highest to lowest by field " & sortField)
' Demonstrates how to return query from a method.
' The query is executed here.
For Each str As String In SortQuery(scores, sortField)
Console.WriteLine(str)
Next
' Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
Shared Function SortQuery(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of String), ByVal num As Integer) _
As IEnumerable(Of String)
Dim scoreQuery = From line In source _
Let fields = line.Split(New Char() {","}) _
Order By fields(num) Descending _
Select line
Return scoreQuery
End Function
End Class
' Output:
' Sorted highest to lowest by field 1
' 116, 99, 86, 90, 94
' 120, 99, 82, 81, 79
' 111, 97, 92, 81, 60
' 114, 97, 89, 85, 82
' 121, 96, 85, 91, 60
' 122, 94, 92, 91, 91
' 117, 93, 92, 80, 87
' 118, 92, 90, 83, 78
' 113, 88, 94, 65, 91
' 112, 75, 84, 91, 39
' 119, 68, 79, 88, 92
' 115, 35, 72, 91, 70
public class SortLines
{
static void Main()
{
// Create an IEnumerable data source
string[] scores = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(@"../../../scores.csv");
// Change this to any value from 0 to 4.
int sortField = 1;
Console.WriteLine("Sorted highest to lowest by field [{0}]:", sortField);
// Demonstrates how to return query from a method.
// The query is executed here.
foreach (string str in RunQuery(scores, sortField))
{
Console.WriteLine(str);
}
// Keep the console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit");
Console.ReadKey();
}
// Returns the query variable, not query results!
static IEnumerable<string> RunQuery(IEnumerable<string> source, int num)
{
// Split the string and sort on field[num]
var scoreQuery = from line in source
let fields = line.Split(',')
orderby fields[num] descending
select line;
return scoreQuery;
}
}
/* Output (if sortField == 1):
Sorted highest to lowest by field [1]:
116, 99, 86, 90, 94
120, 99, 82, 81, 79
111, 97, 92, 81, 60
114, 97, 89, 85, 82
121, 96, 85, 91, 60
122, 94, 92, 91, 91
117, 93, 92, 80, 87
118, 92, 90, 83, 78
113, 88, 94, 65, 91
112, 75, 84, 91, 39
119, 68, 79, 88, 92
115, 35, 72, 91, 70
*/
此示例还演示如何从函数 (Visual Basic) 或方法 (C#) 返回查询变量。
编译代码
创建一个面向 .NET Framework 3.5 版的 Visual Studio 项目。默认情况下，该项目具有对 System.Core.dll 的引用和针对 System.Linq 命名空间的 using 指令 (C#) 或 Imports 语句 (Visual Basic)。在 C# 项目中，添加针对 System.IO 命名空间的 using 指令。
将这段代码复制到项目中。
按 F5 编译并运行程序。
按任意键退出控制台窗口。