如何：获取设备 ID 和名称

更新：2007 年 11 月

要获取设备的名称，请使用 Dns.GetHostName 属性。通常情况下，默认名称为“PocketPC”。

示例

本示例在加载窗体时在消息框中显示设备的 ID 和名称。

要获取设备 ID 或序列号，您必须使用平台调用来访问本机 Windows CE KernelIoControl 函数。

Imports System
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic

Public Class DeviceID
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form

    Declare Function KernelIoControl Lib "CoreDll.dll" _
        (ByVal dwIoControlCode As Int32, _
        ByVal lpInBuf As IntPtr, _
        ByVal nInBufSize As Int32, _
        ByVal lpOutBuf() As Byte, _
        ByVal nOutBufSize As Int32, _
        ByRef lpBytesReturned As Int32) As Boolean

    Public Sub New()

        Me.Text = "DeviceID"

        ' Display OK close button.
        Me.MinimizeBox = False

    End Sub

    Protected Overloads Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
        MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
    End Sub

    Shared Sub Main()
        Application.Run(New DeviceID)
    End Sub 

    Private Shared METHOD_BUFFERED As Int32 = 0
    Private Shared FILE_ANY_ACCESS As Int32 = 0
    Private Shared FILE_DEVICE_HAL As Int32 = &H101

    Private Const ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED As Int32 = &H32
    Private Const ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER As Int32 = &H7A

    Private Shared IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID As Int32 = _
        (&H10000 * FILE_DEVICE_HAL) Or (&H4000 * FILE_ANY_ACCESS) _
        Or (&H4 * 21) Or METHOD_BUFFERED

    Private Shared Function GetDeviceID() As String

        ' Initialize the output buffer to the size of a 
        ' Win32 DEVICE_ID structure 
        Dim outbuff(19) As Byte
        Dim dwOutBytes As Int32
        Dim done As Boolean = False

        Dim nBuffSize As Int32 = outbuff.Length

        ' Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some platforms look at
        ' this field rather than the nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl
        ' when determining if the buffer is large enough.
        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0)
        dwOutBytes = 0

        ' Loop until the device ID is retrieved or an error occurs.
        While Not done
            If KernelIoControl(IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID, IntPtr.Zero, _
                0, outbuff, nBuffSize, dwOutBytes) Then
                done = True
            Else
                Dim errnum As Integer = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()
                Select Case errnum
                    Case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
                        Throw New NotSupportedException( _
                            "IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID is not supported on this device", _
                            New Win32Exception(errnum))

                    Case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER

                        ' The buffer is not big enough for the data.  The
                        ' required size is in the first 4 bytes of the output 
                        ' buffer (DEVICE_ID.dwSize).
                        nBuffSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0)
                        outbuff = New Byte(nBuffSize) {}

                        ' Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some
                        ' platforms look at this field rather than the
                        ' nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl when
                        ' determining if the buffer is large enough.
                        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0)

                    Case Else
                        Throw New Win32Exception(errnum, "Unexpected error")
                End Select
            End If
        End While

        ' Copy the elements of the DEVICE_ID structure.
        Dim dwPresetIDOffset As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H4)
        Dim dwPresetIDSize As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H8)
        Dim dwPlatformIDOffset As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &HC)
        Dim dwPlatformIDSize As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H10)
        Dim sb As New StringBuilder
        Dim i As Integer

        For i = dwPresetIDOffset To (dwPresetIDOffset + dwPresetIDSize) - 1
            sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff(i)))
        Next i

        sb.Append("-")

        For i = dwPlatformIDOffset To (dwPlatformIDOffset + dwPlatformIDSize) - 1
            sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff(i)))
        Next i

        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        Try
            ' Show the device ID.
            Dim deviceID As String = GetDeviceID()
            MessageBox.Show("Device ID: " + deviceID)

            ' Show the device name.
            Dim deviceName As String = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName()
            MessageBox.Show("Device Name: " & deviceName)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;

namespace DeviceID
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for DeviceID.
    /// </summary>
    public class DeviceID : System.Windows.Forms.Form
    {

    public DeviceID()
        {
            //
            // Required for Windows Form Designer support
            //
            InitializeComponent();

            //
            // TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call
            //
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
        {
            base.Dispose( disposing );
        }

        #region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            // 
            // DeviceID
            // 
            this.Text = "DeviceID";
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.DeviceID_Load);

        }
        static void Main() 
        {
            Application.Run(new DeviceID());
        }
        #endregion

        private static Int32 METHOD_BUFFERED = 0;
        private static Int32 FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0;
        private static Int32 FILE_DEVICE_HAL = 0x00000101;

        private const Int32 ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0x32;
        private const Int32 ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 0x7A;

        private static Int32 IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID = 
            ((FILE_DEVICE_HAL) << 16) | ((FILE_ANY_ACCESS) << 14) 
            | ((21) << 2) | (METHOD_BUFFERED);

        [DllImport("coredll.dll", SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern bool KernelIoControl(Int32 dwIoControlCode, 
            IntPtr lpInBuf, Int32 nInBufSize, byte[] lpOutBuf, 
            Int32 nOutBufSize, ref Int32 lpBytesReturned);

        private static string GetDeviceID()
        {
            // Initialize the output buffer to the size of a 
            // Win32 DEVICE_ID structure.
            byte[] outbuff = new byte[20];
            Int32  dwOutBytes;
            bool done = false;

            Int32 nBuffSize = outbuff.Length;

            // Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some platforms look at
            // this field rather than the nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl
            // when determining if the buffer is large enough.
            BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0);  
            dwOutBytes = 0;

            // Loop until the device ID is retrieved or an error occurs.
            while (! done)
            {
                if (KernelIoControl(IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID, IntPtr.Zero, 
                    0, outbuff, nBuffSize, ref dwOutBytes))
                {
                    done = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    int error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                    switch (error)
                    {
                    case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
                        throw new NotSupportedException(
                            "IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID is not supported on this device",
                            new Win32Exception(error));

                    case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:

                        // The buffer is not big enough for the data.  The
                        // required size is in the first 4 bytes of the output
                        // buffer (DEVICE_ID.dwSize).
                        nBuffSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0);
                        outbuff = new byte[nBuffSize];

                        // Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some
                        // platforms look at this field rather than the
                        // nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl when
                        // determining if the buffer is large enough.
                        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0);
                        break;

                    default:
                        throw new Win32Exception(error, "Unexpected error");
                    }
                }
            }

            // Copy the elements of the DEVICE_ID structure.
            Int32 dwPresetIDOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x4);
            Int32 dwPresetIDSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x8);
            Int32 dwPlatformIDOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0xc);
            Int32 dwPlatformIDSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x10);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

            for (int i = dwPresetIDOffset; 
                i < dwPresetIDOffset + dwPresetIDSize; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff[i]));
            }

            sb.Append("-");

            for (int i = dwPlatformIDOffset; 
                i < dwPlatformIDOffset + dwPlatformIDSize; i ++ )  
            {
                sb.Append( String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff[i]));
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        private void DeviceID_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            try 
            {
                // Show the device ID.
                string strDeviceID = GetDeviceID();
                MessageBox.Show("Device ID: " + strDeviceID);

                // Show the device name.
                string deviceName = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName();
                MessageBox.Show("Device Name: " + deviceName);
            }

            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

编译代码

此示例需要引用下面的命名空间：

• System

• System.ComponentModel

• System.Runtime.InteropServices

• System.Text

• System.Windows.Forms

可靠编程

下表列出了本机 KernelIoControl 函数参数。所有参数均是 32 位。

参数	Win32 类型	托管类型	典型值
dwIoControlCode	DWORD	Int32	IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID
lpInBuf	LPVOID	IntPtr	IntPtr.Zero（不要求输入数据）
nInBufSize	DWORD	Int32	0（不要求输入数据）
lpOutBuf	LPVOID*	Int32	含 20 个元素的 Byte 数组（DEVICE_ID 结构的大小为 20 字节）
nOutBufSize	DWORD	Int32	20
lpBytesReturned	LPWORD	refInt32	0

lpOutBuf 参数具有以下结构：

Structure DEVICE_ID
    Private dwSize As Integer
    Private dwPresetIDOffset As Integer
    Private dwPresetIDBytes As Integer
    Private dwPlatformIDOffset As Integer
    Private dwPlatformIDBytes As Integer
End Structure

struct DEVICE_ID
{
    int dwSize;
    int dwPresetIDOffset;
    int dwPresetIDBytes;
    int dwPlatformIDOffset;
    int dwPlatformIDBytes;
}

返回值和错误处理

如果将设备 ID 复制到了输出缓冲区，KernelIoControl 函数返回 true；否则，它会返回 false。如果 KernelIoControl 失败，请调用托管 GetLastWin32Error 方法以获取 Win32 错误代码。错误代码可能是下列代码中的任意一种：

• ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED - 指示设备不执行 IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID 控制代码。

• ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER - 指示输出缓冲区不够大，无法容纳设备 ID。由 DEVICE_ID 结构中的 dwSize 指定的所需字节数在输出缓冲区的前四个字节中返回。如果发生此错误，请将输出缓冲区重新分配为 dwSize 指定的大小，然后再次调用 KernelIoControl。

请参见

任务

如何：获取设备内存

其他资源

.NET Compact Framework 中的互操作性