如何：创建网格
更新：2007 年 11 月
可以通过四种基本方法创建网格：
从文件加载网格数据。
克隆或优化现有网格。
使用形状创建功能并指定将用于创建形状的三角形的大小和数量。
使用 Mesh 构造函数。
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托管 Direct3D 移动应用程序需要使用适用于 Pocket PC 和 Smartphone 的 Windows Mobile 5.0 版软件。有关 Windows Mobile 软件和 SDK 的信息，请参见 .NET Compact Framework 的外部资源。 |
从文件创建网格
- 从文件加载网格数据，然后使用这些数据填充网格。.NET Compact Framework 不支持直接从文件加载网格，但是 Direct3D Mobile Meshes Sample（Direct3D Mobile 网络示例）定义了一个类来加载网络。
从现有网格创建网格
使用 Optimize 方法以优化数据创建新网格。
- 或 -
使用 OptimizeInPlace 方法来优化当前网格。
克隆主要用于将网格从浮点型格式转换为定点格式。优化主要用于创建可更快绘制的网格。网格优化将对网格中的三角形重新排列，以便能够更快地执行对网格的绘图调用。网格优化还生成一个属性表，该属性表用于标识网格中需要用不同纹理、呈现状态和材质绘制的区域。
使用形状创建功能创建网格
使用网格构造函数创建网格
使用所需参数调用 Mesh 构造函数。
设置索引缓冲区、顶点缓冲区和属性表数据。这种情况下，数据通常是在运行时生成的。下面的示例演示了以此方法创建网格的步骤。
示例
下面的代码示例在 x-y 平面上（z 轴坐标表示垂直维度）创建高度场网格。创建的特定网格的长度从 (0, 0) 到 (1, 1)，高度是由 GetHeight 方法指定的。此网格还带有一条穿越整个网格的纹理。由此示例指定的 tessellation 参数用于控制沿网格边缘使用的点的个数。
Class Form1
Private Sub New()
MyBase.New()
' In this example, initialize the mesh with
' 4 tessellations
Me.InitializeMesh(4)
End Sub
Private Sub InitializeMesh(ByVal tessellation As Integer)
Dim mesh1 As Mesh = CreateHeightfieldMesh(tessellation)
End Sub
Private Function GetHeight(ByVal x As Single, ByVal y As Single) As Single
Return 0
End Function
Private Function CreateHeightfieldMesh(ByVal tessellation As Integer) As Mesh
Dim mesh As Mesh
Dim device As Device = Nothing
Dim arrayIndices((tessellation - 1) * (tessellation - 1) * 6) As Short
Dim arrayVertices(tessellation * tessellation) As CustomVertex.PositionTextured
Dim attributeRange As New AttributeRange()
' Create mesh with desired vertex format and desired size.
mesh = New Mesh(arrayIndices.Length / 3, arrayVertices.Length, MeshFlags.SystemMemory, CustomVertex.PositionTextured.Format, device)
' For each point in the height field calculate the x, y, z and
' texture coordinates.
Dim y As Integer
For y = 0 To tessellation
Dim x As Integer
For x = 0 To tessellation
Dim arrayIndex As Integer = y * tessellation + x
Dim xCoordinate As Single = System.Convert.ToSingle(x) / System.Convert.ToSingle(tessellation - 1)
Dim yCoordinate As Single = System.Convert.ToSingle(y) / System.Convert.ToSingle(tessellation - 1)
Dim vertex As New CustomVertex.PositionTextured(xCoordinate, yCoordinate, GetHeight(xCoordinate, yCoordinate), xCoordinate, yCoordinate)
arrayVertices(arrayIndex) = vertex
Next x
Next y
' Calculate the index buffer.
Dim z As Integer
For z = 0 To (tessellation - 1)
Dim x As Integer
For x = 0 To (tessellation - 1)
Dim arrayIndex As Integer = (z * (tessellation - 1) + x) * 6
Dim vertexIndex As Integer = z * tessellation + x
arrayIndices(arrayIndex) = Fix(vertexIndex)
arrayIndices((arrayIndex + 1)) = Fix(vertexIndex + 1)
arrayIndices((arrayIndex + 2)) = Fix(vertexIndex + tessellation)
arrayIndices((arrayIndex + 3)) = Fix(vertexIndex + tessellation)
arrayIndices((arrayIndex + 4)) = Fix(vertexIndex + 1)
arrayIndices((arrayIndex + 5)) = Fix(vertexIndex + tessellation + 1)
Next x
Next z
' There is only one attribute value for this mesh.
' By specifying an attribute range the DrawSubset function
' does not have to scan the entire mesh for all faces that are
' are marked with a particular attribute ID.
attributeRange.AttributeId = 0
attributeRange.FaceStart = 0
attributeRange.FaceCount = arrayIndices.Length / 3
attributeRange.VertexStart = 0
attributeRange.VertexCount = arrayVertices.Length
mesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(arrayVertices, 0, LockFlags.None)
mesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(arrayIndices, 0, LockFlags.None)
mesh.SetAttributeTable(New AttributeRange() {attributeRange})
Return mesh
End Function
Public Shared Sub Main()
Try
Dim Form1 As New Form()
Application.Run(Form1)
Catch e As NotSupportedException
MsgBox("Your device does not have the " + _
"needed 3d support to run this sample")
Catch e As DriverUnsupportedException
MsgBox("Your device does not have the " + _
"needed 3d driver support to run this sample")
Catch e As Exception
MsgBox("The sample has run into an error and " + _
"needs to close: " + e.Message)
End Try
End Sub
End Class
class Form1
{
Form1()
{
// In this example, initialize the Mesh object
// with 4 tessellations
this.InitializeMesh(4);
}
private void InitializeMesh(int tessellation)
{
Mesh mesh1 = CreateHeightfieldMesh(tessellation);
}
private float GetHeight(float x, float y)
{
return 0;
//TODO: fill in this function
}
private Mesh CreateHeightfieldMesh(int tessellation)
{
Mesh mesh;
Device device = null; // TODO: initialize this
short[] arrayIndices = new short[(tessellation - 1) * (tessellation - 1) * 6];
CustomVertex.PositionTextured[] arrayVertices =
new CustomVertex.PositionTextured[tessellation * tessellation];
AttributeRange attributeRange = new AttributeRange();
// Create mesh with desired vertex format and desired size
mesh = new Mesh(arrayIndices.Length / 3, arrayVertices.Length, MeshFlags.SystemMemory,
CustomVertex.PositionTextured.Format, device);
// For each point in the height field calculate the x, y, z and
// texture coordinates.
for (int y = 0; y < tessellation; y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < tessellation; x++)
{
int arrayIndex = y * tessellation + x;
float xCoordinate = (float)x / (float)(tessellation - 1);
float yCoordinate = (float)y / (float)(tessellation - 1);
CustomVertex.PositionTextured vertex = new CustomVertex.PositionTextured
(xCoordinate, yCoordinate, GetHeight(xCoordinate, yCoordinate), xCoordinate, yCoordinate);
arrayVertices[arrayIndex] = vertex;
}
}
// Calculate the index buffer.
for (int y = 0; y < (tessellation - 1); y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < (tessellation - 1); x++)
{
int arrayIndex = (y * (tessellation - 1) + x) * 6;
int vertexIndex = y * tessellation + x;
arrayIndices[arrayIndex] = (short)vertexIndex;
arrayIndices[arrayIndex + 1] = (short)(vertexIndex + 1);
arrayIndices[arrayIndex + 2] = (short)(vertexIndex + tessellation);
arrayIndices[arrayIndex + 3] = (short)(vertexIndex + tessellation);
arrayIndices[arrayIndex + 4] = (short)(vertexIndex + 1);
arrayIndices[arrayIndex + 5] = (short)(vertexIndex + tessellation + 1);
}
}
// There is only one attribute value for this mesh.
// By specifying an attribute range the DrawSubset function
// does not have to scan the entire mesh for all faces that are
// are marked with a particular attribute id.
attributeRange.AttributeId = 0;
attributeRange.FaceStart = 0;
attributeRange.FaceCount = arrayIndices.Length / 3;
attributeRange.VertexStart = 0;
attributeRange.VertexCount = arrayVertices.Length;
mesh.VertexBuffer.SetData(arrayVertices, 0, LockFlags.None);
mesh.IndexBuffer.SetData(arrayIndices, 0, LockFlags.None);
mesh.SetAttributeTable(new AttributeRange[] { attributeRange });
return (mesh);
}
public static void Main()
{
try
{
Form Form1 = new Form();
Application.Run(Form1);
}
catch (NotSupportedException)
{
MessageBox.Show("Your device does not have the needed 3d " +
"support to run this sample");
}
catch (DriverUnsupportedException)
{
MessageBox.Show("Your device does not have the needed 3d " +
"driver support to run this sample");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
MessageBox.Show("The sample has run into an error and " +
"needs to close: " + e.Message);
}
}
}
编译代码
此示例需要引用下面的命名空间：