如何：使用组将一个文件拆分成多个文件 (LINQ)
此示例演示一种进行以下操作的方法：合并两个文件的内容，然后创建一组以新方式组织数据的新文件。
创建数据文件
将下面的姓名复制到名为 names1.txt 的文本文件，然后将此文件保存到您的解决方案文件夹：
Bankov, Peter Holm, Michael Garcia, Hugo Potra, Cristina Noriega, Fabricio Aw, Kam Foo Beebe, Ann Toyoshima, Tim Guy, Wey Yuan Garcia, Debra将下面的姓名复制到名为 names2.txt 的文本文件，然后将此文件保存到您的解决方案文件夹。注意这两个文件有一些共同的姓名。
Liu, Jinghao Bankov, Peter Holm, Michael Garcia, Hugo Beebe, Ann Gilchrist, Beth Myrcha, Jacek Giakoumakis, Leo McLin, Nkenge El Yassir, Mehdi
示例
Class SplitWithGroups
Shared Sub Main()
Dim fileA As String() = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines("../../../names1.txt")
Dim fileB As String() = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines("../../../names2.txt")
' Concatenate and remove duplicate names based on
Dim mergeQuery As IEnumerable(Of String) = fileA.Union(fileB)
' Group the names by the first letter in the last name
Dim groupQuery = From name In mergeQuery
Let n = name.Split(New Char() {","})
Order By n(0)
Group By groupKey = n(0)(0)
Into groupName = Group
' Create a new file for each group that was created
' Note that nested foreach loops are required to access
' individual items with each group.
For Each gGroup In groupQuery
Dim fileName As String = "..'..'..'testFile_" & gGroup.groupKey & ".txt"
Dim sw As New System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName)
Console.WriteLine(gGroup.groupKey)
For Each item In gGroup.groupName
Console.WriteLine(" " & item.name)
sw.WriteLine(item.name)
Next
sw.Close()
Next
' Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Files have been written. Press any key to exit.")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Class
' Console Output:
' A
' Aw, Kam Foo
' B
' Bankov, Peter
' Beebe, Ann
' E
' El Yassir, Mehdi
' G
' Garcia, Hugo
' Garcia, Debra
' Giakoumakis, Leo
' Gilchrist, Beth
' Guy, Wey Yuan
' H
' Holm, Michael
' L
' Liu, Jinghao
' M
' McLin, Nkenge
' Myrcha, Jacek
' N
' Noriega, Fabricio
' P
' Potra, Cristina
' T
' Toyoshima, Tim
class SplitWithGroups
{
static void Main()
{
string[] fileA = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(@"../../../names1.txt");
string[] fileB = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(@"../../../names2.txt");
// Concatenate and remove duplicate names based on
// default string comparer
var mergeQuery = fileA.Union(fileB);
// Group the names by the first letter in the last name.
var groupQuery = from name in mergeQuery
let n = name.Split(',')
group name by n[0][0] into g
orderby g.Key
select g;
// Create a new file for each group that was created
// Note that nested foreach loops are required to access
// individual items with each group.
foreach (var g in groupQuery)
{
// Create the new file name.
string fileName = @"../../../testFile_" + g.Key + ".txt";
// Output to display.
Console.WriteLine(g.Key);
// Write file.
using (System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName))
{
foreach (var item in g)
{
sw.WriteLine(item);
// Output to console for example purposes.
Console.WriteLine(" {0}", item);
}
}
}
// Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Files have been written. Press any key to exit");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/* Output:
A
Aw, Kam Foo
B
Bankov, Peter
Beebe, Ann
E
El Yassir, Mehdi
G
Garcia, Hugo
Guy, Wey Yuan
Garcia, Debra
Gilchrist, Beth
Giakoumakis, Leo
H
Holm, Michael
L
Liu, Jinghao
M
Myrcha, Jacek
McLin, Nkenge
N
Noriega, Fabricio
P
Potra, Cristina
T
Toyoshima, Tim
*/
对于与数据文件位于同一文件夹中的每个组，程序将为这些组编写单独的文件。
编译代码
创建一个面向 .NET Framework 3.5 版的 Visual Studio 项目。 默认情况下，该项目具有对 System.Core.dll 的引用以及针对 System.Linq 命名空间的 using 指令 (C#) 或 Imports 语句 (Visual Basic)。 在 C# 项目中，添加 System.IO 命名空间的 using 指令。
将此代码复制到您的项目。
按 F5 编译并运行程序。
按任意键退出控制台窗口。