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生成 SAS 令牌

项目
02/03/2024

本部分介绍如何以编程方式生成 SAS 令牌，以便使用 Azure 事件中心 REST API。

NodeJS

function createSharedAccessToken(uri, saName, saKey) { 
  if (!uri || !saName || !saKey) { 
          throw "Missing required parameter"; 
      } 
  var encoded = encodeURIComponent(uri); 
  var now = new Date(); 
  var week = 60*60*24*7;
  var ttl = Math.round(now.getTime() / 1000) + week;
  var signature = encoded + '\n' + ttl; 
  var hash = crypto.createHmac('sha256', saKey).update(signature, 'utf8').digest('base64'); 
  return 'SharedAccessSignature sr=' + encoded + '&sig=' + encodeURIComponent(hash) + '&se=' + ttl + '&skn=' + saName; 
}

若要使用策略名称和键值连接到事件中心，请使用采用 AzureNamedKeyCredential 参数的 EventHubProducerClient 构造函数。

const producer = new EventHubProducerClient("NAMESPACE NAME.servicebus.windows.net", eventHubName, new AzureNamedKeyCredential("POLICYNAME", "KEYVALUE"));

你将需要添加对 AzureNamedKeyCredential 的引用。

const { AzureNamedKeyCredential } = require("@azure/core-auth");

若要使用使用代码生成的 SAS 令牌，请使用 EventHubProducerClient 采用 AzureSASCredential 参数的构造函数。

var token = createSharedAccessToken("https://NAMESPACENAME.servicebus.windows.net", "POLICYNAME", "KEYVALUE");
const producer = new EventHubProducerClient("NAMESPACENAME.servicebus.windows.net", eventHubName, new AzureSASCredential(token));

你将需要添加对 AzureSASCredential 的引用。

const { AzureSASCredential } = require("@azure/core-auth");

Java

private static String GetSASToken(String resourceUri, String keyName, String key)
  {
      long epoch = System.currentTimeMillis()/1000L;
      int week = 60*60*24*7;
      String expiry = Long.toString(epoch + week);

      String sasToken = null;
      try {
          String stringToSign = URLEncoder.encode(resourceUri, "UTF-8") + "\n" + expiry;
          String signature = getHMAC256(key, stringToSign);
          sasToken = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" + URLEncoder.encode(resourceUri, "UTF-8") +"&sig=" +
                  URLEncoder.encode(signature, "UTF-8") + "&se=" + expiry + "&skn=" + keyName;
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

          e.printStackTrace();
      }

      return sasToken;
  }


public static String getHMAC256(String key, String input) {
    Mac sha256_HMAC = null;
    String hash = null;
    try {
        sha256_HMAC = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
        SecretKeySpec secret_key = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "HmacSHA256");
        sha256_HMAC.init(secret_key);
        Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

        hash = new String(encoder.encode(sha256_HMAC.doFinal(input.getBytes("UTF-8"))));

    } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return hash;
}

PHP

function generateSasToken($uri, $sasKeyName, $sasKeyValue) 
{ 
    $targetUri = strtolower(rawurlencode(strtolower($uri))); 
    $expires = time();     
    $expiresInMins = 60; 
    $week = 60*60*24*7;
    $expires = $expires + $week; 
    $toSign = $targetUri . "\n" . $expires; 
    $signature = rawurlencode(base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha256',             
    $toSign, $sasKeyValue, TRUE))); 

    $token = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" . $targetUri . "&sig=" . $signature . "&se=" . $expires .         "&skn=" . $sasKeyName; 
    return $token; 
}

C#

private static string createToken(string resourceUri, string keyName, string key)
{
    TimeSpan sinceEpoch = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1);
    var week = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7;
    var expiry = Convert.ToString((int)sinceEpoch.TotalSeconds + week);
    string stringToSign = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(resourceUri) + "\n" + expiry;
    HMACSHA256 hmac = new HMACSHA256(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
    var signature = Convert.ToBase64String(hmac.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(stringToSign)));
    var sasToken = String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "SharedAccessSignature sr={0}&sig={1}&se={2}&skn={3}", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(resourceUri), HttpUtility.UrlEncode(signature), expiry, keyName);
    return sasToken;
}

PowerShell

[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")| out-null
$URI="myNamespace.servicebus.windows.net/myEventHub"
$Access_Policy_Name="RootManageSharedAccessKey"
$Access_Policy_Key="myPrimaryKey"
#Token expires now+300
$Expires=([DateTimeOffset]::Now.ToUnixTimeSeconds())+300
$SignatureString=[System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($URI)+ "`n" + [string]$Expires
$HMAC = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.HMACSHA256
$HMAC.key = [Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($Access_Policy_Key)
$Signature = $HMAC.ComputeHash([Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($SignatureString))
$Signature = [Convert]::ToBase64String($Signature)
$SASToken = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" + [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($URI) + "&sig=" + [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($Signature) + "&se=" + $Expires + "&skn=" + $Access_Policy_Name
$SASToken

Python

import time
import urllib
import hmac
import hashlib
import base64

def get_auth_token(sb_name, eh_name, sas_name, sas_value):
    """
    Returns an authorization token dictionary 
    for making calls to Event Hubs REST API.
    """
    uri = urllib.parse.quote_plus("https://{}.servicebus.windows.net/{}" \
                                  .format(sb_name, eh_name))
    sas = sas_value.encode('utf-8')
    expiry = str(int(time.time() + 10000))
    string_to_sign = (uri + '\n' + expiry).encode('utf-8')
    signed_hmac_sha256 = hmac.HMAC(sas, string_to_sign, hashlib.sha256)
    signature = urllib.parse.quote(base64.b64encode(signed_hmac_sha256.digest()))
    return  {"sb_name": sb_name,
             "eh_name": eh_name,
             "token":'SharedAccessSignature sr={}&sig={}&se={}&skn={}' \
                     .format(uri, signature, expiry, sas_name)
            }

Bash

注意： 以下代码片段需要 OpenSSL 和 jq。

get_sas_token() {
    local EVENTHUB_URI=$1
    local SHARED_ACCESS_KEY_NAME=$2
    local SHARED_ACCESS_KEY=$3
    local EXPIRY=${EXPIRY:=$((60 * 60 * 24))} # Default token expiry is 1 day

    local ENCODED_URI=$(echo -n $EVENTHUB_URI | jq -s -R -r @uri)
    local TTL=$(($(date +%s) + $EXPIRY))
    local UTF8_SIGNATURE=$(printf "%s\n%s" $ENCODED_URI $TTL | iconv -t utf8)

    local HASH=$(echo -n "$UTF8_SIGNATURE" | openssl sha256 -hmac $SHARED_ACCESS_KEY -binary | base64)
    local ENCODED_HASH=$(echo -n $HASH | jq -s -R -r @uri)

    echo -n "SharedAccessSignature sr=$ENCODED_URI&sig=$ENCODED_HASH&se=$TTL&skn=$SHARED_ACCESS_KEY_NAME"
}

使用共享访问签名（在 HTTP 级别）

了解如何为事件中心命名空间中的任何实体创建共享访问签名后，即可执行 HTTP POST：

POST https://<yournamespace>.servicebus.windows.net/<yourentity>/messages
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: SharedAccessSignature sr=https%3A%2F%2F<yournamespace>.servicebus.windows.net%2F<yourentity>&sig=<yoursignature from code above>&se=1438205742&skn=KeyName
ContentType: application/atom+xml;type=entry;charset=utf-8

请记住，此 SAS 密钥适用于所有项。可以为队列、主题、订阅、事件中心或中继创建 SAS。如果对事件中心使用每个发布者标识，则可以追加 /publishers/< publisherid>。

如果为发送方或客户端提供 SAS 令牌，它们不会直接获取密钥，并且无法逆向改编哈希来获取令牌。因此，可以控制它们有权访问的项以及访问时长。需要记住的一个重要事项是，如果更改策略中的主密钥，则从该密钥创建的任何共享访问签名都会失效。