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使用 WMI 提供程序管理服务和网络设置

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适用于： SQL Server 2022 (16.x)

WMI 提供程序是 Microsoft 管理控制台（MMC）用来管理 SQL Server 服务和网络协议的已发布接口。 在 SMO 中，对象 ManagedComputer 表示 WMI 提供程序。

该 ManagedComputer 对象独立于与 SQL Server Server 实例建立的连接独立运行，并使用 Windows 凭据连接到 WMI 服务。

示例

若要使用提供的任何代码示例，请选择用于创建应用程序的编程环境、模板和语言。 有关详细信息，请参阅 如何在 Visual Studio .NET 中创建 Visual C# SMO 项目。

对于使用 SQL Server WMI 提供程序的程序，必须包含 Imports 该语句才能限定 WMI 命名空间。 请在应用程序的其他 Imports 语句之后、任何声明之前插入该语句，例如：

Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi

在 Visual Basic 中停止和重启 SQL Server 服务

该代码示例演示了如何通过使用 SMO ManagedComputer 对象停止和启动服务。 这为用于配置管理的 WMI 提供程序提供接口。

'Declare and create an instance of the ManagedComputer object that represents the WMI provider services.
Dim mc As ManagedComputer
mc = New ManagedComputer()
'Iterate through each service registered with the WMI provider.
Dim svc As Service
For Each svc In mc.Services
    Console.WriteLine(svc.Name)
Next
'Reference the SQL Server service.
svc = mc.Services("MSSQLSERVER")
'Stop the service if it is running and report on the status continuously until it has stopped.
If svc.ServiceState = ServiceState.Running Then
    svc.Stop()

    Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))
    Do Until String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState) = "Stopped"
        Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState))
        svc.Refresh()
    Loop
    Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))
    'Start the service and report on the status continuously until it has started.
    svc.Start()
    Do Until String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState) = "Running"
        Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState))
        svc.Refresh()
    Loop
    Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))

Else
    Console.WriteLine("SQL Server service is not running.")
End If

在 Visual Basic 中使用 URN 字符串启用服务器协议

该代码示例演示如何使用 URN 对象标识服务器协议，然后启用协议。

'This program must run with administrator privileges.
'Declare the ManagedComputer WMI interface.
Dim mc As New ManagedComputer()

'Create a URN object that represents the TCP server protocol.
Dim u As New Urn("ManagedComputer[@Name='V-ROBMA3']/ServerInstance[@Name='MSSQLSERVER']/ServerProtocol[@Name='Tcp']")

'Declare the serverProtocol variable and return the ServerProtocol object.
Dim sp As ServerProtocol
sp = mc.GetSmoObject(u)

'Enable the protocol.
sp.IsEnabled = True

'propagate back to the service
sp.Alter()

在 PowerShell 中使用 URN 字符串启用服务器协议

该代码示例演示如何使用 URN 对象标识服务器协议，然后启用协议。

#This example shows how to identify a server protocol using a URN object, and then enable the protocol
#This program must run with administrator privileges.

#Load the assembly containing the classes used in this example
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlWmiManagement")

#Get a managed computer instance
$mc = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer

#Create a URN object that represents the TCP server protocol
#Change 'MyPC' to the name of the your computer
$urn = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.Urn -argumentlist "ManagedComputer[@Name='MyPC']/ServerInstance[@Name='MSSQLSERVER']/ServerProtocol[@Name='Tcp']"

#Get the protocol object
$sp = $mc.GetSmoObject($urn)

#enable the protocol on the object
$sp.IsEnabled = $true

#propagate back to actual service
$sp.Alter()

在 C 中启动和停止服务#

该代码示例演示了如何停止和启动 SQL Server 实例。

//Declare and create an instance of the ManagedComputer
//object that represents the WMI provider services.
ManagedComputer mc;
mc = new ManagedComputer();

//Iterate through each service registered with the WMI provider.
foreach (Service svc in mc.Services)
{
   Console.WriteLine(svc.Name);
}

//Reference the SQL Server service.
Service mySvc = mc.Services["MSSQLSERVER"];

//Stop the service if it is running and report on the status
// continuously until it has stopped.
if (mySvc.ServiceState == ServiceState.Running)
{
   mySvc.Stop();
   Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
   while (!(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState) == "Stopped"))
   {
         Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState));
         mySvc.Refresh();
   }

   Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
   //Start the service and report on the status continuously
   //until it has started.
   mySvc.Start();
   while (!(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState) == "Running"))
   {
         Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState));
         mySvc.Refresh();
   }

   Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
   Console.ReadLine();
}
else
{
   Console.WriteLine("SQL Server service is not running.");
   Console.ReadLine();
}

在 PowerShell 中启动和停止服务

该代码示例演示了如何停止和启动 SQL Server 实例。

#Load the assembly containing the objects used in this example
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlWmiManagement")

#Get a managed computer instance
$mc = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer

#List out all SQL Server instances running on this mc
foreach ($Item in $mc.Services) { $Item.Name }

#Get the default SQL Server database engine service
$svc = $mc.Services["MSSQLSERVER"]

# for stopping and starting services PowerShell must run as administrator

#Stop this service
$svc.Stop()
$svc.Refresh()
while ($svc.ServiceState -ne "Stopped") {
    $svc.Refresh()
    $svc.ServiceState
}
"Service" + $svc.Name + " is now stopped"
"Starting " + $svc.Name
$svc.Start()
$svc.Refresh()
while ($svc.ServiceState -ne "Running") {
    $svc.Refresh()
    $svc.ServiceState
}
$svc.ServiceState
"Service" + $svc.Name + "is now started"

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