如何使用虚拟列表视图控件
本主题演示如何使用虚拟列表视图控件。 随附的 C++ 代码示例展示了如何处理虚拟列表视图控件通知消息、如何优化缓存以及如何从缓存中检索项目。
注意
本节中的示例代码假定缓存是由应用程序定义的结构组成的动态分配数组。 下面的 C++ 代码示例对该结构进行了定义。
struct RndItem
{
int iIcon; // Bitmap assigned to this item.
UINT state; // Item state value.
TCHAR Title[BUFFER_SIZE]; // BUFFER_SIZE is a user-defined macro value.
TCHAR SubText1[BUFFER_SIZE]; // Text for the label of the first sub-item.
TCHAR SubText2[BUFFER_SIZE]; // Text for the label of the second item.
};
需要了解的事项
技术
先决条件
- C/C++
- Windows 用户界面编程
说明
处理虚拟列表视图控件通知代码
除了其他列表视图控件发送的通知代码外,虚拟列表视图控件还可以发送 LVN_ODCACHEHINT 和 LVN_ODFINDITEM 通知代码。
此应用程序定义的函数用于处理通常从虚拟列表视图控件发送的通知消息。
LRESULT OnNotify(HWND hwnd, NMHDR* pnmhdr)
{
HRESULT hr;
LRESULT lrt = FALSE;
switch (pnmhdr->code)
{
case LVN_GETDISPINFO:
{
RndItem rndItem;
NMLVDISPINFO* plvdi = (NMLVDISPINFO*) pnmhdr;
if (-1 == plvdi->item.iItem)
{
OutputDebugString(TEXT("LVOWNER: Request for -1 item?\n"));
DebugBreak();
}
// Retrieve information for item at index iItem.
RetrieveItem( &rndItem, plvdi->item.iItem );
if(plvdi->item.mask & LVIF_STATE)
{
// Fill in the state information.
plvdi->item.state |= rndItem.state;
}
if(plvdi->item.mask & LVIF_IMAGE)
{
// Fill in the image information.
plvdi->item.iImage = rndItem.iIcon;
}
if(plvdi->item.mask & LVIF_TEXT)
{
// Fill in the text information.
switch (plvdi->item.iSubItem)
{
case 0:
// Copy the main item text.
hr = StringCchCopy(plvdi->item.pszText, MAX_COUNT, rndItem.Title);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
// Insert error handling code here. MAX_COUNT
// is a user-defined value. You must not enter
// more characters than specified by MAX_COUNT or
// the text will be truncated.
}
break;
case 1:
// Copy SubItem1 text.
hr = StringCchCopy( plvdi->item.pszText, MAX_COUNT, rndItem.SubText1);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
// Insert error handling code here. MAX_COUNT
// is a user-defined value. You must not enter
// more characters than specified by MAX_COUNT or
// the text will be truncated..
}
break;
case 2:
// Copy SubItem2 text.
hr = StringCchCopy(plvdi->item.pszText, MAX_COUNT, rndItem.SubText2);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
// Insert error handling code here. MAX_COUNT
// is a user-defined value. You must not enter
// more characters than specified by MAX_COUNT or
// the text will be truncated..
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
lrt = FALSE;
break;
}
case LVN_ODCACHEHINT:
{
NMLVCACHEHINT* pcachehint = (NMLVCACHEHINT*) pnmhdr;
// Load the cache with the recommended range.
PrepCache( pcachehint->iFrom, pcachehint->iTo );
break;
}
case LVN_ODFINDITEM:
{
LPNMLVFINDITEM pnmfi = NULL;
pnmfi = (LPNMLVFINDITEM)pnmhdr;
// Call a user-defined function that finds the index according to
// LVFINDINFO (which is embedded in the LPNMLVFINDITEM structure).
// If nothing is found, then set the return value to -1.
break;
}
default:
break;
} // End Switch block.
return(lrt);
}
优化缓存
虚拟列表视图控件会在其显示区域的内容发生变化时发送 LVN_ODCACHEHINT 通知消息。 该消息包含要缓存的项目范围的相关信息。 收到通知消息后,应用程序必须准备好用请求范围的项目信息加载缓存,以便在发送 LVN_GETDISPINFO 通知消息时可以随时使用这些信息。
在下面的 C++ 代码示例中,应用程序定义的函数接受虚拟列表视图控件发送的缓存项范围。 它会进行验证,以确定请求的项目范围尚未缓存,然后分配所需的全局内存,并在必要时填充缓存。
void PrepCache(int iFrom, int iTo)
{
/* Global Variables
* g_priCache[ ]: the main cache.
* g_iCache: the index of the first item in the main cache.
* g_cCache: the count of items in the main cache.
*
* g_priEndCache[ ]: the cache of items at the end of the list.
* g_iEndCache: the index of the first item in the end cache.
* g_cEndCache: the count of items in the end cache.
*/
// Local Variables
int i;
BOOL fOLFrom = FALSE;
BOOL fOLTo = FALSE;
// Check to see if this is the end cache.
if ((iTo == g_cCache - 1) && ((iTo - iFrom) < 30)) // 30 entries wide.
{
// Check to see if this is a portion of the current end cache.
if ((g_cCache) && (iFrom >= g_iEndCache) && (iFrom < g_iEndCache+g_cEndCache))
return;
// If it is a part of current end cache, no loading is necessary.
// This is a new end cache. Free the old memory.
if ( g_priEndCache )
GlobalFree( g_priEndCache );
// Set the index and count values for the new end cache,
// and then retrieve the memory.
g_iEndCache = iFrom;
g_cEndCache = (iTo - iFrom + 1);
g_priEndCache = (RndItem *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, sizeof(RndItem) * g_cEndCache);
if (! g_priEndCache)
{
// TODO: Out of memory. Perform error handling.
}
// Loop to fill the cache with the recommended items.
for (i=0; i<g_cEndCache; i++)
{
// TODO: Call a function that accesses item information and
// fills a cache element.
}
}
else
{
// It is not a member of the current end cache.
// Try the primary cache instead.
// Check to see if iFrom is within the primary cache.
if ((g_cCache) && (iFrom >= g_iCache) && (iFrom < g_iCache+g_cCache))
fOLFrom = TRUE;
// Check to see if iTo is within the primary cache.
if ((g_cCache) && (iTo >= g_iCache) && (iTo <= g_iCache+g_cCache))
fOLTo = TRUE;
// do nothing if both iFrom and iTo are within the current cache.
if (fOLFrom && fOLTo)
return;
// Enlarge the cache size rather than make it specific to this hint.
if (fOLFrom)
iFrom = g_iCache;
else if (fOLTo)
iTo = g_iCache + g_cCache;
// A new primary cache is needed. Free the old primary cache.
if ( g_priCache )
GlobalFree( g_priCache );
// Set the index and count values for the new primary cache,
// and then retrieve the memory.
g_iCache = iFrom;
g_cCache = (iTo - iFrom + 1);
g_priCache = (RndItem *)GlobalAlloc( GPTR, sizeof( RndItem ) * g_cCache );
if (!g_priCache)
{
// TODO: Out of memory. Do error handling.
}
// Loop to fill the cache with the recommended items.
for (i=0; i<g_cCache; i++)
{
// TODO: Call a function that accesses item information
// and fills a cache element.
}
}
}
从缓存中检索项目
此示例函数接受两个参数,一个是应用程序定义结构的地址,另一个是代表列表中项目索引的整数值。 它会检查索引值,以确定所需项目是否已缓存。 如果是,则会将传递给函数的指针设置到缓存中的某个位置。 如果项目不在主缓存或结束缓存中,则必须手动查找项目信息。
void RetrieveItem( RndItem * prndItem, int index )
{
// Global Variables
// g_priCache[ ]: the main cache.
// g_iCache: the index of the first item in the main cache.
// c_cCache: the count of items in the main cache.
//
// g_priEndCache[ ]: the cache of items at the end of the list.
// g_iEndCache: the index of the first item in the end cache.
// g_cEndCache: the count of items in the end cache.
//
// Check to see if the item is in the main cache.
if ((index >= g_iCache) && (index < g_iCache + g_cCache))
*prndItem = g_priCache[index-g_iCache];
// If it is not in the main cache, then check to see if
// the item is in the end area cache.
else if ((index >= g_iEndCache) && (index < g_iEndCache + g_cEndCache))
*prndItem = g_priEndCache[index-g_iEndCache];
else
{
// The item is not in either cache.
// Therefore, retrieve the item information manually.
}
}
注解
有关列表视图控件处理的窗口消息列表,请参阅默认列表视图消息处理。
完整示例
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