即時模式範例

這很重要

這項功能目前處於公開預覽版。

本頁提供結構化串流中即時模式查詢的工作程式碼範例，從簡單的無狀態轉換到具備自訂狀態管理的複雜有狀態處理。如需概念與設定，請參閱結構化串流中的即時模式，以及即時模式的入門教程。

先決條件

要執行本頁的範例，你需要：

一個即時模式叢集已設定並運行中。請參閱「即時模式開始」以了解逐步設定說明。
Databricks Runtime 16.4 LTS 或更高版本。
存取支援的串流來源與接收端：
- 以 Kafka 為例：一個設定輸入/輸出主題的 Kafka 代理
- 以 Kinesis 為例：AWS 憑證與設定為增強型 Fan-Out（EFO）模式的 Kinesis 串流
- 自訂匯款範例：目標資料庫或服務配置（範例為 PostgreSQL）
對結構化串流概念有基本的熟悉。如果你是串流新手，可以參考結構化串流的概念。

備註

範例中使用了像 broker_address、 input_topic、 checkpoint_location和這樣的佔位值。在執行程式碼前，先把這些值替換成你的實際設定值。

無狀態查詢範例

無狀態查詢會獨立處理每個記錄，且不維持記錄間的狀態。這些查詢通常比有狀態查詢更簡單且延遲更低，因為它們不需要管理狀態儲存或執行查詢。使用無狀態查詢來進行轉換、過濾、靜態資料的連接以及路由操作。

卡夫卡源頭到卡夫卡沉沒

在此範例中，您會從 Kafka 來源讀取並寫入 Kafka 匯入端。

Python

query = (
    spark.readStream
        .format("kafka")
        .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
        .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
        .option("subscribe", input_topic)
        .load()
        .writeStream
        .format("kafka")
        .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
        .option("topic", output_topic)
        .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
        .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
        .outputMode("update")
        .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

重新分割

在此範例中，您會從 Kafka 來源讀取資料，將其重新分割成 20 個分區，然後寫入 Kafka 匯入端。

由於目前實作的限制，你必須先將 Spark 設定 spark.sql.execution.sortBeforeRepartition 設為 false 才能使用重新分割。

Python

# Sorting is not supported in repartition with real-time mode, so you must set this to false to achieve low latency.
spark.conf.set("spark.sql.execution.sortBeforeRepartition", "false")

query = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("subscribe", input_topic)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .load()
    .repartition(20)
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

// Sorting is not supported in repartition with real-time mode, so you must set this to false to achieve low latency.
spark.conf.set("spark.sql.execution.sortBeforeRepartition", "false")

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .repartition(20)
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

串流快照集聯結（僅限廣播）

在此範例中，您從 Kafka 讀取，將資料與靜態資料表結合，並寫入 Kafka 接收器。僅支援廣播靜態表的串流靜態連接，這表示靜態表應該能容納於記憶體中。

Python

from pyspark.sql.functions import broadcast, expr

# We assume the static table in the path `static_table_location` has a column 'lookupKey'.

query = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("subscribe", input_topic)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .load()
    .withColumn("joinKey", expr("CAST(value AS STRING)"))
    .join(
        broadcast(spark.read.format("parquet").load(static_table_location)),
        expr("joinKey = lookupKey")
    )
    .selectExpr("value AS key", "value")
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{broadcast, expr}
import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .join(broadcast(spark.read.format("parquet").load(staticTableLocation)), expr("joinKey = lookupKey"))
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

Kinesis 來源到 Kafka 匯聚器

在此範例中，您會從 Kinesis 來源端讀取並寫入 Kafka 匯入端。

Python

query = (
    spark.readStream
        .format("kinesis")
        .option("region", region_name)
        .option("awsAccessKey", aws_access_key_id)
        .option("awsSecretKey", aws_secret_access_key)
        .option("consumerMode", "efo")
        .option("consumerName", consumer_name)
        .load()
        .selectExpr("partitionKey AS key", "CAST(data AS STRING) AS value")
        .writeStream
        .format("kafka")
        .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
        .option("topic", output_topic)
        .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
        .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
        .outputMode("update")
        .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

spark.readStream
      .format("kinesis")
      .option("region", regionName)
      .option("awsAccessKey", awsAccessKeyId)
      .option("awsSecretKey", awsSecretAccessKey)
      .option("consumerMode", "efo")
      .option("consumerName", consumerName)
      .load()
      .select(
        col("partitionKey").alias("key"),
        col("data").cast("string").alias("value")
      )
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

Union

在此範例中，您將來自兩個不同主題的兩個 Kafka 資料框架合併，並寫入至 Kafka 匯入端。

Python

df1 = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic_1)
    .load()
)

df2 = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic_2)
    .load()
)

query = (
    df1.union(df2)
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

val df1 = spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic1)
      .load()

val df2 = spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic2)
      .load()

df1.union(df2)
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

有狀態查詢範例

有狀態查詢能在記錄間維持狀態資訊，使得像去重、聚合和視窗處理等操作成為可能。這些查詢對於需要追蹤時間或跨多事件的資訊的應用情境非常重要。即時模式支援與微批次模式相同的語意有狀態操作，但會持續處理資料以降低延遲。有狀態查詢比無狀態查詢需要更多的記憶體和運算資源，因為它們必須維護和更新狀態。

Deduplication

在這個例子中，你透過 timestamp 和 value 欄位來去除重複紀錄。

Python

query = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic)
    .load()
    .dropDuplicates(["timestamp", "value"])
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .dropDuplicates("timestamp", "value")
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

Aggregation

在這個例子中，你將記錄分組為 timestamp 和 value，然後計算出現次數。

Python

from pyspark.sql.functions import col

query = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic)
    .load()
    .groupBy(col("timestamp"), col("value"))
    .count()
    .selectExpr("CAST(value AS STRING) AS key", "CAST(count AS STRING) AS value")
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.col
import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .groupBy(col("timestamp"), col("value"))
      .count()
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply("5 minutes"))
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

結合與聚合

在此範例中，您會先結合兩個不同主題中的兩個 Kafka DataFrame，然後執行匯總。最後，您將寫入 Kafka 接收端。

Python

from pyspark.sql.functions import col

df1 = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic_1)
    .load()
)

df2 = (
    spark.readStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")
    .option("subscribe", input_topic_2)
    .load()
)

query = (
    df1.union(df2)
    .groupBy(col("timestamp"), col("value"))
    .count()
    .selectExpr("CAST(value AS STRING) AS key", "CAST(count AS STRING) AS value")
    .writeStream
    .format("kafka")
    .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
    .option("topic", output_topic)
    .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
    .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
    .outputMode("update")
    .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.col
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger

val df1 = spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic1)
      .load()

val df2 = spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic2)
      .load()

df1.union(df2)
      .groupBy(col("timestamp"), col("value"))
      .count()
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply())
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

transformWithState

在這個例子中，你用 transformWithState 來維持 TTL（存活時間）的自訂狀態。處理器會計算每個鍵所見的記錄數量。

Python

from typing import Iterator, Tuple

from pyspark.sql import Row
from pyspark.sql.streaming import StatefulProcessor, StatefulProcessorHandle
from pyspark.sql.types import LongType, StringType, TimestampType, StructField, StructType


class RTMStatefulProcessor(StatefulProcessor):
  """
  This processor counts the number of records it has seen for each key using state variables
  with TTLs. It redundantly maintains this count with a value, list, and map state to put load
  on the state variable cleanup mechanism. (In practice, only one value state is needed to maintain
  the count for a given grouping key.)

  The input schema it expects is (String, Long) which represents a (key, source-timestamp) tuple.
  The source-timestamp is passed through so that we can calculate end-to-end latency. The output
  schema is (String, Long, Long), which represents a (key, count, source-timestamp) 3-tuple.
  """

  def init(self, handle: StatefulProcessorHandle) -> None:
    state_schema = StructType([StructField("value", LongType(), True)])
    self.value_state = handle.getValueState("value", state_schema, 30000)
    map_key_schema = StructType([StructField("key", LongType(), True)])
    map_value_schema = StructType([StructField("value", StringType(), True)])
    self.map_state = handle.getMapState("map", map_key_schema, map_value_schema, 30000)
    list_schema = StructType([StructField("value", StringType(), True)])
    self.list_state = handle.getListState("list", list_schema, 30000)

  def handleInputRows(self, key, rows, timerValues) -> Iterator[Row]:
    for row in rows:
      # row is a tuple (key, source_timestamp)
      key_str = row[0]
      source_timestamp = row[1]
      old_value = value.get()
      if old_value is None:
        old_value = 0
      self.value_state.update((old_value + 1,))
      self.map_state.update((old_value,), (key_str,))
      self.list_state.appendValue((key_str,))
      yield Row(key=key_str, value=old_value + 1, timestamp=source_timestamp)

  def close(self) -> None:
    pass


output_schema = StructType(
  [
    StructField("key", StringType(), True),
    StructField("value", LongType(), True),
    StructField("timestamp", TimestampType(), True),
  ]
)

query = (
  spark.readStream
  .format("kafka")
  .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
  .option("subscribe", input_topic)
  .load()
  .selectExpr("CAST(key AS STRING)", "CAST(value AS STRING)", "timestamp")
  .groupBy("key")
  .transformWithState(
    statefulProcessor=RTMStatefulProcessor(),
    outputStructType=output_schema,
    outputMode="Update",
    timeMode="processingTime",
  )
  .writeStream
  .format("kafka")
  .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", broker_address)
  .option("topic", output_topic)
  .option("checkpointLocation", checkpoint_location)
  .trigger(realTime="5 minutes")
  .outputMode("Update")
  .start()
)

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.Encoders
import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.RealTimeTrigger
import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.{ListState, MapState, StatefulProcessor, OutputMode, TTLConfig, TimeMode, TimerValues, ValueState}

/**
 * This processor counts the number of records it has seen for each key using state variables
 * with TTLs. It redundantly maintains this count with a value, list, and map state to put load
 * on the state variable cleanup mechanism. (In practice, only one value state is needed to maintain
 * the count for a given grouping key.)
 *
 * The input schema it expects is (String, Long) which represents a (key, source-timestamp) tuple.
 * The source-timestamp is passed through so that we can calculate end-to-end latency. The output
 * schema is (String, Long, Long), which represents a (key, count, source-timestamp) 3-tuple.
 *
 */

class RTMStatefulProcessor(ttlConfig: TTLConfig)
  extends StatefulProcessor[String, (String, Long), (String, Long, Long)] {
  @transient private var _value: ValueState[Long] = _
  @transient private var _map: MapState[Long, String] = _
  @transient private var _list: ListState[String] = _

  override def init(outputMode: OutputMode, timeMode: TimeMode): Unit = {
    // Counts the number of records this key has seen
    _value = getHandle.getValueState("value", Encoders.scalaLong, ttlConfig)
    _map = getHandle.getMapState("map", Encoders.scalaLong, Encoders.STRING, ttlConfig)
    _list = getHandle.getListState("list", Encoders.STRING, ttlConfig)
  }

  override def handleInputRows(
      key: String,
      inputRows: Iterator[(String, Long)],
      timerValues: TimerValues): Iterator[(String, Long, Long)] = {
    inputRows.map { row =>
      val key = row._1
      val sourceTimestamp = row._2

      val oldValue = _value.get()
      _value.update(oldValue + 1)
      _map.updateValue(oldValue, key)
      _list.appendValue(key)

      (key, oldValue + 1, sourceTimestamp)
    }
  }
}

spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .select(col("key").cast("STRING"), col("value").cast("STRING"), col("timestamp"))
      .as[(String, String, Timestamp)]
      .groupByKey(row => row._1)
      .transformWithState(new RTMStatefulProcessor(TTLConfig(Duration.ofSeconds(30))), TimeMode.ProcessingTime, OutputMode.Update)
      .as[(String, Long, Long)]
      .select(
            col("_1").as("key"),
            col("_2").as("value")
      )
      .writeStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", brokerAddress)
      .option("topic", outputTopic)
      .option("checkpointLocation", checkpointLocation)
      .trigger(RealTimeTrigger.apply("5 minutes"))
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .start()

備註

結構化串流中的即時模式與其他執行模式在transformWithState中執行StatefulProcessor的方式有所不同。請參見「在即時模式下使用 transformWithState」。

開發與測試

利用顯示進行互動開發

你可以用這個 display 功能直接在筆記本中視覺化即時串流資料。這對於互動式開發、測試及除錯即時模式查詢非常有用，無需設置外部接收器或生產基礎設施。

display帶有realTime觸發器的函式可在 Databricks Runtime 17.1 及以上版本中使用。在開發過程中用 display 驗證你的查詢邏輯和資料轉換後，再部署到 Kafka 或自訂接收端以進入生產環境。有關使用速率來源 display 的完整範例，請參見開始使用即時模式。

顯示速率來源

在此範例中，您會從速率來源讀取，並在筆記本中顯示串流數據框架。

Python

inputDF = (
  spark
  .readStream
  .format("rate")
  .option("numPartitions", 2)
  .option("rowsPerSecond", 1)
  .load()
)
display(inputDF, realTime="5 minutes", outputMode="update")

Scala

import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.Trigger
import org.apache.spark.sql.streaming.OutputMode

val inputDF = spark
  .readStream
  .format("rate")
  .option("numPartitions", 2)
  .option("rowsPerSecond", 1)
  .load()
display(inputDF, trigger=Trigger.RealTime(), outputMode=OutputMode.Update())

客製化水槽範例

當你需要將串流資料寫入不具內建結構化串流支援的目的地時，請使用foreachSink實作自訂寫入邏輯。自訂匯入系統讓你完全掌控資料寫入方式，讓你能整合到任何資料庫、API 或儲存系統。以下範例示範使用 JDBC 向 PostgreSQL 資料庫撰寫。

使用 foreachSink 寫入 PostgreSQL

import java.sql.{Connection, DriverManager, PreparedStatement}

import org.apache.spark.sql.{ForeachWriter, Row}

/**
 * Groups connection properties for
 * the JDBC writers.
 *
 * @param url JDBC url of the form jdbc:subprotocol:subname to connect to
 * @param dbtable database table that should be written into
 * @param username username for authentication
 * @param password password for authentication
 */
class JdbcWriterConfig(
    val url: String,
    val dbtable: String,
    val username: String,
    val password: String,
) extends Serializable

/**
 * Handles streaming data writes to a database sink via JDBC, by:
 *   - connecting to the database
 *   - buffering incoming data rows in batches to reduce write overhead
 *
 * @param config connection parameters and configuration knobs for the writer
 */
class JdbcStreamingDataWriter(config: JdbcWriterConfig)
  extends ForeachWriter[Row] with Serializable {
  // The writer currently only supports this hard-coded schema
  private val UPSERT_STATEMENT_SQL =
    s"""MERGE INTO "${config.dbtable}"
       |USING (
       |  SELECT
       |    CAST(? AS INTEGER) AS "id",
       |    CAST(? AS CHARACTER VARYING) AS "data"
       |) AS "source"
       |ON "test"."id" = "source"."id"
       |WHEN MATCHED THEN
       |  UPDATE SET "data" = "source"."data"
       |WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
       |  INSERT ("id", "data") VALUES ("source"."id", "source"."data")
       |""".stripMargin

  private val MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 3
  private val buffer = new Array[Row](MAX_BUFFER_SIZE)
  private var bufferSize = 0

  private var connection: Connection = _

  /**
   * Flushes the [[buffer]] by writing all rows in the buffer to the database.
   */
  private def flushBuffer(): Unit = {
    require(connection != null)

    if (bufferSize == 0) {
      return
    }

    var upsertStatement: PreparedStatement = null

    try {
      upsertStatement = connection.prepareStatement(UPSERT_STATEMENT_SQL)

      for (i <- 0 until bufferSize) {
        val row = buffer(i)
        upsertStatement.setInt(1, row.getAs[String]("key"))
        upsertStatement.setString(2, row.getAs[String]("value"))
        upsertStatement.addBatch()
      }

      upsertStatement.executeBatch()
      connection.commit()

      bufferSize = 0
    } catch { case e: Exception =>
      if (connection != null) {
        connection.rollback()
      }
      throw e
    } finally {
      if (upsertStatement != null) {
        upsertStatement.close()
      }
    }
  }

  override def open(partitionId: Long, epochId: Long): Boolean = {
    connection = DriverManager.getConnection(config.url, config.username, config.password)
    true
  }

  override def process(row: Row): Unit = {
    buffer(bufferSize) = row
    bufferSize += 1
    if (bufferSize >= MAX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
      flushBuffer()
    }
  }

  override def close(errorOrNull: Throwable): Unit = {
    flushBuffer()
    if (connection != null) {
      connection.close()
      connection = null
    }
  }
}


spark.readStream
      .format("kafka")
      .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", testUtils.brokerAddress)
      .option("subscribe", inputTopic)
      .load()
      .writeStream
      .outputMode(OutputMode.Update())
      .trigger(defaultTrigger)
      .foreach(new JdbcStreamingDataWriter(new JdbcWriterConfig(jdbcUrl, tableName, jdbcUsername, jdbcPassword)))
      .start()

下一步

既然你已經探索過這些即時模式範例，以下是一些資源，幫助你深化知識並打造適合生產的串流應用程式：

即時模式參考 - 了解即時模式概念、設定選項、支援功能及限制
立即使用即時模式 - 依照步驟設定叢集並執行首次即時查詢
結構化串流概念 - 在 Databricks 上學習結構化串流的基礎概念
有狀態應用程式 - 深入探討 transformWithState 及自訂狀態管理模式

意見反應

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Last updated on 2026-03-15

共用方式為

即時模式範例

先決條件

無狀態查詢範例

卡夫卡源頭到卡夫卡沉沒

Python

Scala

重新分割

Python

Scala

串流快照集聯結（僅限廣播）

Python

Scala

Kinesis 來源到 Kafka 匯聚器

Python

Scala

Union

Python

Scala

有狀態查詢範例

Deduplication

Python

Scala

Aggregation

Python

Scala

結合與聚合

Python

Scala

transformWithState

Python

Scala

開發與測試

利用顯示進行互動開發

顯示速率來源

Python

Scala

客製化水槽範例

使用 foreachSink 寫入 PostgreSQL

下一步

意見反應

其他資源