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程式碼樣式規則選項

  • 文章

您可以在程式碼基底中定義和維護一致的程式碼樣式，方法是在組態檔中定義 .NET 程式碼樣式規則及其相關聯的選項。 當您編輯程式碼時，這些規則會由各種開發 IDE 來呈現，例如 Visual Studio。 對於 .NET 專案，這些規則也可以在建置時間強制執行。 您可以啟用或停用個別的規則，並設定您希望強制執行每個規則的程度 (透過嚴重性等級)。

提示

  • 當您在 EditorConfig 檔案中定義程式碼樣式時，需設定您想要讓程式碼樣式分析器分析程式碼的方式。 EditorConfig 檔案為適用於這些分析器的組態檔。
  • 您也可以在 Visual Studio 的 [文字編輯器選項] 對話方塊中，設定程式碼樣式選項。 這些是只有在 Visual Studio 中編輯時才會遵守的每個使用者選項。 這些選項不會在建置時間或由其他 IDE 遵守。 此外，如果 Visual Studio 內開啟的專案或解決方案具有 EditorConfig 檔案，則 EditorConfig 檔案中的選項會優先使用。 在 Windows 上的 Visual Studio 中，您也可以從文字編輯器選項產生 EditorConfig 檔案。 選取 [工具]>[選項]>[文字編輯器]> [C# 或基本] >[程式碼樣式]>[一般]，然後按一下 [從設定產生 .editorconfig 檔案]。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱程式碼樣式喜好設定。

程式碼樣式規則分成下列子類別：

每個子類別都會定義自己的語法來指定選項。 如需這些規則和對應選項的詳細資訊，請參閱程式碼樣式規則參考。

EditorConfig 檔案範例

為了協助您開始使用，以下是含有預設選項的 .editorconfig 檔案範例。

注意

如果您使用的是 .NET 8 或更早的版本，則在建置時可能不會遵循此範例檔案中用於指定嚴重性的語法。 在此情況下，您可以改用分析器的規則識別碼型嚴重性組態語法來設定嚴重性。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 Option 格式。

提示

# Remove the line below if you want to inherit .editorconfig settings from higher directories
root = true

# C# files
[*.cs]

#### Core EditorConfig Options ####

# Indentation and spacing
indent_size = 4
indent_style = space
tab_width = 4

# New line preferences
end_of_line = crlf
insert_final_newline = false

#### .NET Coding Conventions ####

# Organize usings
dotnet_separate_import_directive_groups = false
dotnet_sort_system_directives_first = false
file_header_template = unset

# this. and Me. preferences
dotnet_style_qualification_for_event = false
dotnet_style_qualification_for_field = false
dotnet_style_qualification_for_method = false
dotnet_style_qualification_for_property = false

# Language keywords vs BCL types preferences
dotnet_style_predefined_type_for_locals_parameters_members = true
dotnet_style_predefined_type_for_member_access = true

# Parentheses preferences
dotnet_style_parentheses_in_arithmetic_binary_operators = always_for_clarity
dotnet_style_parentheses_in_other_binary_operators = always_for_clarity
dotnet_style_parentheses_in_other_operators = never_if_unnecessary
dotnet_style_parentheses_in_relational_binary_operators = always_for_clarity

# Modifier preferences
dotnet_style_require_accessibility_modifiers = for_non_interface_members

# Expression-level preferences
dotnet_style_coalesce_expression = true
dotnet_style_collection_initializer = true
dotnet_style_explicit_tuple_names = true
dotnet_style_namespace_match_folder = true
dotnet_style_null_propagation = true
dotnet_style_object_initializer = true
dotnet_style_operator_placement_when_wrapping = beginning_of_line
dotnet_style_prefer_auto_properties = true
dotnet_style_prefer_collection_expression = when_types_loosely_match
dotnet_style_prefer_compound_assignment = true
dotnet_style_prefer_conditional_expression_over_assignment = true
dotnet_style_prefer_conditional_expression_over_return = true
dotnet_style_prefer_foreach_explicit_cast_in_source = when_strongly_typed
dotnet_style_prefer_inferred_anonymous_type_member_names = true
dotnet_style_prefer_inferred_tuple_names = true
dotnet_style_prefer_is_null_check_over_reference_equality_method = true
dotnet_style_prefer_simplified_boolean_expressions = true
dotnet_style_prefer_simplified_interpolation = true

# Field preferences
dotnet_style_readonly_field = true

# Parameter preferences
dotnet_code_quality_unused_parameters = all:silent

# Suppression preferences
dotnet_remove_unnecessary_suppression_exclusions = none

# New line preferences
dotnet_style_allow_multiple_blank_lines_experimental = true
dotnet_style_allow_statement_immediately_after_block_experimental = true

#### C# Coding Conventions ####

# var preferences
csharp_style_var_elsewhere = false
csharp_style_var_for_built_in_types = false
csharp_style_var_when_type_is_apparent = false

# Expression-bodied members
csharp_style_expression_bodied_accessors = true
csharp_style_expression_bodied_constructors = false
csharp_style_expression_bodied_indexers = true
csharp_style_expression_bodied_lambdas = true
csharp_style_expression_bodied_local_functions = false
csharp_style_expression_bodied_methods = false
csharp_style_expression_bodied_operators = false
csharp_style_expression_bodied_properties = true

# Pattern matching preferences
csharp_style_pattern_matching_over_as_with_null_check = true
csharp_style_pattern_matching_over_is_with_cast_check = true
csharp_style_prefer_extended_property_pattern = true
csharp_style_prefer_not_pattern = true
csharp_style_prefer_pattern_matching = true
csharp_style_prefer_switch_expression = true

# Null-checking preferences
csharp_style_conditional_delegate_call = true

# Modifier preferences
csharp_prefer_static_local_function = true
csharp_preferred_modifier_order = public,private,protected,internal,file,static,extern,new,virtual,abstract,sealed,override,readonly,unsafe,required,volatile,async
csharp_style_prefer_readonly_struct = true
csharp_style_prefer_readonly_struct_member = true

# Code-block preferences
csharp_prefer_braces = true
csharp_prefer_simple_using_statement = true
csharp_style_namespace_declarations = block_scoped
csharp_style_prefer_method_group_conversion = true
csharp_style_prefer_primary_constructors = true
csharp_style_prefer_top_level_statements = true

# Expression-level preferences
csharp_prefer_simple_default_expression = true
csharp_style_deconstructed_variable_declaration = true
csharp_style_implicit_object_creation_when_type_is_apparent = true
csharp_style_inlined_variable_declaration = true
csharp_style_prefer_index_operator = true
csharp_style_prefer_local_over_anonymous_function = true
csharp_style_prefer_null_check_over_type_check = true
csharp_style_prefer_range_operator = true
csharp_style_prefer_tuple_swap = true
csharp_style_prefer_utf8_string_literals = true
csharp_style_throw_expression = true
csharp_style_unused_value_assignment_preference = discard_variable
csharp_style_unused_value_expression_statement_preference = discard_variable

# 'using' directive preferences
csharp_using_directive_placement = outside_namespace

# New line preferences
csharp_style_allow_blank_line_after_colon_in_constructor_initializer_experimental = true
csharp_style_allow_blank_line_after_token_in_arrow_expression_clause_experimental = true
csharp_style_allow_blank_line_after_token_in_conditional_expression_experimental = true
csharp_style_allow_blank_lines_between_consecutive_braces_experimental = true
csharp_style_allow_embedded_statements_on_same_line_experimental = true

#### C# Formatting Rules ####

# New line preferences
csharp_new_line_before_catch = true
csharp_new_line_before_else = true
csharp_new_line_before_finally = true
csharp_new_line_before_members_in_anonymous_types = true
csharp_new_line_before_members_in_object_initializers = true
csharp_new_line_before_open_brace = all
csharp_new_line_between_query_expression_clauses = true

# Indentation preferences
csharp_indent_block_contents = true
csharp_indent_braces = false
csharp_indent_case_contents = true
csharp_indent_case_contents_when_block = true
csharp_indent_labels = one_less_than_current
csharp_indent_switch_labels = true

# Space preferences
csharp_space_after_cast = false
csharp_space_after_colon_in_inheritance_clause = true
csharp_space_after_comma = true
csharp_space_after_dot = false
csharp_space_after_keywords_in_control_flow_statements = true
csharp_space_after_semicolon_in_for_statement = true
csharp_space_around_binary_operators = before_and_after
csharp_space_around_declaration_statements = false
csharp_space_before_colon_in_inheritance_clause = true
csharp_space_before_comma = false
csharp_space_before_dot = false
csharp_space_before_open_square_brackets = false
csharp_space_before_semicolon_in_for_statement = false
csharp_space_between_empty_square_brackets = false
csharp_space_between_method_call_empty_parameter_list_parentheses = false
csharp_space_between_method_call_name_and_opening_parenthesis = false
csharp_space_between_method_call_parameter_list_parentheses = false
csharp_space_between_method_declaration_empty_parameter_list_parentheses = false
csharp_space_between_method_declaration_name_and_open_parenthesis = false
csharp_space_between_method_declaration_parameter_list_parentheses = false
csharp_space_between_parentheses = false
csharp_space_between_square_brackets = false

# Wrapping preferences
csharp_preserve_single_line_blocks = true
csharp_preserve_single_line_statements = true

#### Naming styles ####

# Naming rules

dotnet_naming_rule.interface_should_be_begins_with_i.severity = suggestion
dotnet_naming_rule.interface_should_be_begins_with_i.symbols = interface
dotnet_naming_rule.interface_should_be_begins_with_i.style = begins_with_i

dotnet_naming_rule.types_should_be_pascal_case.severity = suggestion
dotnet_naming_rule.types_should_be_pascal_case.symbols = types
dotnet_naming_rule.types_should_be_pascal_case.style = pascal_case

dotnet_naming_rule.non_field_members_should_be_pascal_case.severity = suggestion
dotnet_naming_rule.non_field_members_should_be_pascal_case.symbols = non_field_members
dotnet_naming_rule.non_field_members_should_be_pascal_case.style = pascal_case

# Symbol specifications

dotnet_naming_symbols.interface.applicable_kinds = interface
dotnet_naming_symbols.interface.applicable_accessibilities = public, internal, private, protected, protected_internal, private_protected
dotnet_naming_symbols.interface.required_modifiers = 

dotnet_naming_symbols.types.applicable_kinds = class, struct, interface, enum
dotnet_naming_symbols.types.applicable_accessibilities = public, internal, private, protected, protected_internal, private_protected
dotnet_naming_symbols.types.required_modifiers = 

dotnet_naming_symbols.non_field_members.applicable_kinds = property, event, method
dotnet_naming_symbols.non_field_members.applicable_accessibilities = public, internal, private, protected, protected_internal, private_protected
dotnet_naming_symbols.non_field_members.required_modifiers = 

# Naming styles

dotnet_naming_style.pascal_case.required_prefix = 
dotnet_naming_style.pascal_case.required_suffix = 
dotnet_naming_style.pascal_case.word_separator = 
dotnet_naming_style.pascal_case.capitalization = pascal_case

dotnet_naming_style.begins_with_i.required_prefix = I
dotnet_naming_style.begins_with_i.required_suffix = 
dotnet_naming_style.begins_with_i.word_separator = 
dotnet_naming_style.begins_with_i.capitalization = pascal_case

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