Microsoft Graph PowerShell 群組型授權範例
Microsoft Entra 識別符中的群組型授權，Microsoft Entra 的一部分，可透過 Azure 入口網站 取得。 有一些實用的工作可以使用 Microsoft Graph PowerShell Cmdlet 來執行。
在本文中，我們會使用 Microsoft Graph PowerShell 來探討一些範例。
注意
自 2024 年 3 月 30 日起，Azure AD 和 MSOnline PowerShell 模組已被淘汰。 若要深入了解，請閱讀淘汰更新。 在此日期之後，對這些模組的支援僅限於對 Microsoft Graph PowerShell SDK 的移轉協助和安全性修正。 淘汰的模組將繼續運作至 2025 年 3 月 30 日。
我們建議移轉至 Microsoft Graph PowerShell 以與 Microsoft Entra ID (以前稱為 Azure AD) 互動。 如需了解常見的移轉問題，請參閱移轉常見問題。 注意：MSOnline 1.0.x 版可能會在 2024 年 6 月 30 日之後發生中斷。
警告
這些範例僅供示範之用。 建議您先在較小的規模或個別的測試環境中進行測試，再依賴生產環境中的測試環境。 您可能也需要修改範例，以符合特定環境的需求。
開始執行 Cmdlet 之前，請先執行 Connect-MgGraph Cmdlet，確定先連線到您的組織。
指派授權至群組
群組型授權 提供方便的方式來管理授權指派。 您可以將一或多個產品授權指派給群組，並將這些授權指派給群組的所有成員。
# Import the Microsoft.Graph.Groups module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Groups
$groupId = "911f05cf-f635-440c-b888-e54c73e0ef1a"
# Create a hashtable to store the parameters for the Set-MgGroupLicense cmdlet
$params = @{
AddLicenses = @(
@{
# Remove the DisabledPlans key as we don't need to disable any service plans
# Specify the SkuId of the license you want to assign
SkuId = "c42b9cae-ea4f-4ab7-9717-81576235ccac"
}
)
# Keep the RemoveLicenses key empty as we don't need to remove any licenses
RemoveLicenses = @(
)
}
# Call the Set-MgGroupLicense cmdlet to update the licenses for the specified group
# Replace $groupId with the actual group ID
Set-MgGroupLicense -GroupId $groupId -BodyParameter $params
檢視指派給群組的產品授權
Get-MgGroup -GroupId 99c4216a-56de-42c4-a4ac-1111cd8c7c41 -Property "AssignedLicenses" | Select-Object -ExpandProperty AssignedLicenses
檢視指派給群組的所有已停用服務方案授權
Get-MgGroup -GroupId 1ad75eeb-7e5a-4367-a493-9214d90d54d0 -Property "AssignedLicenses" |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty AssignedLicenses |
ForEach-Object {
$_ | Select-Object SkuId, DisabledPlans
}
取得具有授權的所有群組
# Import the Microsoft.Graph.Groups module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Groups
# Get all groups and licenses
$groups = Get-MgGroup -All
$groupsWithLicenses = @()
# Loop through each group and check if it has any licenses assigned
foreach ($group in $groups) {
$licenses = Get-MgGroup -GroupId $group.Id -Property "AssignedLicenses, Id, DisplayName" | Select-Object AssignedLicenses, DisplayName, Id
if ($licenses.AssignedLicenses) {
$groupData = [PSCustomObject]@{
ObjectId = $group.Id
DisplayName = $group.DisplayName
Licenses = $licenses.AssignedLicenses
}
$groupsWithLicenses += $groupData
}
}
取得具有授權之群組的統計數據
# Import User Graph Module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users
# Authenticate to MS Graph
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "User.Read.All", "Directory.Read.All", "Group.ReadWrite.All"
#get all groups with licenses
$groups = Get-MgGroup -All -Property LicenseProcessingState, DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object displayname, Id, LicenseProcessingState, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseProcessingState | Select-Object DisplayName, State, Id, AssignedLicenses | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "ProcessingComplete"}
$groupInfoArray = @()
# Filter the groups to only include those that have licenses assigned
$groups = $groups | Where-Object {$_.AssignedLicenses -ne $null}
# For each group, get the group name, license types, total user count, licensed user count, and license error count
foreach ($group in $groups) {
$groupInfo = New-Object PSObject
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Group Name" -Value $group.DisplayName
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Group ID" -Value $group.Id
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "License Types" -Value ($group.AssignedLicenses | Select-Object -ExpandProperty SkuId)
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Total User Count" -Value (Get-MgGroupMember -GroupId $group.Id -All | Measure-Object).Count
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Licensed User Count" -Value (Get-MgGroupMember -GroupId $group.Id -All | Where-Object {$_. LicenseProcessingState -eq "ProcessingComplete"} | Measure-Object).Count
$groupInfo | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "License Error Count" -Value (Get-MgGroupMember -GroupId $group.Id -All | Where-Object {$_.LicenseProcessingState -eq "ProcessingFailed"} | Measure-Object).Count
$groupInfoArray += $groupInfo
}
# Format the output and print it to the console
$groupInfoArray | Format-Table -AutoSize
取得所有具有授權錯誤的群組
# Import User Graph Module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users
# Authenticate to MS Graph
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Group.Read.All"
# Get all groups in the tenant with license assigned and with errors
$groups = Get-MgGroup -All -Property LicenseProcessingState, DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object displayname, Id, LicenseProcessingState, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseProcessingState | Select-Object DisplayName, State, Id, AssignedLicenses | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "ProcessingFailed" -and $_.AssignedLicenses -ne $null }
# Display the results and format output
$groups | Format-Table -AutoSize
取得群組中發生授權錯誤的所有使用者
指定包含某些授權相關錯誤的群組，您現在可以列出受這些錯誤影響的所有使用者。 使用者也可以有來自其他群組的錯誤。 不過，在此範例中，我們只會檢查使用者上每個 IndirectLicenseError 專案的 ReferencedObjectId 屬性，將結果限製為與有問題的群組相關的錯誤。
# Import User Graph Module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users
# Authenticate to MS Graph
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Group.Read.All", "User.Read.All"
# Get all groups in the tenant with license assigned
$groups = Get-MgGroup -All -Property LicenseProcessingState, DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object displayname, Id, LicenseProcessingState, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Where-Object {$_.AssignedLicenses -ne $null }
#output array
$groupInfoArray = @()
# Get All Members from the groups and check their license status
foreach($group in $groups) {
$groupMembers = Get-MgGroupMember -GroupId $group.Id -All -Property LicenseProcessingState, DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object displayname, Id, LicenseProcessingState, AssignedLicenses | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseProcessingState | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, AssignedLicenses | Where-Object {$_.AssignedLicenses -ne $null }
foreach($member in $groupMembers) {
Write-Host "Member $($member.DisplayName)"
if($member.LicenseProcessingState -eq "ProcessingFailed") {
$group | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "License Error" -Value $member.DisplayName
$groupInfoArray += $group
}
}
}
# Format the output and print it to the console
if ($groupInfoArray.Length -gt 0) {
$groupInfoArray | Format-Table -AutoSize
}
else {
Write-Host "No License Errors"
}
取得整個組織中發生授權錯誤的所有使用者
下列腳本可用來取得來自一或多個群組之授權錯誤的所有使用者。 腳本會為每個使用者列印一個數據列，每個授權錯誤，這可讓您清楚識別每個錯誤的來源。
# Import User Graph Module
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users
# Authenticate to MS Graph
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "User.Read.All"
# Get All Users From the Tenant with licenses assigned
$users = Get-MgUser -All -Property AssignedLicenses, LicenseAssignmentStates, DisplayName | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseAssignmentStates | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedByGroup, State, Error, SkuId
#count the number of users found with errors
$count = 0
# Loop through each user and check the Error property for None value
foreach($user in $users) {
if($user.Error -ne "None") {
$count += 1
Write-Host "User $($user.DisplayName) has a license error"
}
}
if ($count -le 0) {
write-host "No user found with license errors"
}
檢查用戶授權是否已直接指派或繼承自群組
# Connect to Microsoft Graph using Connect-MgGraph
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "User.Read.All"
# Get all users using Get-MgUser with a filter
$users = Get-MgUser -All -Property AssignedLicenses, LicenseAssignmentStates, DisplayName | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseAssignmentStates | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedByGroup, State, Error, SkuId
$output = @()
# Loop through all users and get the AssignedByGroup Details which will list the groupId
foreach ($user in $users) {
# Get the group ID if AssignedByGroup is not empty
if ($user.AssignedByGroup -ne $null)
{
$groupId = $user.AssignedByGroup
$groupName = Get-MgGroup -GroupId $groupId | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DisplayName
Write-Host "$($user.DisplayName) is assigned by group - $($groupName)" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -ForegroundColor Yellow
$result = [pscustomobject]@{
User=$user.DisplayName
AssignedByGroup=$true
GroupName=$groupName
GroupId=$groupId
}
$output += $result
}
else {
$result = [pscustomobject]@{
User=$user.DisplayName
AssignedByGroup=$false
GroupName="NA"
GroupId="NA"
}
$output += $result
Write-Host "$($user.DisplayName) is Not assigned by group" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -ForegroundColor Cyan
}
}
# Display the result
$output | ft
拿掉具有群組授權的使用者直接授權
此腳本的目的是要從已經從群組繼承相同授權的使用者移除不必要的直接授權;例如，作為轉換至群組型授權的一部分。
注意
為了確保使用者不會失去服務和數據的存取權，請務必確認直接指派的授權不會提供比繼承授權更多的服務功能。 目前無法使用PowerShell來判斷哪些服務是透過繼承的授權與直接授權來啟用。 因此，腳本會使用已知繼承自群組的最低服務層級，來檢查並確保使用者不會發生非預期的服務遺失。
變數
- $groupLicenses： 代表指派給群組的授權。
- $groupMembers： 包含群組的成員。
- $userLicenses： 保留直接指派給用戶的授權。
- $licensesToRemove： 儲存需要從使用者移除的授權。
# Import the Microsoft.Graph.Users and Microsoft.Graph.Groups modules
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users -Force
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Authentication -Force
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Users.Actions -Force
Import-Module Microsoft.Graph.Groups -Force
Clear-Host
# Connect to Microsoft Graph if not already connected
if ($null -eq (Get-MgContext)) {
Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Directory.Read.All, User.Read.All, Group.Read.All, Organization.Read.All" -NoWelcome
}
# Get all groups with licenses assigned
$groupsWithLicenses = Get-MgGroup -All -Property AssignedLicenses, DisplayName, Id | Where-Object { $_.assignedlicenses } | Select-Object DisplayName, Id -ExpandProperty AssignedLicenses | Select-Object DisplayName, Id, SkuId
$output = @()
# Check if there are any groups with licenses assigned
if ($null -ne groupsWithLicenses) { foreach (group in $groupsWithLicenses) {
# Get the group's licenses
$groupLicenses = $group.SkuId
# Get the group's members
$groupMembers = Get-MgGroupMember -GroupId $group.Id -All
if ($groupMembers) {
foreach ($member in $groupMembers) {
# Check if the member is a user
if ($member.AdditionalProperties.'@odata.type' -eq '#microsoft.graph.user') {
Write-Host "Fetching license details for $($member.AdditionalProperties.displayName)" -ForegroundColor Yellow
# Get User With Directly Assigned Licenses Only
$user = Get-MgUser -UserId $member.Id -Property AssignedLicenses, LicenseAssignmentStates, DisplayName | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedLicenses -ExpandProperty LicenseAssignmentStates | Select-Object DisplayName, AssignedByGroup, State, Error, SkuId | Where-Object { $_.AssignedByGroup -eq $null }
$licensesToRemove = @()
if ($user) {
if ($user.count -ge 2) {
foreach ($u in $user) {
$userLicenses = $u.SkuId
$licensesToRemove += $userLicenses | Where-Object { $_ -in $groupLicenses }
}
else {
Write-Host "No conflicting licenses found for the user $($member.AdditionalProperties.displayName)" -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Remove the licenses from the user
if ($licensesToRemove) {
Write-Host "Removing the license $($licensesToRemove) from user $($member.AdditionalProperties.displayName) as inherited from group $($group.DisplayName)" -ForegroundColor Green
$result = Set-MgUserLicense -UserId $member.Id -AddLicenses @() -RemoveLicenses $licensesToRemove
$obj = [PSCustomObject]@{
User = $result.DisplayName
Id = $result.Id
LicensesRemoved = $licensesToRemove
LicenseInheritedFromGroup = $group.DisplayName
GroupId = $group.Id
}
$output += $obj
}
else {
Write-Host "No action required for $($member.AdditionalProperties.displayName)" -ForegroundColor Green
}
}
}
}
else {
Write-Host "The licensed group $($group.DisplayName) has no members, exiting now!!" -ForegroundColor Yellow
}
}
$output | Format-Table -AutoSize
}
else {
Write-Host "No groups found with licenses assigned." -ForegroundColor Cyan
}
下一步
若要深入瞭解透過群組進行授權管理的功能集，請參閱下列文章：
意見反映
即將推出：我們會在 2024 年淘汰 GitHub 問題，並以全新的意見反應系統取代並作為內容意見反應的渠道。 如需更多資訊，請參閱：https://aka.ms/ContentUserFeedback。
提交及檢視以下的意見反映：