教學課程：建立自訂搜尋引擎和問題解答系統
在本教學課程中，了解如何為載入自 Spark 叢集的大型資料編製索引並進行查詢。 設定 Jupyter Notebook，以執行下列動作：
- 將各種表單 (發票) 載入至 Apache Spark 工作階段中的資料框架
- 分析這些資料以判斷其特徵
- 將產生的輸出組合成表格式資料結構
- 將輸出寫入 Azure 認知搜尋中託管的搜尋索引
- 探索和查詢您所建立的內容
1 - 設定相依性
首先，我們會匯入套件並連線到此工作流程中使用的 Azure 資源。
import os
from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
from synapse.ml.core.platform import running_on_synapse, find_secret
# Bootstrap Spark Session
spark = SparkSession.builder.getOrCreate()
cognitive_key = find_secret("cognitive-api-key") # replace with your cognitive api key
cognitive_location = "eastus"
translator_key = find_secret("translator-key") # replace with your cognitive api key
translator_location = "eastus"
search_key = find_secret("azure-search-key") # replace with your cognitive api key
search_service = "mmlspark-azure-search"
search_index = "form-demo-index-5"
openai_key = find_secret("openai-api-key") # replace with your open ai api key
openai_service_name = "synapseml-openai"
openai_deployment_name = "gpt-35-turbo"
openai_url = f"https://{openai_service_name}.openai.azure.com/"
2 - 將資料載入至 Spark
此程式碼會載入一些 Azure 記憶體帳戶的外部檔案以用於示範。 這些檔案是各種發票，並且會讀取到資料框架中。
from pyspark.sql.functions import udf
from pyspark.sql.types import StringType
def blob_to_url(blob):
[prefix, postfix] = blob.split("@")
container = prefix.split("/")[-1]
split_postfix = postfix.split("/")
account = split_postfix[0]
filepath = "/".join(split_postfix[1:])
return "https://{}/{}/{}".format(account, container, filepath)
df2 = (
spark.read.format("binaryFile")
.load("wasbs://ignite2021@mmlsparkdemo.blob.core.windows.net/form_subset/*")
.select("path")
.limit(10)
.select(udf(blob_to_url, StringType())("path").alias("url"))
.cache()
)
display(df2)
3 - 套用表單辨識
此程式碼會載入 AnalyzeInvoices 轉換器，並傳遞包含發票的資料框架參考。 其會呼叫 Azure 表格分析器的預先建置發票模型。
from synapse.ml.cognitive import AnalyzeInvoices
analyzed_df = (
AnalyzeInvoices()
.setSubscriptionKey(cognitive_key)
.setLocation(cognitive_location)
.setImageUrlCol("url")
.setOutputCol("invoices")
.setErrorCol("errors")
.setConcurrency(5)
.transform(df2)
.cache()
)
display(analyzed_df)
4 - 簡化表單辨識輸出
此程式碼會使用 FormOntologyLearner，此轉換器會分析「表單辨識器」轉換器 (適用於 Azure AI 文件智慧服務) 的輸出，並推斷表格式資料結構。 AnalyzeInvoices 的輸出並非固定，而是根據內容中偵測到的特徵而有所不同。
FormOntologyLearner 會尋找可用來建立表格式資料結構的模式，藉此擴充 AnalyzeInvoices 轉換器的應用範圍。 將輸出組織成多個資料行和資料列，可簡化下游分析。
from synapse.ml.cognitive import FormOntologyLearner
organized_df = (
FormOntologyLearner()
.setInputCol("invoices")
.setOutputCol("extracted")
.fit(analyzed_df)
.transform(analyzed_df)
.select("url", "extracted.*")
.cache()
)
display(organized_df)
透過良好的表格式 DataFrame，我們可以使用一些 SparkSQL 將表單中找到的巢狀資料表扁平化
from pyspark.sql.functions import explode, col
itemized_df = (
organized_df.select("*", explode(col("Items")).alias("Item"))
.drop("Items")
.select("Item.*", "*")
.drop("Item")
)
display(itemized_df)
5 - 新增翻譯
此程式碼會載入 Translate，此轉換器會在 Azure AI 服務中呼叫 Azure AI 翻譯工具服務。 原始文字 (「Description (描述)」資料行中的英文) 會以機器翻譯成各種語言。 所有輸出都會合併至「output.translations」陣列。
from synapse.ml.cognitive import Translate
translated_df = (
Translate()
.setSubscriptionKey(translator_key)
.setLocation(translator_location)
.setTextCol("Description")
.setErrorCol("TranslationError")
.setOutputCol("output")
.setToLanguage(["zh-Hans", "fr", "ru", "cy"])
.setConcurrency(5)
.transform(itemized_df)
.withColumn("Translations", col("output.translations")[0])
.drop("output", "TranslationError")
.cache()
)
display(translated_df)
6 - 使用 OpenAI 🤯將產品轉譯為表情圖示
from synapse.ml.cognitive.openai import OpenAIPrompt
from pyspark.sql.functions import trim, split
emoji_template = """
Your job is to translate item names into emoji. Do not add anything but the emoji and end the translation with a comma
Two Ducks: 🦆🦆,
Light Bulb: 💡,
Three Peaches: 🍑🍑🍑,
Two kitchen stoves: ♨️♨️,
A red car: 🚗,
A person and a cat: 🧍🐈,
A {Description}: """
prompter = (
OpenAIPrompt()
.setSubscriptionKey(openai_key)
.setDeploymentName(openai_deployment_name)
.setUrl(openai_url)
.setMaxTokens(5)
.setPromptTemplate(emoji_template)
.setErrorCol("error")
.setOutputCol("Emoji")
)
emoji_df = (
prompter.transform(translated_df)
.withColumn("Emoji", trim(split(col("Emoji"), ",").getItem(0)))
.drop("error", "prompt")
.cache()
)
display(emoji_df.select("Description", "Emoji"))
7 - 使用 OpenAI 推斷廠商地址
continent_template = """
Which continent does the following address belong to?
Pick one value from Europe, Australia, North America, South America, Asia, Africa, Antarctica.
Dont respond with anything but one of the above. If you don't know the answer or cannot figure it out from the text, return None. End your answer with a comma.
Address: "6693 Ryan Rd, North Whales",
Continent: Europe,
Address: "6693 Ryan Rd",
Continent: None,
Address: "{VendorAddress}",
Continent:"""
continent_df = (
prompter.setOutputCol("Continent")
.setPromptTemplate(continent_template)
.transform(emoji_df)
.withColumn("Continent", trim(split(col("Continent"), ",").getItem(0)))
.drop("error", "prompt")
.cache()
)
display(continent_df.select("VendorAddress", "Continent"))
8 - 建立表單的 Azure 搜尋服務索引
from synapse.ml.cognitive import *
from pyspark.sql.functions import monotonically_increasing_id, lit
(
continent_df.withColumn("DocID", monotonically_increasing_id().cast("string"))
.withColumn("SearchAction", lit("upload"))
.writeToAzureSearch(
subscriptionKey=search_key,
actionCol="SearchAction",
serviceName=search_service,
indexName=search_index,
keyCol="DocID",
)
)
9 - 試用搜尋查詢
import requests
search_url = "https://{}.search.windows.net/indexes/{}/docs/search?api-version=2019-05-06".format(
search_service, search_index
)
requests.post(
search_url, json={"search": "door"}, headers={"api-key": search_key}
).json()
10 - 建置聊天機器人，以使用 Azure 搜尋服務作為工具 🧠🔧
import json
import openai
openai.api_type = "azure"
openai.api_base = openai_url
openai.api_key = openai_key
openai.api_version = "2023-03-15-preview"
chat_context_prompt = f"""
You are a chatbot designed to answer questions with the help of a search engine that has the following information:
{continent_df.columns}
If you dont know the answer to a question say "I dont know". Do not lie or hallucinate information. Be brief. If you need to use the search engine to solve the please output a json in the form of {{"query": "example_query"}}
"""
def search_query_prompt(question):
return f"""
Given the search engine above, what would you search for to answer the following question?
Question: "{question}"
Please output a json in the form of {{"query": "example_query"}}
"""
def search_result_prompt(query):
search_results = requests.post(
search_url, json={"search": query}, headers={"api-key": search_key}
).json()
return f"""
You previously ran a search for "{query}" which returned the following results:
{search_results}
You should use the results to help you answer questions. If you dont know the answer to a question say "I dont know". Do not lie or hallucinate information. Be Brief and mention which query you used to solve the problem.
"""
def prompt_gpt(messages):
response = openai.ChatCompletion.create(
engine=openai_deployment_name, messages=messages, max_tokens=None, top_p=0.95
)
return response["choices"][0]["message"]["content"]
def custom_chatbot(question):
while True:
try:
query = json.loads(
prompt_gpt(
[
{"role": "system", "content": chat_context_prompt},
{"role": "user", "content": search_query_prompt(question)},
]
)
)["query"]
return prompt_gpt(
[
{"role": "system", "content": chat_context_prompt},
{"role": "system", "content": search_result_prompt(query)},
{"role": "user", "content": question},
]
)
except Exception as e:
raise e
11 - 詢問聊天機器人問題
custom_chatbot("What did Luke Diaz buy?")
12 - 快速雙重檢查
display(
continent_df.where(col("CustomerName") == "Luke Diaz")
.select("Description")
.distinct()
)