設定大型資料 (OLE DB)

文章
07/04/2024

適用於：SQL Server Azure SQL 資料庫 Azure SQL 受控執行個體 Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System （PDW）

下載 OLE DB 驅動程式

此範例會示範如何設定 BLOB 資料、建立資料表、加入範例記錄、在資料列集中提取該記錄，然後設定 BLOB 欄位的值。 IA64 不支援此範例。

若要傳遞自己的儲存物件指標，取用者會建立一個繫結 BLOB 資料行值的存取子，然後呼叫 IRowsetChange::SetData 或 IRowsetChange::InsertRow 方法。

本文中的 Transact-SQL 程式代碼範例會使用 AdventureWorks2022 或 AdventureWorksDW2022 範例資料庫，您可以從 Microsoft SQL Server 範例和社群專案首頁下載。

重要

盡可能使用 Windows 驗證。如果無法使用 Windows 驗證，請提示使用者在執行階段輸入認證。請避免將認證儲存在檔案中。如果您必須保存認證，則應該用 Win32 crypto API 加密這些認證。

程序

設定 BLOB 資料

建立一個 DBOBJECT 結構，描述如何存取 BLOB 資料行。將 DBOBJECT 結構的 dwFlag 項目設定為 STGM_READ，並將 iid 項目設定為 IID_ISequentialStream (要公開的介面)。
在 DBPROPSET_ROWSET 屬性群組中設定屬性，讓資料列集可以更新。
使用 DBBINDING 結構的陣列來建立一組繫結 (每個資料行一個)。將 DBBINDING 結構中的 wType 項目設定為 DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN，並將 pObject 項目設定為指向您所建立的 DBOBJECT 結構。
使用繫結資訊，在結構的 DBBINDINGS 陣列中建立存取子。
呼叫 GetNextRows 將下一個資料列擷取到資料列集中。呼叫 GetData 來讀取資料列集中的資料。
建立包含資料 (以及長度指標) 的儲存物件，然後使用繫結 BLOB 資料行來設定資料的存取子，呼叫 IRowsetChange::SetData (或 IRowsetChange::InsertRow)。

範例

描述

使用 ole32.lib oleaut32.lib 編譯並執行下列 C++ 程式碼清單。此應用程式會連線至電腦的預設 SQL Server 執行個體。在某些 Windows 作業系統上，您必須將 (localhost) 或 (local) 變更為 SQL Server 執行個體的名稱。若要連線到具名執行個體，請將連接字串從 L"(local)" 變更為 L"(local)\\name"，其中 name 是具名執行個體。根據預設，SQL Server Express 會安裝至具名執行個體。請確認您的 INCLUDE 環境變數包含的目錄內含 msoledbsql.h。

程式碼

// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib  
#define UNICODE  
#define DBINITCONSTANTS  
#define INITGID  
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250  // to include correct interfaces  
  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stddef.h>  
#include <iostream>  
#include <oledb.h>  
#include <oledberr.h>  
#include <msoledbsql.h>  
  
using namespace std;  
  
#define SAFE_RELEASE(pIUnknown) if(pIUnknown) (pIUnknown)->Release();  
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown);  
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText);  
  
class CSeqStream : public ISequentialStream {  
public:  
   // Constructors  
   CSeqStream();  
   virtual ~CSeqStream();  
  
   virtual BOOL Seek(ULONG iPos);  
   virtual BOOL Clear();  
   virtual BOOL CompareData(void* pBuffer);  
   virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };  
  
   virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };  
  
   STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);  
   STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);  
   STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);  
  
   STDMETHODIMP Read(   
      /* [out] */ void __RPC_FAR *pv,  
      /* [in]  */ ULONG cb,  
      /* [out] */ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);  
  
   STDMETHODIMP Write(   
      /* [in] */ const void __RPC_FAR *pv,  
      /* [in] */ ULONG cb,  
      /* [out]*/ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);  
  
private:  
   ULONG m_cRef;   // reference count  
   void* m_pBuffer;   // buffer  
   ULONG m_cBufSize;   // buffer size  
   ULONG m_iPos;   // current index position in the buffer  
};  
  
// class implementation  
CSeqStream::CSeqStream() {  
   m_iPos = 0;  
   m_cRef = 0;  
   m_pBuffer = NULL;  
   m_cBufSize = 0;  
  
   // The constructor AddRef's  
   AddRef();  
}  
  
CSeqStream::~CSeqStream() {  
   // Shouldn't have any references left ASSERT(m_cRef == 0);  
   CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);  
}  
  
ULONG CSeqStream::AddRef() {  
   return ++m_cRef;  
}  
  
ULONG CSeqStream::Release() {  
   // ASSERT(m_cRef);  
   if (--m_cRef)  
      return m_cRef;  
  
   delete this;  
   return 0;  
}  
  
HRESULT CSeqStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv) {  
   // ASSERT(ppv);  
   *ppv = NULL;  
  
   if (riid == IID_IUnknown)  
      *ppv = this;  
  
   if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)  
      *ppv = this;  
  
   if(*ppv) {  
      ((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();  
      return S_OK;  
   }  
  
   return E_NOINTERFACE;  
}  
  
BOOL CSeqStream::Seek(ULONG iPos) {  
   // Make sure the desired position is within the buffer  
   // ASSERT(iPos == 0 || iPos < m_cBufSize);  
  
   // Reset the current buffer position  
   m_iPos = iPos;  
   return TRUE;  
}  
  
BOOL CSeqStream::Clear() {  
   // Frees the buffer  
   m_iPos = 0;  
   m_cBufSize = 0;  
  
   CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);  
   m_pBuffer = NULL;  
  
   return TRUE;  
}  
  
BOOL CSeqStream::CompareData(void* pBuffer) {  
   // ASSERT(pBuffer);  
  
   // Quick and easy way to compare user buffer with the stream  
   return memcmp(pBuffer, m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize) == 0;  
}  
  
HRESULT CSeqStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead) {  
   // Parameter checking  
   if (pcbRead)  
      *pcbRead = 0;  
  
   if (!pv)  
      return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;  
  
   if (cb == 0)  
      return S_OK;  
  
   // Actual code  
   ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;  
   ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;  
  
   // if no more bytes to retrieve return   
   if (cBytesLeft == 0)  
      return S_FALSE;   
  
   // Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining  
   memcpy(pv, (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);  
   m_iPos += cBytesRead;  
  
   if (pcbRead)  
      *pcbRead = cBytesRead;  
  
   if (cb != cBytesRead)  
      return S_FALSE;   
  
   return S_OK;  
}  
  
HRESULT CSeqStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten) {  
   // Parameter checking  
   if (!pv)  
      return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;  
  
   if (pcbWritten)  
      *pcbWritten = 0;  
  
   if (cb == 0)  
      return S_OK;  
  
   // Enlarge the current buffer  
   m_cBufSize += cb;  
  
   // Need to append to the end of the stream  
   m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);  
   memcpy((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), pv, cb);  
   // m_iPos += cb;  
  
   if (pcbWritten)  
      *pcbWritten = cb;  
  
   return S_OK;  
}  
  
int main() {  
   CoInitialize(NULL);  
  
   DBOBJECT ObjectStruct;  
   ObjectStruct.dwFlags = STGM_READ;  
   ObjectStruct.iid = IID_ISequentialStream;  
  
   struct BLOBDATA {  
      DBSTATUS dwStatus;     
      DBLENGTH dwLength;   
      ISequentialStream* pISeqStream;  
   };  
  
   BLOBDATA BLOBGetData;  
   BLOBDATA BLOBSetData;  
  
   const ULONG cBindings = 1;  
   DBBINDING rgBindings[cBindings];   
   HRESULT hr = S_OK;  
  
   IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;  
   ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;  
   ICommandProperties* pICommandProperties = NULL;  
   IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange = NULL;  
   IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;  
   CSeqStream* pMySeqStream = NULL;  
  
   DBCOUNTITEM cRowsObtained = 0;  
   HACCESSOR hAccessor = DB_NULL_HACCESSOR;  
   DBBINDSTATUS rgBindStatus[cBindings];  
   HROW* rghRows = NULL;  
  
   const ULONG cPropSets = 1;  
   DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];  
   const ULONG cProperties = 1;  
   DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];  
   const ULONG cBytes = 10;  
  
   BYTE pBuffer[cBytes];  
   ULONG cBytesRead = 0;  
  
   BYTE pReadData[cBytes];   // read BLOB data in this array  
   memset(pReadData, 0xAA, cBytes);  
  
   BYTE pWriteData[cBytes];   // write BLOB data from this array  
   memset(pWriteData, 'D', cBytes);  
  
   // Get Command object  
   hr = GetCommandObject(IID_ICommandText, (IUnknown**)&pICommandText);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get ICommandText interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Create table with image column and index  
   hr = CreateTable(pICommandText);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to create table.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Set the DBPROPSET structure.  It is used to pass an array   
   // of DBPROP structures to SetProperties().  
   rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_ROWSET;  
   rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;  
  
   // Now set properties in the property group (DBPROPSET_ROWSET)  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_UPDATABILITY;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwStatus = DBPROPSTATUS_OK;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_I4;  
   V_I4(&rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue) = DBPROPVAL_UP_CHANGE;  
  
   // Set the rowset properties  
   hr = pICommandText->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandProperties,  
      (void **)&pICommandProperties);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get ICommandProperties to set rowset properties.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pICommandProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Execute failed to set rowset properties.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Execute a command (SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream)  
   hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, L"SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream");  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to set command text SELECT * FROM.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL,   
      IID_IRowsetChange,   
      NULL,   
      NULL,  
      (IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to execute the command SELECT * FROM.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Fill the DBBINDINGS array.  
   rgBindings[0].iOrdinal = 2;   // ordinal position  
   rgBindings[0].obValue = offsetof(BLOBDATA, pISeqStream);  
   rgBindings[0].obLength = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwLength);  
   rgBindings[0].obStatus = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwStatus);  
   rgBindings[0].pTypeInfo = NULL;  
   rgBindings[0].pObject = &ObjectStruct;  
   rgBindings[0].pBindExt = NULL;  
   rgBindings[0].dwPart =  DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_STATUS | DBPART_LENGTH;  
   rgBindings[0].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;  
   rgBindings[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;  
   rgBindings[0].cbMaxLen = 0;   
   rgBindings[0].dwFlags = 0;  
   rgBindings[0].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;  
   rgBindings[0].bPrecision = 0;  
   rgBindings[0].bScale = 0;  
  
   // Create an accessor using the binding information.  
   hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void**)&pIAccessor);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get IAccessor interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA,  
      cBindings,  
      rgBindings,   
      sizeof(BLOBDATA),  
      &hAccessor,  
      rgBindStatus);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to create an accessor.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // get the first row.  
   hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset, (void **)&pIRowset);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get IRowset interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL, 0, 1, &cRowsObtained, &rghRows);  
   hr = pIRowset->GetData(rghRows[0], hAccessor, &BLOBGetData);  
  
   // Verify the retrieved data, only if data is not null.  
   if (BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_ISNULL) {  
      // Process null data  
      printf("Provider returned a null value.\n");  
   }   
   else if(BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_OK) {  
      // Provider returned a nonNULL value  
      BLOBGetData.pISeqStream->Read( pBuffer, cBytes, &cBytesRead);  
  
      if (memcmp(pBuffer, pReadData, cBytes) != 0) {  
         // cleanup   
      }  
  
      SAFE_RELEASE(BLOBGetData.pISeqStream);  
   }  
  
   // Set up data for SetData.  
   pMySeqStream = new CSeqStream();  
  
   // Put data into ISequentialStream object for the provider to write.  
   pMySeqStream->Write(pWriteData, cBytes, NULL);  
  
   BLOBSetData.pISeqStream = (ISequentialStream*)pMySeqStream;  
   BLOBSetData.dwStatus = DBSTATUS_S_OK;  
   BLOBSetData.dwLength = pMySeqStream->Length();  
  
   // Set the data.  
   hr = pIRowsetChange->SetData(rghRows[0], hAccessor, &BLOBSetData);  
   if (FAILED(hr))     {  
      printf("Failed to set data.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to release accessor.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIRowset->ReleaseRows(cRowsObtained, rghRows, NULL, NULL, NULL);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to release rows.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
Exit:  
   // Release all allocated memory and release interface pointers.  
   CoUninitialize();  
}  
  
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown) {  
   HRESULT hr = S_OK;  
  
   // Local interface pointers, until a connection is made.  
   IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;  
   IDBProperties*  pIDBProperties = NULL;  
   IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;  
   IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;  
  
   const ULONG cPropSets = 1;  
   DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];  
  
   const ULONG cProperties = 4;  
   DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];  
  
   // Initialize property values needed to establish connection.  
   for ( ULONG i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )  
      VariantInit(&rgProperties[i].vValue);  
  
   // Server name.  
   rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;  
   rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
  
   rgProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"(local)");  
   rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Database.  
   rgProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;  
   rgProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   rgProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"AdventureWorks");  
   rgProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   rgProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   rgProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED;  
   rgProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   rgProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"SSPI");  
   rgProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   rgProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Properties are now set.  Next, construct DBPROPSET structure (rgInitPropSet) used to pass an   
   // array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the SetProperties method.  
   rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;  
   rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;  
   rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;  
  
   // Get the IDBInitialize interface.  
   hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MSOLEDBSQL,   
      NULL,   
      CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,  
      IID_IDBInitialize,   
      (void**)&pIDBInitialize);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Set initialization properties.  
   hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (void **)&pIDBProperties);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to set properties for DBPROPSET_DBINIT.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIDBInitialize->Initialize();  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to initialize.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Create a session object.  
   hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBCreateSession,  
                                        (void **)&pIDBCreateSession);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get pIDBCreateSession interface.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand, (IUnknown**)&pIDBCreateCommand);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to create session object.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Get CommandText object  
   hr = pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand( NULL, riid, (IUnknown**)ppIUnknown);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to create CommandText object.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   return hr;  
  
Exit:  
   // Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.  
   return hr;  
}  
  
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText) {  
   HRESULT hr = S_OK;  
  
   // drop the table "TestISeqStream" if the table exists.  
   hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText( DBGUID_DBSQL, L"if object_id('TestISeqStream') is not null drop table TestISeqStream");  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to set command text DROP TABLE.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to drop the table.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Create a new table.  
   hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,   
      L"CREATE TABLE TestISeqStream (col1 int,col2 image)");  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to set command text CREATE TABLE.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to create table.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   // Insert one row into table.  
   hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,  
      L"INSERT INTO TestISeqStream(col1,col2) VALUES (1,0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA)");  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to set command text INSERT INTO.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
   hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to insert record in the table.\n");  
      // Release any references and return.  
      goto Exit;  
   }  
  
Exit:  
   // Release all allocated memory and release interface pointers.  
   return hr;  
}

分享方式：

設定大型資料 (OLE DB)

程序

設定 BLOB 資料

範例

描述

程式碼

意見反映

意見反映

更多資源