使用大型 CLR UDT (OLE DB)

文章
07/04/2024

適用於：SQL Server Azure SQL 資料 Azure SQL 受控執行個體 Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)

此範例會示範如何從結果集中提取具有大型使用者定義型別的資料列。如需詳細資訊，請參閱大型 CLR 使用者定義類型 (OLE DB)。此範例適用於 SQL Server 2008 (10.0.x) 和更新版本。

範例

此範例包含兩個專案，其中一個專案從 C# 原始程式碼建立組件 (DLL)。這個組件包含 CLR 類型。將會在資料庫中加入一個資料表。資料表中的資料行將屬於組件中定義的類型。根據預設，此範例將會使用 master 資料庫。第二個專案是原生的 C 應用程式，可從資料表讀取資料。

將第一個 (C#) 程式碼清單編譯成 DLL。然後，將此 DLL 複製到 C 磁碟機的根目錄。

執行第二份 (Transact-SQL) 程式碼清單，將組件新增至 master 資料庫。

使用 ole32.lib oleaut32.lib 編譯並執行第三個 (C++) 程式碼清單。此應用程式會連線到您電腦的預設 SQL Server 執行個體。在某些 Windows 作業系統上，您必須將 (localhost) 或 (local) 變更為 SQL Server 執行個體的名稱。若要連線到具名執行個體，請將連接字串從 L"(local)" 變更為 L"(local)\\name"，其中 name 是具名執行個體。根據預設，SQL Server Express 會安裝至具名執行個體。請確認您的 INCLUDE 環境變數包含的目錄內含 msoledbsql.h。

執行第四份 (Transact-SQL) 程式碼清單，刪除 master 資料庫的組件。

// compile with: /target: library  
using System;  
using System.Data;  
using System.Data.SqlTypes;  
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;  
using System.Text;  
  
[assembly: System.CLSCompliantAttribute(true)]  
[Serializable]  
[Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlUserDefinedType(Format.UserDefined, IsFixedLength = false, MaxByteSize = -1, IsByteOrdered = true)]  
public class LargeStringUDT : INullable, IBinarySerialize {  
    private bool _isNull;  
    private string _largeString;  
  
    public bool IsNull {  
        get {  
            return (_isNull);  
        }  
    }  
  
    public static LargeStringUDT Null {  
        get {  
            LargeStringUDT lsUDT = new LargeStringUDT();  
            lsUDT._isNull = true;  
            return lsUDT;  
        }  
    }  
  
    public override string ToString() {  
        if (IsNull)  
            return "NULL";  
        else  
            return _largeString;  
    }  
  
    [SqlMethod(OnNullCall = false)]  
    public static LargeStringUDT Parse(SqlString s) {  
        if (s.IsNull)  
            return Null;  
  
        LargeStringUDT lsUDT = new LargeStringUDT();  
        lsUDT._largeString = s.Value;  
        return lsUDT;  
    }  
  
    public String LargeString {  
        get {  
            return _largeString;  
        }  
  
        set {  
            _largeString = value;  
        }  
    }  
  
    public void Read(System.IO.BinaryReader r) {  
        _isNull = r.ReadBoolean();  
        if (!_isNull)  
            _largeString = new String(r.ReadChars(r.ReadInt32()));  
    }  
  
    public void Write(System.IO.BinaryWriter w) {  
        w.Write(_isNull);  
        if (!_isNull) {  
            w.Write(_largeString.Length);  
            for (int i = 0; i < _largeString.Length; ++i)  
                w.Write(_largeString[i]);  
        }  
    }  
}

USE [MASTER]  
GO  
  
CREATE ASSEMBLY LargeStringUDT  
FROM 'C:\LargeStringUDT.dll'  
WITh PERMISSION_SET=SAFE;  
GO  
  
CREATE TYPE dbo.LargeStringUDT   
EXTERNAL NAME LargeStringUDT.[LargeStringUDT];  
GO  
  
CREATE TABLE dbo.LargeStringUDTs  
(ID int IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY, LargeString LargeStringUDT)  
GO  
  
INSERT INTO dbo.LargeStringUDTs (LargeString) VALUES (CONVERT(LargeStringUDT, 'This is the first string'));  
INSERT INTO dbo.LargeStringUDTs (LargeString) VALUES (CONVERT(LargeStringUDT, 'This is the second string'));  
INSERT INTO dbo.LargeStringUDTs (LargeString) VALUES (Convert(LargeStringUDT, 'This is the third string'));  
GO

// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib  
// Gives length of an array  
#define ARRAY_SIZE(rgArray) (sizeof(rgArray)/sizeof(*rgArray))  
#define NUMELEM(rgArray) ARRAY_SIZE(rgArray)  
  
#define DBINITCONSTANTS  
#define INITGUID  
  
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250   // to include correct interfaces  
  
#define ROUND_UP_MINIMUM 8  
  
#define ROUND_UP(valueToRound) \  
   (((valueToRound) + (ROUND_UP_MINIMUM - 1)) & ~(ROUND_UP_MINIMUM - 1))  
  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <tchar.h>  
#include <stddef.h>  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <iostream>  
#include <oledb.h>  
#include <msoledbsql.h>  
  
using namespace std;  
  
// Arrangement of column data when standard rowbuffer layout is used.  
struct COLUMNDATA {  
   DBLENGTH dwLength;   // length of data (not space allocated)  
   DBSTATUS dwStatus;   // status of column  
#ifdef _WIN64  
   // rgbData needs to be COLUMN_ALIGNVAL byte aligned. This fixes it for 64 bit build.  
   DWORD dwAlign;  
#endif  
   BYTE rgbData[1];   // data here and beyond  
};  
  
int InitializeAndEstablishConnection();  
int ProcessResultSet();  
  
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;  
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;  
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;  
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;  
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;  
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;  
IColumnsInfo* pIColumnsInfo = NULL;  
ISequentialStream* pISequentialStream;  
  
DBCOLUMNINFO* pDBColumnInfo = NULL;  
IAccessor* pIAccessor =  NULL;  
DBPROP InitProperties[4];  
DBPROPSET rgInitPropSet[1];  
  
ULONG i, j;  
HRESULT hr;  
DBROWCOUNT cNumRows = 0;  
DBORDINAL lNumCols;  
WCHAR* pStringsBuffer;  
DBBINDING* pBindings;  
HACCESSOR hAccessor;  
DBCOUNTITEM lNumRowsRetrieved;  
HROW hRows[10];  
HROW* pRows = &hRows[0];  
  
int main() {  
   // The command to execute.  
   WCHAR* wCmdString = OLESTR("SELECT ID, LargeString FROM dbo.LargeStringUDTs");  
  
   // Call a function to initialize and establish connection.   
   if (InitializeAndEstablishConnection() == -1) {  
      cout << "Failed to initialize and connect to the server.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Create a session   
   if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBCreateSession, (void**) &pIDBCreateSession))) {  
         cout << "Failed to obtain IDBCreateSession interface.\n";  
         return -1;  
   }  
  
   if (FAILED(pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand, (IUnknown**) &pIDBCreateCommand))) {  
         cout << "pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession failed.\n";  
         return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Access the ICommandText interface.  
   if (FAILED(pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand( NULL, IID_ICommandText, (IUnknown**) &pICommandText))) {  
         cout << "Failed to access ICommand interface.\n";  
         return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Specify the command text.  
   if (FAILED(pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, wCmdString))) {  
      cout << "Failed to set command text.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Execute the command.  
   if (FAILED(hr = pICommandText->Execute( NULL, IID_IRowset, NULL, &cNumRows, (IUnknown **) &pIRowset))) {  
         cout << "Failed to execute command.\n";  
         return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Process the result set.  
   ProcessResultSet();   
  
   pIRowset->Release();  
  
   // release memory.  
   pICommandText->Release();  
   pIDBCreateCommand->Release();  
   pIDBCreateSession->Release();  
  
   if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Uninitialize())) {  
      // Uninitialize is not required, but it fails if an interface has not been released.  This can be used for debugging.  
      cout << "Problem uninitializing.\n";  
   }  
  
   pIDBInitialize->Release();  
   CoUninitialize();  
};  
  
int InitializeAndEstablishConnection() {      
   CoInitialize(NULL);  
  
   // Obtain access to the MSOLEDBSQL provider.  
   hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_MSOLEDBSQL, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IDBInitialize, (void **) &pIDBInitialize);  
  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      printf("Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n");  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Initialize the property values needed to establish the connection.  
   for ( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )  
      VariantInit(&InitProperties[i].vValue);  
  
   // Server name.  
   InitProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;  
   InitProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   //InitProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal= SysAllocString(L"(local)\\SQLExpress");  
   InitProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal= SysAllocString(L"(local)");  
   InitProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Database.  
   InitProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;  
   InitProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   InitProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"master");  
   InitProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   InitProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED;  
   InitProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   InitProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"SSPI");  
   InitProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   InitProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;  
  
   // Properties are set, now construct the DBPROPSET structure (rgInitPropSet) used to pass   
   // an array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the SetProperties method.  
   rgInitPropSet[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;  
   rgInitPropSet[0].cProperties = 4;  
   rgInitPropSet[0].rgProperties = InitProperties;  
  
   // Set initialization properties.  
   hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (void **)&pIDBProperties);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      cout << "Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(1, rgInitPropSet);   
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      cout << "Failed to set initialization properties.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   pIDBProperties->Release();  
  
   // Now establish the connection to the data source.  
   if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Initialize())) {  
      cout << "Problem in establishing connection to the data"  
         "source.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
   return 0;  
}  
  
// Retrieve and display data resulting from a query.  
int ProcessResultSet() {  
   // Obtain access to the IColumnInfo interface  
   hr = pIRowset->QueryInterface(IID_IColumnsInfo, (void **)&pIColumnsInfo);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      cout << "Failed to get IColumnsInfo interface.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }   
  
   // Retrieve the column information.  
   pIColumnsInfo->GetColumnInfo(&lNumCols, &pDBColumnInfo, &pStringsBuffer);  
  
   // Free the columninfo interface.  
   pIColumnsInfo->Release();  
  
   // Create a DBBINDING array.  
   DBBINDING * p = (pBindings = new DBBINDING[lNumCols]);  
   if (!(p /* pBindings = new DBBINDING[lNumCols] */ ))  
      return -1;  
  
   // There are two columns in the table.  
   pBindings[0].iOrdinal = 1;   
   pBindings[0].obValue = 0;  
   pBindings[0].obLength = 0;  
   pBindings[0].obStatus = 0;  
   pBindings[0].pTypeInfo = NULL;  
   pBindings[0].pObject = NULL;  
   pBindings[0].pBindExt = NULL;  
   pBindings[0].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_LENGTH | DBPART_STATUS;  
   pBindings[0].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;  
   pBindings[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;   // Count 10  
   pBindings[0].cbMaxLen = sizeof(long);  
   pBindings[0].dwFlags = 0;  
   pBindings[0].wType = DBTYPE_I4;  
   pBindings[0].bPrecision = 0;  
   pBindings[0].bScale = 0; //Count 15  
  
   pBindings[1].iOrdinal = 2;   
   pBindings[1].obValue = 0;  
   pBindings[1].obLength = 0;  
   pBindings[1].obStatus = 0;  
   pBindings[1].pTypeInfo = NULL;  
   pBindings[1].pObject = NULL;  
   pBindings[1].pBindExt = NULL;  
   pBindings[1].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_STATUS;  
   pBindings[1].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;  
   pBindings[1].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM; //Count 10  
   pBindings[1].cbMaxLen = sizeof(IUnknown*);  
   pBindings[1].dwFlags = 0;  
   pBindings[1].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;  
   pBindings[1].bPrecision = 0;  
   pBindings[1].bScale = 0; //Count 15  
  
   DBBYTEOFFSET rowSize = 0;  
  
   for (size_t i = 0; i < lNumCols; i++) {  
      pBindings[i].obLength = rowSize + offsetof(COLUMNDATA, dwLength);  
      pBindings[i].obStatus = rowSize + offsetof(COLUMNDATA, dwStatus);  
      pBindings[i].obValue  = rowSize + offsetof(COLUMNDATA, rgbData);  
  
      rowSize += offsetof(COLUMNDATA, rgbData) + pBindings[i].cbMaxLen;  
      rowSize  = ROUND_UP(rowSize);  
   }  
  
   hr = pIRowset->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void **) &pIAccessor);  
   if (FAILED(hr)) {  
      cout << "Failed to obtain IAccessor interface.\n";  
      return -1;  
   }  
  
   // Create an accessor from the set of bindings (pBindings).  
   pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA, lNumCols, pBindings, 0, &hAccessor, NULL);  
  
   // Print column names.  
   for ( j = 0 ; j < lNumCols ; j++ )  
      printf("%-30S", pDBColumnInfo[j].pwszName);  
  
   printf("\n");   // new line after the column names  
  
   // Get a set of 10 row at a time.  
   pIRowset->GetNextRows( NULL, 0, 10, &lNumRowsRetrieved, &pRows);  
  
   // Allocate space for the row buffer.  
   BYTE * pBuffer = new BYTE[rowSize];  
   if (!(pBuffer /* = new BYTE[rowSize]; */ )) {  
      // Free up all allocated memory.  
      pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);  
      pIAccessor->Release();  
      delete [] pBindings;  
      return 0;  
   }  
  
   // Display the rows.  
   while ( lNumRowsRetrieved > 0 ) {  
      // For each row, print the column data.  
      for ( j = 0 ; j < lNumRowsRetrieved ; j++ ) {  
         // Clear the buffer.  
         memset(pBuffer, 0, rowSize);  
  
         // Get the row data values.  
         pIRowset->GetData(hRows[j], hAccessor, pBuffer);  
  
         // Print the first column  
         printf("%-25d", *((long*)(*(&pBuffer) + pBindings[0].obValue)));  
         ULONG dwStatus = *((ULONG*) (pBuffer + pBindings[1].obStatus));  
  
         if (dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_ISNULL) {  
            // Process NULL data  
         }  
  
         else if (dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_OK) {  
            HRESULT hrStreamRead = S_OK;  
            ULONG cbRead = 0;  
            BYTE DataBuff[1024];  
  
            memset(DataBuff, 0, 1024);  
  
            pISequentialStream = *((ISequentialStream**)(pBuffer + pBindings[1].obValue));  
  
            do {  
               hrStreamRead = pISequentialStream->Read(DataBuff, sizeof(DataBuff), &cbRead);  
               if (SUCCEEDED(hrStreamRead)) {  
                  // First byte indicate the value for IsNull property and the next four bytes   
                  // indicate the length of the string. So we start from the fifth byte.  
                  for (ULONG i = 5; i < cbRead; i++)  
                     putchar((char)DataBuff[i]);  
  
                  printf("\n");  
               }  
            }  
            while (hrStreamRead != S_FALSE && cbRead == sizeof(DataBuff));  
  
            pISequentialStream->Release();  
         }  
         else  
            // Process error from GetData.  
            cout << "Failed to GetData.\n";  
  
      } // for  
  
      // Release the rows retrieved.  
      pIRowset->ReleaseRows(lNumRowsRetrieved, hRows, NULL, NULL, NULL);  
  
      // Get the next 10 rows.  
      pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL, 0, 10, &lNumRowsRetrieved, &pRows);  
   } // while  
  
   // Free up all allocated memory.  
   delete [] pBuffer;  
   pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);  
   pIAccessor->Release();  
   delete [] pBindings;  
  
   return 0;  
}

USE [MASTER]  
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE name = 'LargeStringUDTs')  
   DROP TABLE LargeStringUDTs  
GO  
  
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.types WHERE name = 'LargeStringUDT')  
   DROP TYPE dbo.LargeStringUDT  
GO  
  
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.assemblies WHERE name = 'LargeStringUDT')  
   DROP ASSEMBLY LargeStringUDT  
GO

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