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快速入門：建立具有多個公用 IP 位址的 Azure 防火牆 - ARM 範本

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在本快速入門中，您會使用 Azure Resource Manager 範本 (ARM 範本)，從公用 IP 位址前置詞部署具有多個公用 IP 位址的 Azure 防火牆。 已部署的防火牆具有 NAT 規則集合規則，可允許 RDP 連線到兩部 Windows Server 2019 虛擬機器。

此快速入門的網路組態顯示圖表。

Azure Resource Manager 範本是一個 JavaScript 物件標記法 (JSON) 檔案，會定義專案的基礎結構和設定。 範本使用宣告式語法。 您可以描述預期的部署，而不需要撰寫程式設計命令順序來建立部署。

如需具有多個公用 IP 位址之 Azure 防火牆的詳細資訊，請參閱 使用 Azure PowerShell 部署具有多個公用 IP 位址的 Azure 防火牆。

如果您的環境符合必要條件，而且您很熟悉 ARM 範本，請選取 [部署至 Azure] 按鈕。 範本會在 Azure 入口網站中開啟。

將 Resource Manager 範本部署至 Azure 的按鈕。

必要條件

檢閱範本

此範本會建立具有兩個公用 IP 位址的 Azure 防火牆，以及支援 Azure 防火牆所需的資源。

本快速入門中使用的範本是來自 Azure 快速入門範本。

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "metadata": {
    "_generator": {
      "name": "bicep",
      "version": "0.26.54.24096",
      "templateHash": "8395247770070350203"
    }
  },
  "parameters": {
    "adminUsername": {
      "type": "string",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Admin username for the backend servers"
      }
    },
    "adminPassword": {
      "type": "securestring",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Password for the admin account on the backend servers"
      }
    },
    "location": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Location for all resources."
      }
    },
    "vmSize": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "Standard_B2ms",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Size of the virtual machine."
      }
    }
  },
  "variables": {
    "copy": [
      {
        "name": "azureFirewallIpConfigurations",
        "count": "[length(range(0, 2))]",
        "input": {
          "name": "[format('IpConf{0}', add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex('azureFirewallIpConfigurations')], 1))]",
          "properties": {
            "subnet": "[if(equals(range(0, 2)[copyIndex('azureFirewallIpConfigurations')], 0), json(format('{{\"id\": \"{0}\"}}', variables('azureFirewallSubnetId'))), null())]",
            "publicIPAddress": {
              "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', format('{0}{1}', variables('publicIpAddressName'), add(range(0, 2)[range(0, 2)[copyIndex('azureFirewallIpConfigurations')]], 1)))]"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    ],
    "virtualMachineName": "myVM",
    "virtualNetworkName": "myVNet",
    "networkInterfaceName": "net-int",
    "ipConfigName": "ipconfig",
    "ipPrefixName": "public_ip_prefix",
    "ipPrefixSize": 31,
    "publicIpAddressName": "public_ip",
    "nsgName": "vm-nsg",
    "firewallName": "FW-01",
    "vnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/16",
    "fwSubnetPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
    "backendSubnetPrefix": "10.0.1.0/24",
    "azureFirewallSubnetId": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('virtualNetworkName'), 'AzureFirewallSubnet')]"
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "copy": {
        "name": "nsg",
        "count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('nsgName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "securityRules": [
          {
            "name": "RDP",
            "properties": {
              "protocol": "Tcp",
              "sourcePortRange": "*",
              "destinationPortRange": "3389",
              "sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
              "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
              "access": "Allow",
              "priority": 300,
              "direction": "Inbound"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPPrefixes",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[variables('ipPrefixName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "prefixLength": "[variables('ipPrefixSize')]",
        "publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4"
      },
      "sku": {
        "name": "Standard"
      }
    },
    {
      "copy": {
        "name": "publicIPAddress",
        "count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('publicIpAddressName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "sku": {
        "name": "Standard"
      },
      "properties": {
        "publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
        "publicIPAllocationMethod": "Static",
        "publicIPPrefix": {
          "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPPrefixes', variables('ipPrefixName'))]"
        },
        "idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPPrefixes', variables('ipPrefixName'))]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[variables('virtualNetworkName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "addressSpace": {
          "addressPrefixes": [
            "[variables('vnetPrefix')]"
          ]
        },
        "subnets": [
          {
            "name": "myBackendSubnet",
            "properties": {
              "addressPrefix": "[variables('backendSubnetPrefix')]",
              "routeTable": {
                "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/routeTables', 'rt-01')]"
              },
              "privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
              "privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled"
            }
          }
        ],
        "enableDdosProtection": false,
        "enableVmProtection": false
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/routeTables', 'rt-01')]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}/{1}', variables('virtualNetworkName'), 'AzureFirewallSubnet')]",
      "properties": {
        "addressPrefix": "[variables('fwSubnetPrefix')]",
        "privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
        "privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled"
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "copy": {
        "name": "virtualMachine",
        "count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('virtualMachineName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "hardwareProfile": {
          "vmSize": "[parameters('vmSize')]"
        },
        "storageProfile": {
          "imageReference": {
            "publisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
            "offer": "WindowsServer",
            "sku": "2019-Datacenter",
            "version": "latest"
          },
          "osDisk": {
            "osType": "Windows",
            "createOption": "FromImage",
            "caching": "ReadWrite",
            "managedDisk": {
              "storageAccountType": "StandardSSD_LRS"
            },
            "diskSizeGB": 127
          }
        },
        "osProfile": {
          "computerName": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('virtualMachineName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
          "adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
          "adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPassword')]",
          "windowsConfiguration": {
            "provisionVMAgent": true,
            "enableAutomaticUpdates": true
          },
          "allowExtensionOperations": true
        },
        "networkProfile": {
          "networkInterfaces": [
            {
              "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), add(range(0, 2)[range(0, 2)[copyIndex()]], 1)))]"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), add(range(0, 2)[range(0, 2)[copyIndex()]], 1)))]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "copy": {
        "name": "netInterface",
        "count": "[length(range(0, 2))]"
      },
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('networkInterfaceName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "ipConfigurations": [
          {
            "name": "[format('{0}{1}', variables('ipConfigName'), add(range(0, 2)[copyIndex()], 1))]",
            "properties": {
              "subnet": {
                "id": "[reference(resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('virtualNetworkName')), '2023-09-01').subnets[0].id]"
              },
              "primary": true
            }
          }
        ],
        "enableAcceleratedNetworking": false,
        "enableIPForwarding": false,
        "networkSecurityGroup": {
          "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', format('{0}{1}', variables('nsgName'), add(range(0, 2)[range(0, 2)[copyIndex()]], 1)))]"
        }
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', format('{0}{1}', variables('nsgName'), add(range(0, 2)[range(0, 2)[copyIndex()]], 1)))]",
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', variables('virtualNetworkName'))]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "[variables('firewallName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "sku": {
          "name": "AZFW_VNet",
          "tier": "Standard"
        },
        "threatIntelMode": "Deny",
        "ipConfigurations": "[variables('azureFirewallIpConfigurations')]",
        "applicationRuleCollections": [
          {
            "name": "web",
            "properties": {
              "priority": 100,
              "action": {
                "type": "Allow"
              },
              "rules": [
                {
                  "name": "wan-address",
                  "protocols": [
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Http",
                      "port": 80
                    },
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Https",
                      "port": 443
                    }
                  ],
                  "targetFqdns": [
                    "getmywanip.com"
                  ],
                  "sourceAddresses": [
                    "*"
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "name": "google",
                  "protocols": [
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Http",
                      "port": 80
                    },
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Https",
                      "port": 443
                    }
                  ],
                  "targetFqdns": [
                    "www.google.com"
                  ],
                  "sourceAddresses": [
                    "10.0.1.0/24"
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "name": "wupdate",
                  "protocols": [
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Http",
                      "port": 80
                    },
                    {
                      "protocolType": "Https",
                      "port": 443
                    }
                  ],
                  "fqdnTags": [
                    "WindowsUpdate"
                  ],
                  "sourceAddresses": [
                    "*"
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ],
        "natRuleCollections": [
          {
            "name": "Coll-01",
            "properties": {
              "priority": 100,
              "action": {
                "type": "Dnat"
              },
              "rules": [
                {
                  "name": "rdp-01",
                  "protocols": [
                    "TCP"
                  ],
                  "translatedAddress": "10.0.1.4",
                  "translatedPort": "3389",
                  "sourceAddresses": [
                    "*"
                  ],
                  "destinationAddresses": [
                    "[reference(resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', format('{0}{1}', variables('publicIpAddressName'), add(range(0, 2)[0], 1))), '2023-09-01').ipAddress]"
                  ],
                  "destinationPorts": [
                    "3389"
                  ]
                },
                {
                  "name": "rdp-02",
                  "protocols": [
                    "TCP"
                  ],
                  "translatedAddress": "10.0.1.5",
                  "translatedPort": "3389",
                  "sourceAddresses": [
                    "*"
                  ],
                  "destinationAddresses": [
                    "[reference(resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', format('{0}{1}', variables('publicIpAddressName'), add(range(0, 2)[1], 1))), '2023-09-01').ipAddress]"
                  ],
                  "destinationPorts": [
                    "3389"
                  ]
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "publicIPAddress",
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', variables('virtualNetworkName'), 'AzureFirewallSubnet')]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/routeTables",
      "apiVersion": "2023-09-01",
      "name": "rt-01",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "disableBgpRoutePropagation": false,
        "routes": [
          {
            "name": "fw",
            "properties": {
              "addressPrefix": "0.0.0.0/0",
              "nextHopType": "VirtualAppliance",
              "nextHopIpAddress": "10.0.0.4"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "outputs": {
    "name": {
      "type": "string",
      "value": "[variables('firewallName')]"
    },
    "resourceId": {
      "type": "string",
      "value": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls', variables('firewallName'))]"
    },
    "location": {
      "type": "string",
      "value": "[parameters('location')]"
    },
    "resourceGroupName": {
      "type": "string",
      "value": "[resourceGroup().name]"
    }
  }
}

範本中定義了多個 Azure 資源：

部署範本

將 ARM 範本部署到 Azure：

  1. 選取 [部署至 Azure] 以登入 Azure 並開啟範本。 此範本會建立 Azure 防火牆、網路基礎結構和兩部虛擬機器。

    將 Resource Manager 範本部署至 Azure 的按鈕。

  2. 在入口網站的 [建立具有多個公用 IP 位址的 Azure 防火牆] 頁面上，輸入或選取下列值：

    • 訂用帳戶：從現有的訂用帳戶選取
    • 資源群組：從現有的資源群組選取，或選取[新建]，然後選取 [確定]。
    • 位置：選取位置
    • 管理員使用者名稱：輸入系統管理員使用者帳戶的使用者名稱
    • 管理員密碼：輸入管理員密碼或金鑰

  3. 選取 [我同意上方所述的條款及條件]，然後選取 [購買]。 部署可能需要 10 分鐘或更久的時間才能完成。

驗證部署

在 Azure 入口網站中，檢閱已部署的資源。 請注意防火牆的公用 IP 位址。

使用遠端桌面連線連線到防火牆公用 IP 位址。 成功的連線會示範允許連線到後端伺服器的防火牆 NAT 規則。

清除資源

當您不再需要先前為防火牆建立的資源時，請刪除資源群組。 刪除資源群組會移除防火牆和所有相關資源。

呼叫 Remove-AzResourceGroup Cmdlet 以刪除資源群組：

Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name "<your resource group name>"

下一步

教學課程：使用 Azure 入口網站在混合式網路中部署及設定 Azure 防火牆